Publikationer från Södertörns Högskola
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Teaching at school-age educare in compulsory school for pupils with intellectual disabilities : “It is important that one can participate their own way.”
No full textIn this study, we examine how teachers at the school-age educare in compulsory school for pupils with intellectual disabilities reason around recurring activities. Furthermore, we investigate how school-age educare teachers in compulsory school for pupils with intellectual disabilities resonate around these recurring activities in relation to the pupils' interests and individual needs. Our chosen method has been semi-structured interviews, and we have conducted five interviews with school-age educare teachers who work at compulsory school for pupils with intellectual disabilities. One teacher participated through written answers. Previous research regarding teaching in school-age educare by Lundbäck (2022), Ackesjö and Haglund (2021), Lager (2018), and Wernholm (2023) is presented. The analysis is based on John Dewey’s definition of educational goals and his notion of interest. The results show that being present in the room is sometimes considered active participation in activities. Our findings indicate that the curriculum for school-age educare needs to be interpreted and adapted to correspond to the pupils’ abilities. Observations, conversations with guardians, and visual tools are used to examine pupils’ interests. The study highlights the need for further research on teaching at school-age educare in compulsory school for pupils with intellectual disabilities, especially regarding pupils who study subject areas
Media och mänsklig värdighet : En kvantitativ och kvalitativ studie av nyhetsmediernas konstruktion av värdighet i rapporteringen om migration
No full textUnder de senaste 10–15 åren har migration varit en av de mest omdebatterade och politiskt laddade frågorna i Sverige, men också internationellt. Syftet med den här uppsatsen är att undersöka hur journalistiska ideal om mänsklig värdighet efterlevs i rapporteringen av migranter och migration i två stora svenska tidningar, Aftonbladet och Dagens Nyheter. Studien kombinerar en kvantitativ innehållsanalys och en kritisk diskursanalys av utvalda artiklar från hösten 2015 och hösten 2024. Det teoretiska ramverket består av normativ teori, gestaltningsteori, kritisk diskursanalys samt nyhetsurval och nyhetsvärderingar, med särskilt fokus på begreppet mänsklig värdighet och dess innebörd. Resultatet visar att migranter ofta exkluderas och att deras röster sällan får utrymme i rubriker och ingresser, däremot får deras röster och personliga berättelser desto mer utrymme i brödtexten. Studien visar på en viss förändring över tid, men idealen om att framställa migranter som subjekt med rätt till mänsklig värdighet efterlevs inte konsekvent genom rapporteringen
Fastighetsbolagens kapitalstruktur i en föränderlig räntemiljö : En kvantitativ studie av börsnoterade bolag i Sverige
No full textDenna studie syftar till att undersöka om det finns ett samband mellan ränteförändringar ochkapitalstrukturen hos svenska fastighetsbolag under perioden 2013-2023. Studien tillämpar enkvantitativ forskningsmetod med multipla regressionsanalyser baserat på data från 18fastighetsbolag. Med utgångspunkt i Trade-off teorin och Pecking order-teorin analyserassambandet mellan företagens skuldsättningsgrad, styrräntan och externa räntekostnader.Studiens resultat visar att varken styrräntan och externa räntekostnader inte har någotstatistiskt signifikant samband med företagens skuldsättningsgrad. Däremot uppvisarkontrollvariabeln tillgångstruktur ett positivt statistiskt signifikant samband, medankontrollvariabeln ROA visar ett negativt statistiskt signifikant samband medskuldsättningsgraden. Detta antyder att svenska fastighetsbolags kapitalstruktur i störreutsträckning formas av interna faktorer än av förändringar i räntenivån.This study aims to investigate whether there is a relationship between interest rate changesand the capital structure of Swedish real estate companies during the period 2013–2023. Aquantitative research method is applied, using multiple regression analyses based on datafrom 18 listed real estate firms. Based on the Trade-off Theory and the Pecking OrderTheory, the study analyzes the relationship between firms’ debt ratios, the central bank policyrate, and external interest expenses. The results show that neither the policy rate or externalinterest expenses have a statistically significant relationship with the firms’ debt ratio.However, the control variable asset structure shows a statistically positive significantrelationship, while the control variable ROA shows a negative statistically significantrelationship with debt ratio. This suggests that the capital structure of Swedish real estatecompanies is shaped more by internal factors than by changes in interest rates
"Då kom han ut. Han gjorde det med en självklarhet som var lätt att begripa. Den här världen var ju hans." : En djurstudie av vargen i Kerstin Ekmans Löpa varg (2021)
No full textThe purpose of this essay is to look closer into the role of the wolf and its representation within the framework of Kerstin Ekman ́s novel Löpa varg, with the intent to focus on the literary wolf, research its place in the text as well as its relation to surrounding circumstances, real wolves and the wolf itself. To address the purpose of this study the theoretical approach of animal studies will be applied, which though not an uncomplicated or simple approach, it consistently aims to place the animal in focus, beyond its metaphorical function and always challenging the anthropocentric view of existence. Furthermore, a metonymic and zoopoetic type of reading will be used to narrow the theoretical framework. The analysis will begin with a closer look at how the wolf manifest in the text and how that is related to its being as well as representation. Then there is the question of subjectivity, agency and to what extent the wolf can “speak for itself” since a text will always be written by a human hand, which could suggest it will always be either a mirror of humans or a concept of wolf created by humans. The following section concerns the metamorphoses, that is when the human “runs wolf”, and what actually occurs during these segments as well as what it says about both of them, but in particular the wolf. Under the last heading differences and kinship will be discussed respectively, in relation to a reasoning about how close we actually can get, and the possibility of essentially reach the wolfs perspective. Part of the result shows that if we follow the wolf, he can become much more than human’s metaphorical supplement and occasionally tell a tale about the fate of a real wolf.
Finns det en statistisk signifikant skillnad mellan aktivt förvaltade aktiefonder och passiva indexfonder sett till riskjusterad avkastning? : En undersökning på den svenska aktiemarknaden
No full textThis thesis aims to investigate whether passive or active fund management provides the best risk-adjusted return in an upward market, a downward market, and over a ten-year period. The study was conducted on 7 actively managed equity funds and these were set in relation to a relevant market index. The equity funds were selected through a non-probability sample with the aim to have as great impact on the Swedes' private finances in general as possible. Through calculations of two different performance measures, as well as the implementation of t-tests, the study was finally able to establish that there is no major difference in performance between passive index funds and actively managed equity funds. The study contributes to previous research by focusing on the Swedish stock market, and by starting from a modern approach with modern research articles as a starting point. As many previous studies have focused on analyzing a specific longer historical period, this study adds an extra dimension to this, by also examining the outcome in an upward and a downward market. Den här uppsatsen ämnar till att undersöka huruvida passiv eller aktiv fondförvaltning ger bäst riskjusterad avkastning i en uppåtgående marknad, en nedåtgående marknad, samt över en tio-års period. Studien gjordes på 7 stycken aktivt förvaltade aktiefonder och dessa ställdes i förhållande till ett relevantmarknadsindex. Aktiefonderna valdes ut genom ett icke-sannolikhetsurval med målsättningen att de skulle ha en så stor påverkan på svenskarnas privatekonomi i allmänhet som möjligt. Genom beräkningar av två olika prestationsmått, samt genomförande av t-test, kunde studien i slutändan konstatera att det inte finns någon större skillnad i prestation mellan passiva indexfonder och aktivt förvaltade aktiefonder. Studien bidrar till tidigare forskning genom att fokusera på den svenska aktiemarknaden, samt genom att utgå ifrån en modern infallsvinkel med moderna forskningsartiklar som utgångspunkt. Då flertalet tidigare studier fokuserat på att analysera en bestämd längre historisk period ger denna studie en extra dimension till detta, genom att även undersöka utfallet i en uppåtgående och en nedåtgående marknad
To reason with the machine : Elin Wägner and Sten Selander on technics and machine civilisation
No full textThe aim of this paper is to contribute to the understanding of the Swedish technology debate by analysing, comparing, and contextualising Elin Wägner’s and Sten Selander’s conceptions of technology and machine civilisation during 1930–1941. This is done by scrutinising both the philosophical content of their arguments and the language in which they were framed. Neither technology nor technics were the dominant concepts in their analysis. Instead, Wägner’s and Selander’s critiques of technology were chiefly expressed as both concrete and metaphorical confrontations with the machine. By reading the works of Wägner and Selander in the context of an international discourse on the machine, I argue that they exemplify a nuanced form of critique of technology which has largely been forgotten in the Swedish interwar context. A central claim is that Wägner’s and Selander’s critiques of what might today be called technology must be understood in the intersection between their conceptions of “technics” (teknik) and what they conceived as a social, cultural and economic machinery. Wägner was a literary writer, journalist, and activist, with a radical pacifist and feminist worldview. The botanist, literary critic, and poetic writer Selander is best described as part of a politically ambivalent creed of humanist cultural conservatives. Although they differed in terms of politics, I argue that they shared a similar view of technology, which opposed technological determinism of both pessimistic and optimistic variations. I describe this perspective as a constructivist view of technology, which combined the idealist understanding of technology as an expression of cultural traits with the analysis of how current technology limits human agency. Because they understood technology as a manifestation of a certain worldview, they held that a cultural shift was necessary to reinstate human control over the machine
The Relationship Between Interest Rate Changes and the Returns on Swedish Real Estate Stocks : A Quantitative Analysis of the Real Estate Market's Stock Performance During the period 2015–2024
No full textProblemställning: Det svenska ränteläget har skiftat kraftigt det senaste decenniet, vilket påverkar den högt skuldsatta fastighetssektorn särskilt mycket. Trots detta finns begränsad kvantitativ forskning om hur ränteförändringar påverkar sektorns aktieavkastning. Studien syftar till att öka förståelsen för detta samband Syfte: Att analysera sambandet mellan ränteförändringar och avkastningen på svenska fastighetsaktier 2015–2024, och därigenom fördjupa förståelsen för hur räntenivåer påverkar aktiekurser i sektorn. Metod: Kvantitativ regressionsanalys baserad på data från Riksbanken, Nasdaq Stockholm och Yahoo Finance för perioden 2015–2024. Slutsats: Ränteförändringar har inte haft signifikant effekt på fastighetsaktiers avkastning under perioden. Däremot har inflation (KPI) och börsutveckling (OMXS30) haft tydligt inflytande, vilket antyder att investerare reagerar mer på bredare makroekonomiska faktorer än på styrräntan. Resultaten stödjer delvis teorier som CAPM och EMH, men visar också tecken på marknadsineffektivitet.Problem statement: Sweden's interest rates have shifted dramatically over the past decade, from record lows to sharp increases. The real estate sector, with high leverage and capital intensity, is particularly vulnerable to such changes, creating uncertainty around stock performance. Despite this, quantitative research on how macro-level interest rates affect sector returns remains limited. This study seeks to address that gap. Purpose: To analyze the relationship between interest rate changes and the returns on Swedish real estate stocks from 2015 to 2024, and deepen understanding of how rate fluctuations impact stock performance in the sector. Method: A quantitative approach using regression analysis was employed, based on data from Sveriges Riksbank, Nasdaq Stockholm, and Yahoo Finance covering 2015–2024. Conclusion: No significant relationship was found between policy rate changes and real estate stock returns. However, inflation (CPI) and market performance (OMXS30) had a notable impact, suggesting investors respond more to broad economic indicators than to monetary policy. The findings offer partial support for CAPM and EMH, while also pointing to market inefficiencies in processing macroeconomic information
Kropp, plats och kunskap : Att vara en undervisande trädgårdsmästare
No full textPå vilket sätt spelar trädgårdsmästarens relation till plats roll för dennes praktiska kunskap? Det relationellas betydelse i generell beskrivning av praktisk kunskap är återkommande, då avses framför allt det mellanmänskliga fältet. Denna första forskningsfråga uppmärksammar det relationella som växer fram i trädgårdsmästarens arbete med platsen. Denna relation har en aspekt av kroppslig kunskap med en direkt koppling till den unika platsen. I en utbildningssituation uppstår dilemman i vägledning av denna ofta icke-verbala kunskap och den andra frågan blir hur undervisning om praktisk kunskap kan gå till? Som undervisande trädgårdsmästare kan man behöva tillämpa alternativa sätt att ge eleven redskap att själv tillägna sig praktisk kunskap där platsrelation och kroppslig kunskap blir viktiga delar. I den här essän undersöker jag byte av perspektiv och inlevelse som möjligheter att utveckla mina undervisningsmetoder. Dessa två forskningsfrågor undersöks med hjälp av egna erfarenheter som lärare och som elev. Trädgårdens delar, till exempel växterna, utgör föremålet för själva trädgårdsarbetet men de antar samtidigt roll som metaforer i min undersökning. Framträdande referenser inom de fyra olika teorilagren kroppslig kunskap, platsrelation, kommunikation av praktisk kunskap och inlevelse är Martin Heidegger och Maurice Merleau-Ponty i de första två och för de andra använder jag hantverksforskning där Tim Ingold är vanligt förekommande samt forskning, till exempel av Donna Haraway, som berör icke-dualistiska försök till att radera gränser mellan människa och natur genom ett relationellt angreppssätt. In what way does the gardener's relationship to place matter for his or her practical knowledge? The importance of the relational in the general description of practical knowledge is recurrent, referring in particular to the interpersonal field. This first research question draws attention to the relational that emerges in the gardener's work with place. This relationship has an aspect of embodied knowledge with a direct connection to the unique site. In an educational situation, dilemmas arise in guiding this often non-verbal knowledge, with the second question of how to teach practical knowledge? As a teaching gardener, one may need to apply alternative ways to provide the student with tools to acquire practical knowledge for themselves where place relation and bodily knowledge become important elements. In this essay, I explore shifts in perspective and empathy as possibilities for developing my teaching methods. These two research questions are explored using my own experiences as a teacher and student. Parts of the garden, for example the plants, constitute the object of gardening itself but they also assume a role as metaphors in my investigation. Key references within the four different theoretical layers of bodily knowledge, place relation, communication of practical knowledge and empathy are Martin Heidegger and Maurice Merleau-Ponty in the first two and for the second I use craft research where Tim Ingold is commonly used as well as research, for example by Donna Haraway, which concerns non-dualistic attempts to erase boundaries between humans and nature through a relational approach
The Female Body: Reproductive Vessels Serving the Nation : An Analytical Discussion of Environmental Pollution and the Swedish Government’s Preconception Dietary Advisories for Women
No full textThis master thesis investigates dietary advice regarding polluted seafood consumption aimed at women who potentially can become pregnant. The advisories are communicated by Livsmedelsverket, the Swedish Food Agency. This sort of advice is situated in the realm of preconception health with the intention of reducing risks and optimizing the health of imaginary fetuses. Using Carol Bacchi’s method ‘What’s the Problem Represented to be?’ this study challenges the representation of the ‘problems’ and questions the advisories as a rational response to environmental pollution. Drawing on theories about the risk society, biopolitics and feminist theories about reproduction, preconception health and the consumable body, this study confirms that women are portrayed as always potentially, or already pregnant in preconception health advice. The study also finds that these advisories operate through a gendered biopolitics which reproduces the expectation of women as solely responsible for the nation’s reproduction. While the problem with environmental pollutants is a collective failure in need of global action, the conclusion is that the Swedish state expects women to bear the burden and, to be the solution by mitigating risks and disciplining themselves to secure the health of future generations. By situating women in a discourse of anticipatory motherhood from their own conception, the advisories reproduce the notion of women’s bodies as mere reproductive vessels
Närståendes inflytande i svenska aktiesparares beslutsfattande : En kvantitativ studie om närståendes inflytande på svenska aktiesparares beslutsfattande på börsen
No full textThis study examines how relatives, defined as family, friends and partners, influence Swedish stock investors investment decisions and strategies on the stock market. Based on theories of information cascades, prospect theory and self-determination theory, a quantitative survey study was conducted with 167 respondents. The study analysed the relationship between relatives influence compared to the individual’s gender, age and risk preference. The results show that relatives have a measurable impact on investment decisions. Women report to a greater extent than men that they are influenced by relatives, while older and more risk-averse investors tend to be less likely to follow advice from relatives. The study highlights how social influence can reduce investor autonomy and contribute to herd behaviour in the market.