Publikationer från Högskolan i Jönköping
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Shall We Read and Create Magic? : A qualitative study on preschool teachers’perceptions of reading and its significance for children’s language development
No full textStudien syftar till att undersöka och analysera hur förskollärare uppfattar sitt arbete medhögläsning i förskolans verksamhet. Studien undersöker och analyserar även vilkastrategier och tillvägagångssätt förskollärare uppfattar att de använder sig av underhögläsningsaktiviteterna för att synliggöra och bidra med en förståelse för hurförskollärare främjar barns språkutveckling under högläsningen. Frågeställningarna sombesvarats i studien är: Hur beskriver förskollärare att de arbetar medhögläsningsaktiviteter? Vilka strategier och tillvägagångssätt beskriver förskollärare att deanvänder för att främja barns språkutveckling under högläsningsaktiviteter? För attbesvara frågeställningarna har en kvalitativ metod använts i form av sex semistruktureradeintervjuer. För att analysera förskollärarnas uppfattning om högläsningen, har en tematiskanalys med en fenomenografisk utgångspunkt används.Resultatet visar på två teman: förskollärarnas uppfattning om hur och när högläsningen fårta plats i förskolans verksamhet samt hur förskollärarna beskriver sitt arbete för att främjabarns språkutveckling under högläsningen. Ur resultatet går en tolkning utläsas utifråndessa två teman, hur spontan högläsning inte får ta den plats som förskollärarna önskarutan högläsning sker oftast under planerade undervisningar. Vidare visar resultatet attförskollärarna använder sig av verktyg i form av öppna frågor under högläsningen därbarns språk utvecklas. Slutligen visar förskollärarnas uppfattning om en önskan om mertid tillsammans med barnen där böcker och läsning får en större del i förskolansverksamhet
The significance of personality tests in recruitment : A qualitative interview study on recruiters’ perceptions of the value of such tests
No full textSyftet med studien var att undersöka hur verksamma rekryterare upplever personlighetstesters betydelse för en lyckad rekrytering. En kvalitativ metod med semistrukturerade intervjuer användes, och deltagarna rekryterades genom strategiskt urval, bekvämlighetsurval och snöbollsurval. Totalt intervjuades tio rekryterare från olika svenska företag. Resultatet visade att en lyckad rekrytering uppnås när rätt person tillsätts på rätt position samt att arbetsgivarens förväntningar möts. Personlighetstester ansågs vara ett värdefullt komplement vid bland annat ledarroller, trots att tilliten till testresultaten låg. Genomgående användes de istället som underlag för en djupare diskussion med kandidaten. Det återfanns att en lägre grad självbestämmande påverkade rekryterarens upplevelse negativt. Likaså utgjorde testleverantörers påverkan en påtaglig aspekt i rekryterarens sammansatta upplevelse. Tendenser till övertro på personlighetstester framkom, liksom en paradox där personlighet värderas högre i enklare än mer kvalificerade roller. Personlighetstester tillskrivs sällan en avgörande roll för lyckad rekrytering, men upplevs stödjande, förutsatt att de används med medvetenhet, kritisk distans och i kombination med andra urvalsmetoder.
: Formsprutning vs Additiv tillverkning
No full textThis study explores the possibility of replacing plastic parts previously injection-moulded with components produced using additive manufacturing, also known as 3D printing. The focus is on an actual case at SAAB Training and Simulation in Huskvarna. The background to the study lies in the difficulties that arise when injection moulding tools are missing, are in poor condition, or simply incompatible with current machines, making it too expensive to recreate such parts for small batches of spare components. The study is based on an actual need for a spare part, which is replacing an adapter for a so-called “tracer light unit” in an older simulation system. The aim of the study is to identify which materials and manufacturing methods within the additive manufacturing field that can produce parts with equal or better performance compared to the original injection-moulded ones, ensuring the product still works properly, even when made using a different material and method compared to the originally used. A special focus is placed on finding techniques that minimise anisotropy, meaning variations in material properties depending on the direction of stress, which is a common issue with some 3D printing methods. The study also looks at whether these alternatives meet functional requirements, particularly in terms of strength, tolerances, and fit. The work combined both theory and practice, including literature reviews, interviews, and practical testing. Screening tests were conducted on a range of alternatives, leading to two additive manufacturing techniques that were eventually tested in SAAB’s own product qualification process. These tests exposed the candidate parts to environments and load cases similar to those seen in real-world customer use. Results show that, in this particular case, a 3D-printed component can directly replace a previously injection-moulded part, provided that the right material and printing method are chosen. Among the tested options, one specific combination met all strength requirements. All parts showed an acceptable fit, even though a few fell outside the set tolerance limits for the adapter. The tests indicated that 3D-printed components can meet both strength and geometric requirements. Additionally, the study found that some additive methods can produce components with relatively isotropic properties, meaning directional effects are limited and manageable. The conclusion is that, for this case and likely in other similar ones, additive manufacturing is a technically and financially workable alternative to injection moulding, especially for spare parts in batches with limited size. However, the study also highlights the importance of considering properties like fatigue strength when choosing material and method for a part, as these characteristics can be hard to predict without physical testing or robust data. For future work, further testing and development of simulation methods is recommended, as these could potentially reduce the need for physical trials
Att forma världen i din avbild : En kvalitativ analys av världsordningens kris och personligheterna bakom den
No full textInvestigating Lean Thinking in Service Operations : A multiple-case study of service operations in SMEs within the spa bath industry
No full textPurpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate how Lean Thinking and Value Stream Mapping can be applied and used to improve spare parts management in the service operations of the Swedish spa bath industry. Method: The research approach used in this study was a qualitative multiple-case study. The research questions were answered by using qualitative data through interviews as a data collection method. Findings: The study ́s findings presented several challenges for the case companies regarding spare parts management in service operations. The main challenges identified were poor flow visibility, lack of standardization, and limited coordination between service and inventory functions. The findings also resulted in proposed opportunities for improvement. Standardization of diagnostics and routines, planning and coordination between service technicians and inventory, and integration of service and warehouse information flows were presented as potential improvement areas. Practical Implications: This thesis could be used to provide practical insights into how Lean Thinking and Value Stream Mapping, when used as an analytical tool, can be adapted in service contexts. Theoretical Implications: This study contributes to the academic understanding of service supply chain improvement and provides theoretical insights into the implementation of Lean Thinking in a service environment. Delimitations: This thesis delimitates to spare parts management within service operations of the spa bath industry. Focusing on three SMEs in Sweden that act as resellers of spa bath products and specifically spare parts in this study.
What to do about third-party web tracking ongovernment websites in Sweden?
No full textWhile more and more government services are moved online, tracking has also become widespread on the web. Many websites use third party services, which often lets those services track and collect data from visitors. How much third-party web tracking is used on government websites? In the present research, that question was answered in a Swedish context through an automated analysis of 575 Swedish government websites. It was also investigated why third-party web tracking is used on Swedish government websites, and what can be done by these websites in order to decrease the usage of such third parties. This was achieved through interviews with six experts in privacy and security, and later with nine representatives from seven government organizations. The website analysis showed that Google --- this includes Google Analytics, Google Fonts, YouTube, etc. --- was found on just below 30% of websites. Piwik Pro was found on just above, and rek.ai just below, 25%. Some of the reasons for using third-party web tracking on Swedish government websites was the convenience compared to using self-hosted alternatives, that certain accessibility tools are required by law, and that certain tools are provided by the hosting providers or CMS. Some of the recommendations on how to reduce third-party web tracking on government websites was found to be to self-host fonts and analytics, to minimize data collection, and to limit data retention
From Screen to Leaf : The Future of Digitalisation in Preschools in Sweden
No full textSweden is in the midst of a drastic U-turn from a natural reliance of the use of digital tools together with the children in preschools to back to “normal teaching methods” where analogue methods take preference. A slogan was coined and presented by Johan Pehrson and Lotta Edholm (Liberal party) at a press conference in October 2023. Sweden will revert from screen to leaf (skärm till pärm) and plans to affect preschools nationwide. This thesis explores the concepts, challenges, constraints and implications that have emerged since the slogan “screen to leaf” came to light as well as the revised curriculum for preschools in Sweden that comes into force on 1st July 2025. It uses an inductive thematic analysis to pinpoint further themes related to the constraints and challenges found in the teachers’ and leaders’ accounts of digital use. These themes included: the language skills of the teachers, the importance of the roles of the teachers’ and leaders’, skills for the future, and the potential implications that the revised curriculum may have on sustainability (economic, ecologic and social sustainability). The study contributes to giving a clear insight to factors that educators, policymakers and leaders alike need to understand and account for in this time of change
Automatic Identification of CropTypes from Satellite Images
No full textEffective identification of crop types plays a vital role in modern agricultural monitoring. Itenables more precise resource management, yield forecasting, and support for food securitystrategies. In this study, we integrate field boundary data provided by the Swedish AgricultureAgency with multi-source remote sensing data and machine learning to classify crop typesacross Sweden for multiple growing seasons.Using the Google Earth Engine (GEE) platform, we processed satellite imagery fromSentinel-1 (Synthetic Aperture Radar, SAR), Sentinel-2, and Landsat-8/9 to derive both optical(e.g., Normalized Difference Vegetation Index, NDVI) and radar-based features over a definedarea of interest. These features were aggregated into monthly and weekly composites to capturekey phenological stages of various crops. Field-level statistics were extracted and used to traina classifier, incorporating limited crop types present in the national dataset.This expanded methodology demonstrates the potential of combining official field parceldata with satellite-based Earth observation (EO) time series for efficient, scalable, and com-prehensive crop mapping across the entire country. This workflow offers a replicable and data-driven approach that supports sustainable agricultural practices and national-scale agriculturalmonitoring
Internal differences in quality culture: a comparison betweenhorizontally equivalent units within large manufacturing companies
No full textSyfte – Studien har sin grund i att en organisations kvalitetskultur har en direkt påverkan på dess framgång. Det presenteras även hur kvalitetskulturen och medarbetarskapet kan skilja mellan olika organisationsfunktioner, samt komplikationer som kan uppstå som följd. Vidare lyfts det att forskningen som bedrivits inom kvalitetskultur och intern samordning haft ett mer övergripande fokus, på organisationer som helhet och hur samordningen ser ut vertikalt. Det finns därför ett forskningsgap kring hur kvalitetskulturen i en organisation kan skilja sig mellan horisontellt placerade organisationsfunktioner. Syftet med denna studie är därmed: Att studera variationer i kvalitetskulturen mellan horisontellt likvärdiga enheter och att anpassa förbättringsåtgärder med målsättningen att uppnå en ökad enhetlighet i kvalitetskulturen. För att kunna uppfylla studiens syfte har två frågeställningar tagits fram. F. 1. Hur kan kvalitetskulturen skilja sig mellan horisontellt likvärdiga enheter inom stora tillverkande företag? F. 2. Hur bör variationen i kvalitetskultur minskas inom stora tillverkande företag? Metod – Studien har en abduktiv ansats, som är en kombination av induktion och deduktion. Studien är en fallstudie med enfallsdesign som har kombinerat kvantitativ- och kvalitativ datainsamling genom intervjuer och enkät. Intervjuerna har transkriberats och kodats i Nvivo. Resultat – Studien visade att kvalitetskulturen mellan två horisontellt likvärdiga enheter inom ett tillverkande företag kunde skilja sig markant. Gällande enheternas förhållning mot de sex hörnstenarna som utgör en kvalitetskultur uppvisade den ena ett mycket hindrande agerande, medan den andra enheten agerar stödjande. Även medarbetarnas förhållning mot medarbetarskap var motsatt i de båda enheterna. Detta innebär att endast en av enheterna har medarbetare som uppvisar en önskvärd nivå av aktivt deltagande. Implikationer – Denna studie visar variationen mellan horisontellt likvärdiga enheter inom en organisation och hur dessa kan identifieras med hjälp av teorier som hörnstensmodellen och mognadsbedömning. Genom att analysera beteende och upplevd viktighet på enhetsnivå blir det möjligt att kunna synliggöra de interna skillnader som annars kan förbises på organisationsnivå. Ur en praktisk synvinkel kan stora tillverkande företag tillämpa metoden som är en kombination av hörnstensbaserad enkät, Importance Perfomance Analysis och hörnstensbaserad mognadsbedömning. På så sätt synliggörs de kvalitetsvärderingar som anses vara prioriterade men ännu inte integrerat i förbättringsarbete. Avgränsningar – Studien har genomförts inom ramen för en specifik verksamhet. Då endast två organisatoriska enheter har analyserats representeras detta inte hela organisationens kvalitetskultur.Purpose – The study relies on the premise that an organization´s quality culture directly impacts its success. It also illustrates how quality culture and co-workership can differ between separate organizational functions, along with the complications that may arise as a result. Furthermore, it is presented that the existing research on quality culture and internal alignment has largely taken a broader perspective focusing on organizations through the lens of vertical alignment. This indicates a research-gap concerning how quality culture may differ between horizontally positioned functions within an organization. The study´s purpose is to examine variations in quality culture between horizontally equal organizational units and provide adapted improvement measures with the aim of achieving increased consistency in the organizational quality culture. The research questions are: RQ. 1. How can the quality culture differ between horizontally equivalent units within large manufacturing companies? RQ. 2. How should the variation in quality culture be reduced within large manufacturing companies? Method – The study adopts an abductive approach, which combines elements of both induction and deduction. It is designed as a single-case study and employs a mixed-methods strategy, integrating both quantitative and qualitative data collection through interviews and a survey. The interviews were transcribed and subsequently coded using Nvivo. Findings – The study showed that the quality culture between two horizontally equal units within a manufacturing company could differ significantly. Regarding their alignment with the six cornerstones that constitute quality culture, one unit exhibited highly obstructive behavior regarding quality culture, while the other demonstrated supportive behavior. Similarly, employees’ attitudes towards co-workership were opposite between the two units. This concludes that only one of the units has employees who demonstrate a desirable level of active participation. Implications – This study shows the variation between horizontal equivalent units within an organization and how these can be identified using theories such as the cornerstone model and maturity assessment. By analyzing behavior and perceived importance at the unit level, it becomes possible to make visible the internal differences that may otherwise be overlooked at the organizational level. From a practical point of view, large manufacturing companies can be applied as a combination of cornerstone-based survey, Importance Performance Analysis and maturity assessment. In this way, the quality assessments that are considered to be prioritized but not yet integrated into the improvement work are made visible. Limitations – The study has been conducted within the framework of a specific business. As only two organizational units have been analyzed, this does not represent the entire organization's quality culture
A Comparative Study on Precipitation Strengthened Co-based Superalloys for High Temperature Applications
No full textCobalt-based superalloys have the potential to replace conventional Ni-based superalloys thanks to their higher melting point and superior oxidation behaviour. Nevertheless, Co-9.2Al-9W alloy, the first Co-based superalloy with γ′-precipitations, has high density and is limited by a low γ′ solvus temperature compared to Ni-based superalloys. Therefore, there is a need for lighter and thermally more resistant Co-based superalloys. CALPHAD-based high-throughput computational screening (HTSC) facilitates the alloy development and phase characterisation process in multicomponent systems.Alloying elements such as Ti, Ni and V make it possible to increase the solvus temperature while decreasing the density of the alloy by substituting for W. However, uncontrolled usage of alloying elements may also result in TCP phasesand inhibit the precipitation strengthening mechanism. This study aims to realise comprehensive research on modelling Co-based superalloys and experimental investigations. With the help of HTCS using Thermo-Calc TCNI12 database, over 100,000 compositions were generated, and evaluated using a multifunctional desirability approach. Three alloys, Co-9Al-10Ni-8Ti-1V-1W, Co-9Al-10Ni-6Ti-5W and Co-10Al-10Ni-1Ti-8W were designed and produced with Co-9.2Al-9W as a reference alloy. Heat treatment of the designed alloys was carried out in two steps. In the first step, designed alloys were solutionised at 1250 °C for 2 hours and aged at 950 °C for 2 hours, followed by air cooling. After solutionizing in the first step, precipitates and secondary phases were detected in some alloys. Therefore, as a second step of heat treatment, these alloys were solutionised again at 1200 °C for 2 hours to dissolve these phases that formed during solutionizing in the first step and aged at 950 °C for 2 hours, followed by water-quenching. The reference alloy was heat-treated in a sequence of solutionizing at 1250 °C for 2 hours with air cooling andageing at 800 °C for 24 hours, followed by water-quenching. Microstructural analysis was conducted using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS) and wavelength dispersive spectrometry (WDS). Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) was performed to identify the phase transformation temperatures, and oxidation resistance of the alloys was tested by thermogravimetry analysis (TGA). The density of the alloys was measured by Archimedes' method, and the hardness of the alloys was tested using HV0.5. Analysis showed that the compositions with high Ti concentration elevated the solvus temperature up to 1100 °C, reducing the density by approximately 12% below the ternary reference. Solutionizing unexpectedly resulted in cubic-like precipitates and Al-rich secondary phases. Alloy Co-9Al-10Ni-6Ti-5W exhibited the best properties with the hardness of 374 HV, mass gain of 0.39% as an oxidation resistance, and a density of only 8.51 g/cm3. In contrast, the alloy with a relatively low W/V content did not precipitate γ′, with the lowest hardness value and obtained the highest oxidation rate