Publikationer från Högskolan i Jönköping
Not a member yet
26709 research outputs found
Sort by
Occupational therapists' work in suicide prevention for adolescents
No full textBakgrund: Suicid bland ungdomar ökar och är ett folkhälsoproblem i Sverige. Det finns begränsad evidens kring hur arbetsterapeuter arbetar med ungdomar som befinner sig i riskzonen. Syfte: Syftet med denna studie var att utforska arbetsterapeuters erfarenheter i det suicidpreventiva arbetet med ungdomar. Metod: En kvalitativ intervjustudie med semistrukturerade intervjuer genomfördes, där åtta intervjuer genomfördes och analyserades med hjälp av kvalitativ innehållsanalys. Deltagarna rekryterades genom bekvämlighetsurval, vilket kompletterades med snöbollsurval. Resultat: Tre huvudkategorier identifierades: arbetsterapeutens bidrag i det suicidpreventiva arbetet, begränsningar i arbetsterapeutens arbete och tvärprofessionellt samarbete. Arbetsterapeuter bidrog främst genom att främja struktur, aktivitetsbalans och meningsfullhet i vardagen men upplevde begränsat inflytande i det akuta skedet av suicid. Slutsats: Arbetsterapeuter har ett viktigt arbete i det suicidpreventiva arbetet, främst genom aktivitet fokuserade insatser. Deras kompetens är dock underutnyttjad i tvärprofessionella sammanhang. Implikationer: Det finns behov av att tydliggöra arbetsterapeutens arbete i suicidprevention, utveckla målgruppsanpassade metoder, vidareutbildningar och evidens för arbetsterapeuter om hur man arbetar med ungdomar i suicidrisk.Background: Suicide among adolescents is on the rise and is considered a public health issue in Sweden. There is limited evidence on how occupational therapists work with adolescents at risk and what their specific tasks are. Aim: The aim of this study was to explore occupational therapists' experiences of their work in suicide prevention work with adolescents. Method: A qualitative study with semi structured interviews was conducted, involving eight interviews that were analyzed using qualitative content analysis. Participants were recruited through convenience sampling, which was supplemented with snowball sampling. Results: Three main categories were identified: the occupational therapist’s contribution in suicide prevention, limitations in the occupational therapists work and interprofessional collaboration. Occupational therapists primarily contributed by promoting structure, activity balance, and meaningfulness in everyday life but experienced limited involvement in the acute phase of suicide prevention. Conclusions: Occupational therapists have an important work in suicide prevention, mainly through activity-based interventions. However, their competence is underutilized in interdisciplinary contexts. Implications: There is a need to clarify the occupational therapists work in suicide prevention, to develop methods tailored to the target group, and to further advance education and evidence for occupational therapists on how to work with adolescents at risk of suicide
Task-Adapting LLMs for Software Reliability : Enhancing Memory Leak Detection with External Knowledge Augmentation and Fine-Tuning in LLM
No full text Detecting memory leaks in C programs remains a persistent and critical challenge. It is particularly applicable in systems that rely on complex libraries such as GLib and GStreamer. These libraries introduce unique memory ownership patterns and lifecycle rules that traditional analysis tools often fail to interpret correctly. Static analysis tools may miss tiny leaks or generate False Positives (FP) due to limited contextual understanding. Dynamic tools like Valgrind are having significant runtime overhead and are not suitable for all development environments. To address these challenges, this thesis proposes a hybrid memory leak detection system that explores the capabilities of Large Language model (LLM). The system combines two key strategies. A Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA), a Parameter Efficient Fine- Tuning Technique (PEFT) that adapts the LLM using a small, task-specific dataset and Retrieval- Augmented Generation (RAG), which provides the model with external, domain-specific knowledge during inference. Together, these techniques allow the model to analyze memory safety both from learned examples and relevant documentation. An uncertainty scoring mechanism is also introduced to control the influence of LoRA based on how reliable the retrieved context is. If the external documentation is well-matched, the model relies more on it; if it is uncertain or incomplete, the model falls back on its fine-tuned knowledge. This adaptive approach helps to improve accuracy and reduces the risk of false predictions or hallucinations. The system was evaluated on a dataset of C code examples involving GLib and GStreamer. Comparative results show that the combination of LoRA and RAG, guided by uncertainty scoring, significantly outperforms baseline models in terms of accuracy, recall and precision. The proposed solution is not only lightweight and efficient but also explainable and suitable for integration into development workflows such as code reviews or Continuous Integration (CI)pipelines
“It’s your future we’re talking about” : A qualitative study on how science teachers teach sustainable development to promote student participation and meaningfulness.
No full textDen här studien undersöker hur NO-lärare i årskurs 4–6 planerar och genomför undervisning om hållbar utveckling, med fokus på att skapa meningsfullhet och delaktighet för elever. Studien undersöker även hur lärarnas egen beskrivning av sin undervisning går att relatera till de tre undervisningstraditionerna för hållbar utveckling. Studien har en kvalitativ ansats och bygger på semistrukturerade intervjuer med fem verksamma NO-lärare i årskurs 4–6. Resultaten visar att lärarna har en samstämmig syn på definitionen av begreppet hållbar utveckling, då de beskriver det som ett sätt att leva på som värnar om jordens resurser inför framtida generationer. Resultatet visar även på att lärarna sällan planerar undervisning om hållbar utveckling som ett eget moment, utan integrerar innehållet i andra kunskapsinnehåll i NO-undervisningen. Lärarna lyfter fram varierande arbetssätt som gynnsamt, som till exempel samtal och diskussioner, där elevernas egna tankar och åsikter kommer fram för att skapa delaktighet samt meningsfullhet. En gemensam vilja går att se hos lärarna då de alla önskar att de kunde avsätta mer tid och utrymme för undervisning om hållbar utveckling. I studiens slutsats framkommer även att lärarna uttryckte en önskan om mer tid till planering för undervisning om hållbar utveckling då de anser ämnet som högst aktuellt.
A longitudinal and qualitative exploration of the association between problematic smartphone use, sleep quality and depressive symptoms in nursing students
No full textIn the digital era, smartphones have deeply integrated into the lives of nursing students, reshaping daily routines and exerting potential impacts on their well-being. However, the intricate and inconsistent associations among smartphone use, sleep quality, and depressive symptoms necessitate in-depth longitudinal investigation, especially considering nursing students' future critical roles in healthcare. This thesis comprises two complementary studies. Study Ⅰ , a three-year longitudinal research initiated in 2018, involved 1,716 nursing freshmen from three Chinese public medical universities, while Study Ⅱ adopted a qualitative approach. Study Ⅰ was reported in three interconnected papers, each leveraging different phases of the longitudinal dataset. Paper Ⅰ (Baseline Analysis): Employing stratified cluster sampling, this paper evaluated the self - rated frequencies of 12 smartphone activities in the past week and measured depressive symptoms using the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). Among the sample, 83.0% (1,424) were female, with a mean age of 18.90±1.39 years. Principal component analysis (PCA) identified two distinct usage patterns: “entertainment pattern” and “communication pattern”. Logistic regression, controlling for socio-demographic and smartphone use covariates, revealed that the “ communication pattern” significantly increased the odds of moderate and above depressive symptoms (AOR = 1.529; 95% CI = 1.286–1.818; P < .001). Paper Ⅱ (Baseline - Extended Analysis): Also based on the baseline data, this paper explored the relationships among depressive symptoms, problematic smartphone use, and cumulative risk factors. By constructing a composite risk score through comprehensive assessment of individual, family, and social factors, it demonstrated that an increase in risk factors was significantly associated with higher depressive symptom scores (F = 322.229, df = 1, P < .001). Additionally, the combination of poor sleep quality and problematic smartphone use formed a high - risk cluster linked tomore severe depressive symptoms (P < .001). Paper Ⅲ (Longitudinal Trajectory Analysis): Utilizing group-based trajectory modelling (GBTM), this paper traced the three-year trajectories of depressive symptoms, problematic smartphone use, and sleep quality. Logistic regression analysis showed that persistent high levels of problematic smartphone use (OR = 50.15, 95% CI: 24.71–101.80, P < .001), poor sleep quality (OR = 5.59, 95% CI: 1.15–27.29, P < .05), and their co - occurrence (OR = 128.96, 95% CI: 43.80 – 379.69, P < .001) significantly influenced depressive symptom trajectories, with the co - occurrence having the most detrimental effect. In Study Ⅱ, Paper Ⅳ employed semi-structured focus-group interviews and inductive content analysis to explore nursing students’ experiences regarding smartphone use, sleep, and emotions. Four key themes emerged: 1) Narratives of loss of control at the fingertips: a spectrum of behaviors from identity transformation to everyday indulgence, 2) A virtual habitat in the palm of your hand: the smartphone as an extended space for emotion and cognition, 3) The double-edged sword effect of smartphone use: psychological tidal fluctuations and physiological load accumulation, and 4) The emotional black hole of late-night screens: the closed-loop devouring effect of smartphone - sleep - emotion. These themes vividly illustrated the complex interplay among smartphone use, sleep, and mental health. Collectively, these studies, progressing from cross-sectional baseline analysis to longitudinal trajectories and qualitative insights, systematically investigated the multifaceted relationships among smartphone use, sleep quality, and depressive symptoms in nursing students. The findings contribute to theoretical understanding and provide practical guidance fordeveloping targeted interventions to enhance nursing students' mental health
"Sometimes I almost think it's important to know that you're going to die"
No full textDenna kvalitativa intervjustudie undersöker hur gymnasieelever uttrycker och reflekterar kring existentiella frågor samt hur dessa uttryck kan förstås utifrån Anders Jeffner tredelade livsåskådningsmodell och Sven G. Hartmans begrepp handlingsberedskap. Intervjumaterialet analyseras utifrån fyra kategorier: Centrala värderingssystem, grundhållning, teoretiska övertygelser och handlingsberedskap. Resultatet påvisar att elever uttrycker en mångfacetterad och nyanserad förståelse kring existentiella frågor där återkommande teman i elevernas reflektion berör familj, relationer, närmiljö, självuppförverkligande och autonomi. Ytterligare återkommande teman i elevsvaren var oro inför framtiden, samhällsutvecklingen och världen. Elevernas sätt att reflektera antydde en hög medvetenhet och engagemang kring existentiella frågor. I analysen av elevernas utsagor framkom det att elevernas reflektioner inrymmer både stabila värderingar, djup reflektion och undran, nyfikenhet och oro där svaren varierade från att grunda sig på sekulära resonemang till religiösa resonemang till resonemang grundat på något däremellan. Eleverna gav även uttryck för att existentiella frågor är viktiga och av intresse men att skolan upplevs som bristfällig i att bemöta detta.This qualitative interview study investigates how students (age 18 to 19 years) express and reflect on existential questions, and how these expressions can be understood through Anders Jeffner’s three – part model of worldview and Sven G. Hartman’s concept of readiness of action. The student’s responses are analyzed based on four categories: central value system, basic attitudes, theoretical beliefs, and readiness of action. The results show that student express a multifaceted and nuanced understanding of existential questions. Recurring themes in their reflection include family, relations, social environment, self – realization and autonomy. Other frequently mentioned concerns involve uncertainty about the future, societal development, and global issues. The student’s way of reasoning reveals a high level of awareness and engagement in existential matters. The analysis demonstrates that their reflections encompass both stable values and deep contemplation, as well as curiosity and concern. The response varies from being rooted in secular reasoning to religious perspectives, or in positions somewhere in between. Moreover, students express that existential questions are of importance and of genuine interest to them, while also emphasizing that school is often perceived as lacking in addressing these matters
Gamified Religious Education : Autonomy, Competence and Relatedness in the Classroom
No full textThis study explores how gamification and game-based learning can be understood and justified within the context of religious education in Swedish upper secondary schools. With a focus on the revised subject syllabus for religious education (Gy25) and the Swedish national curriculum, the study investigates how these approaches can support student motivation, learning and engagement. The research is grounded in Self-Determination Theory (SDT), focusing on the psychological needs of autonomy, competence and relatedness. A qualitive document analysis was conducted, analysing curriculum texts and selected academic literature on gamification and game-based learning. The findings suggest that both gamification and game-based learning can stimulate students´ intrinsic motivation when well designed and aligned with pedagogical goals. Specific benefits include increased student autonomy, more engaging feedback mechanism and enhanced opportunities for collaboration. However, the study also highlights potential challenges, such as the risk of anxiety linked to competitive elements and the need to ensure that gamified activates do not compromise the depth of learning, particularly in a subject dealing with complex and sensitive topics like religion. The study contributes to the limited body of research on gamified religious education in a non-confessional Swedish context and offers didactic implications for teachers seeking to implement the methods in a meaningful way
Fractions in Primary Mathematics Textbooks : A Textbook Analysis Based on Common Student Misconceptions about Fractions
No full textFractions are considered a difficult area within mathematics, and the transition from whole numbers to fractions poses difficulties for many students. Previous research also shows that textbooks play a significant role in mathematics education and are therefore an important tool in teachers’ planning and implementation of instruction.The purpose of this study is to examine how different mathematics textbooks address numbers in fraction form. A total of three textbooks were analyzed using content analysis, with the aim of identifying which common misconceptions are addressed and how the textbooks provide opportunities for students to avoid these misconceptions. The results indicate that common misconceptions highlighted in previous mathematics education research are not given a prominent role in the textbooks. Specifically, the textbooks address misconceptions related to the meaning of the numerator and denominator, equal partitioning, and the relationship between fractions and whole numbers in an implicit manner. This implicit approach may limit students’ opportunities to develop a well-founded understanding of fractions. Notably, explicit explanations of the relationship between the numerator and the denominator are often absent, and students’ ability to independently divide wholes may be influenced by the structure of the tasks. Although the textbooks may attempt to provide conditions for students to avoid certain misconceptions, the findings suggest that teacher-led clarification of key concepts is crucial for student learning. The discussion highlights the teacher’s role from a sociocultural perspective, emphasizing the importance of the teacher actively compensating for the misconceptions that are only implicitly addressed in the textbooks.
Fantasy i engelskundervisningen : En intervjustudie om gymnasielärares erfarenheter av att använda fantasy och dess potential att främja skolans demokratiuppdrag
No full textThis study aims to examine how English teachers in upper secondary school utilize fantasy in the EFL classroom, and to what extent they use it to engage with the civic mission. The study was conducted through semi-structured interviews with eight upper secondary English teachers, all of whom have experience using fantasy in their teaching. The results were analyzed through the theoretical frameworks of defamiliarization, recognition, and transactional theory of reading. The results of this study show that the participants incorporated fantasy in various ways. All the teachers used fantasy literature, while six of the teachers also used fantasy films, TV series, or games. Four of the teachers incorporated fantasy in creative writing. Student interest, rich literary devices, and the promotion of creativity were found to be key motivating factors. The main challenge identified was the complexity of fantasy in terms of structure, language, and setting. Five of the teachers used fantasy to engage with the civic mission, either through discussion about democratic values or by contrasting and drawing parallels between our world and the fictional one. The study indicates that fantasy can serve as a valuable tool for examining societal structures, as we are confronted with them in an unfamiliar setting, which enables reflection on what we might not notice by observing our own world. For future research, it would be valuable to conduct large-scale, teacher-centered studies that explore teachers’ perceptions of using fantasy in the classroom, as well as the challenges they may encounter.
The Profitability of Momentum Strategy In Sweden : An Analysis for Small and Big Stocks
No full textMomentum investing, buying past winners and selling past losers, has long challenged the Efficient Market Hypothesis. This study uses an intermediate past return strategy to investigate whether such momentum strategies remain effective in the Swedish stock market by analysing the performance of small and big stocks. Building on prior literature, including studies by Jegadeesh and Titman (1993) and Novy-Marx (2012), the study examines whether past stock performance over a 12-to-7-month period can predict future one-month returns. The analysis reveals a reversal pattern in small stocks, where past winners significantly underperform. In contrast, big stock winners deliver strong positive returns over the period, though overall momentum profits are insignificant due to the strong performance of the loser portfolio. Hence, both zero-cost portfolios (WML) underperformed during the sample period. These findings contrast with earlier research documenting positive momentum profits and suggest that firm size has a critical role in momentum effectiveness. The study contributes to the existing literature by providing updated evidence from the Swedish market and offers practical insights for retail investors seeking to apply momentum strategies
Family vs. Non-Family Firms: Hedging Foreign Exchange Risk with Derivatives
No full textEffective risk management, particularly through the use of derivatives, is crucial for mitigating the heightened foreign exchange (FX) risk faced by firms in export-driven economies such as Sweden. Derivatives offer a cost-efficient tool to reduce overall risk exposure, and in economies characterized by high ownership concentration, the role of family ownership in shaping hedging decisions warrants close examination. While previous research offers mixed findings regarding the influence of family ownership on hedging strategies, limited attention has been given to whether family versus non-family firms, especially within the Swedish environment, differ in their use of FX derivatives. This study investigates whether family ownership has a significant influence on firms’ engagement in currency derivative hedging against FX risk. The empirical findings suggest that family ownership does not influence hedging behavior. Instead, hedging via FX derivatives appears to be more closely related to firm-specific characteristics