Publikationer från Örebro universitet
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“You Must Have This” : A multimodal discourse analysis of Swedish influencers' use of emotion, beauty, and persuasion in TikTok Content
No full textThis study examines how affective and persuasive discourse is constructed through sponsored TikTok videos by Swedish beauty influencers. Using a multimodal discourse analysis, grounded in affect and rhetorical theory, it analyzes how language, sound, body language, and visual cues work together to shape discourses around beauty norms, emotional intensity, and self-optimization. Five influencers were selected based on criteria such as follower count, target audience, and a clear focus on content related to beauty and self-optimization. A total of twenty-five sponsored videos were analyzed, focusing on how affect is constructed and circulates through different semiotic resources. The analysis identified recurring strategies such as tone of voice, storytelling, and visual framing, which together create closeness, urgency, and normative expectations. The results show that influencers often combine ethos and pathos to build trust and emotional connection. Some influencers rely on strong emotional engagement and bodily display, while others convey trust through storytelling, vulnerability, and creativity. The discourse of self-optimization emerges as a central theme, framing consumption and self-care as moral responsibilities. This study contributes to previous research by offering a theory-based, in-depth understanding of how affective and persuasive meaning is constructed in short-form video content. It highlights how TikTok beauty influencers act as affective agents who shape discourses around identity, responsibility, and admiration
Optimering för justering av borrplaner i underjordsgruvor
No full textThis thesis presents a system that automatically adjusts drill plans in underground mining when planed drill holes are placed in forbidden areas. These areas are places where drilling is not possible due to bolts, uneven surfaces, or other obstacles. Today, operators have to manually adjust these holes in the field, which can be time consuming and lead to inconsistent results. The goal of this project is to reduce the need for manual corrections by automatically updating the drill plan during real operations. The system is based on sequential optimization and uses the SLSQP method to adjust the positions of the drill holes while following specific constraints. Each type of hole, such as the first contour, second countor, bottom, cut, and easer holes, is optimized separately and in a specific order. If one of the optimization steps fails to find a valid solution, fallback strategies are used. The system was tested using scenarios based on real shapes and sizes of forbidden areas and was compared with manual adjustments made by an experienced operator. In many cases, the optimizer gave similar or even better results. The optimization method chosen, SLSQP, was compared to another method, showing that SLSQP had better performance and higher success rate. This project supports more efficient drilling and more consistent results by reducing the dependence on manual adjustments in underground drilling.Detta examensarbete presenterar ett system som automatisk justerar borrplaner i underjordsgruvor när planerade borrhåll hamnar i förbjudna områden. Dessa områden är platser där borrning inte är möjlig på grund av exempelvis bultar, ojämna ytor eller andra hinder. Idag måste operatörer justera dessa hål manuellt ute i fält, vilket kan vara tidskrävande och leda till varierande resultat beroende på operatörens erfarenhet och bedömning. Målet med projektet är att minska behovet av manuella korrigeringar genom att automatisk uppdatera borrplanen under verkliga borrningsförhållanden. Systemet bygger på sekventiell optimiering och använder SLSQP metoden för att justera borrhålens positioner med hänsyn till specifika begränsningar. Varje typ av borrhåll såsom första kontur, andra kontur, bottenhål, cut hål och easer hål optimeras separat och i en bestämd ordning. Om något av optimeringsstegen misslyckas med att hitta en giltig lösning används fallback strategier. Systemet testades med scenarier baserade på verkliga former och storlekar av förbjudna områden och jämfördes med manuella justeringar utförda av en erfaren operatör. I många fall gav optimeraren likvärdiga eller till och med bättre resultat. Den valda optimieringsmetoden, SLSQP, jämfördes även med en annan metod, där det visade sig att SLSQP gav bättre prestanda och högre lyckandefrekvens. Detta projekt bidrar till effektivare borrning och mer enhetliga resultat genom att minska beroendet av manuella justeringar i underjordsborrning
Pedagogiska verktyg för interprofessionellt lärande i klinisk handledarutbildning : en ny kurs vid Örebro universitet
No full textVåren 2024 fick handledare vid Örebro universitet och Region Örebro län i uppdrag att skapa en ny högskolepoänggivande kurs i klinisk handledning, som sedan startade under höstterminen 2024. Kursens målgrupp är kliniker inom vårdprofessioner som utbildar studenter på grund- och avancerad nivå vid Örebro universitet, eller utbildar ST-läkare. Förutom att ge färdigheter och förmågor inom klinisk handledning så syftar kursen också till att stärka deltagarnas interprofessionella handledarskap. Exempel på pedagogiska verktyg som används i syfte att stärka det interprofessionella handledarskapet är: Lärare från olika professioner samverkar med varandra under varje undervisningsmoment.Lärare från flera vårdprofessioner är representerade.Kursen utnyttjar kliniska erfarenheter inom respektive profession men undervisningen innehåll är generellt för klinisk handledning.Deltagare från olika professioner blandas i grupparbeten och i rummet.Vid bikupor lyfts erfarenheter från olika professioner fram och deltagarna besvarar frågor utifrån respektive profession.En vetenskaplig artikel om interprofessionell handledning inläses som förberedelse, med reflektioner kring hur deltagarna bäst kan samverka interprofessionellt.Den här postern visar hur vi lärare har använt olika verktyg för att lyfta fram visionen om att stärka ett interprofessionellt handledarskap utan att kompromissa med kursens övriga mål. Vi tror att interprofessionella aspekter på handledningsfrågor är särskilt viktiga när kurser ges med deltagare från olika vårdprofessioner och där en del av kursens pedagogik syftar till att reflektera kring och dela med sig av sina egna professionserfarenheter i handledarskapet
General disease factor : evidence of a unifying dimension across mental and physical illness in children and adolescents.
No full textBACKGROUND: Understanding the relationship between mental and physical health conditions is crucial for developing comprehensive healthcare strategies. The putative existence of a general disease factor (d-factor) that underlies the vulnerability to both physical and mental conditions could have important implications for our approach to health assessment and treatment. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the presence and characteristics of a general d-factor in children and adolescents. METHODS: This Swedish registry-based cross-sectional study included children and adolescents born between 1996 and 2003 with follow-up until 2013. We extracted data on 25 mental and physical health conditions according to the ICD-10 system. To determine the optimal dimensional structure of these conditions, several competing measurement models were tested, including correlated factors, one factor, various bifactor specifications and bifactor exploratory structural equation modelling (ESEM). FINDINGS: The study cohort included 776 667 individuals (mean age 13.96 years, IQR=11.96-16.04; 51% male). The bifactor ESEM model, including a general d-factor and specific mental and physical health factors, provided the best fit to the data compared to alternative models (Comparative Fit Index=0.971, Tucker-Lewis Index=0.962, root mean square error of approximation=0.007 (0.007-0.007)). The d-factor accounted for substantial variance (ωh=0.582, explained common variance (ECV)=0.498), while specific mental (ωhs=0.377, ECV=0.373) and physical (ωhs=0.423; ECV=0.130) factors also indicated additional significant unique contributions. CONCLUSIONS: This study provided evidence for a multidimensional structure of health in children and adolescents, characterised by a general d-factor underlying both mental and physical conditions, alongside distinct domain-specific factors. These findings have important implications for clinical practice, providing evidence that suggests the need for more integrated approaches to health assessment and treatment that consider the interconnectedness of mental and physical health
Municipal chief nurses’ responsibilities and decision-making to ensure patient safety in municipal healthcare : a qualitative descriptive study
No full textBackground: The structure and organisation of Swedish municipal healthcare has been criticised for being fragmented and inefficient. Municipal chief nurses hold overall responsibility for patient safety within municipal healthcare, yet they lack authority over finances and staffing. Their role and responsibilities have not been examined in previous studies. The aim of this study was therefore to explore municipal chief nurses' experiences of obstacles and possibilities in decision-making to ensure patient safety in municipal healthcare. Methods: A qualitative descriptive design was used. Data were collected through 15 individual semi-structured interviews with municipal chief nurses, and the results were analysed via qualitative content analysis. Results: The data analysis yielded an overall theme: Navigating decision-making to ensure patient safety. This overall theme comprised three underlying categories: Unclear role and understanding of the assignment; Impact of organisational level on decision-making mandate; and Knowledge, competence, and experience in patient safety work. Conclusion: There was a lack of clarity regarding the municipal chief nurses' assignments in the municipal healthcare organisation. The participants felt that their organisations had insufficient knowledge of healthcare, and it became evident that organisational placement and their own competence affected their decision-making regarding healthcare and patient safety. Some noted that the organisation's shortcomings could be advantageous, providing them with a scope for action. Consequently, the informants had to navigate in the system and find alternative ways to ensure patient safety. Clinical trial registration: Not applicable
Komposition som verktyg för inkludering i gruppundervisning i elgitarr
No full textSyftet med studien är att pröva och undersöka hur en skulle kunna jobba med komposition i gruppundervisning i elgitarr för att inkludera individen och främja trygghetsskapande. Studiens frågeställningar är: -Hur kan en jobba med komposition i grupp så att alla ges utrymme till att medverka? -Hur kan en jobba med komposition så att alla känner sig trygga? Utifrån syftet och frågeställningarna har två kompositionsmoment genomförts med fyra deltagare. Studien har en kvalitativ ansats och halvstrukturerade intervjuer har gjorts efter båda kompositionsmomenten. Resultatet visar att roller och ramar ökar deltagandet i kompositionsmoment. Att jag-kan-känslan är viktig för medverkande och trygghet samt att ett kompositionsmoment utan mästar-lärlingtradition kan bidra till ett fördelat musikaliskt utrymme i gruppundervisning
Can Behavioral Responses to PFAS Exposure be Usedas a Sensitive Tool in Risk Assessment?
No full textPer- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a large group of synthetic chemicals found globally as contaminants in the environment, food, drinking water and in human bodies and wildlife. PFAS are bioaccumulating in the body, and high exposure to PFAS substances have been linked to health effects such as thyroid, liver, kidney and cardiovascular diseases and cancer. Both epidemiological studies and experiments on laboratory animals have also repeatedly linked low concentrations of PFAS to negative effects on the immune system and response to vaccination. This prompted the European Food Safety Authority, Efsa, in 2020 to establish a tolerable weekly intake of certain PFAS substances. EU has also significantly lowered levels allowed in drinking water to concentrations assumed to protect the public from adverse effects from exposure. This literature-based study examines effects of PFAS on the behavior of humans and animals, based on the hypothesis that behavioral alterations may occur as lower concentrations than the immunological effects that the regulatory measures are based on. Epidemiological evidence suggesting that children are at higher risk of exposure to elevated PFAS concentrations both prenatally and postnatally during critical periods of brain development. This study also aimed to investigate whether behavior and identification of the mechanisms behind behavioral alterations, can serve as sensitive indicators of low-concentration adverse neurotoxic effects, to aid in risk assessment. In conclusion, data on the effects of low-level PFAS exposure are limited, making it difficult to identify the concentration thresholds at which behavioral changes may occur. More studies are needed to assess the impacts of low-dose exposure to individual PFAS and mixtures, and to clarify the mechanisms by which they affect the developing and adult brain
Är global longitudinal strain associerad med trötthet hos kvinnor efter takotsubosyndrom? En delstudie till SMINC-2
No full textBackground Takotsubo syndrome (TS) is an acute heart failure syndrome, and most affected are adult women with an increased share of preceding psychological triggers. Symptoms at recovery, such as fatigue, are reported to decrease quality of life. However, it is unclear if physiology at presentation is associated with fatigue outcome at recovery. Aim This substudy evaluated the relationship between baseline left heart deformation parameters and the self-reported fatigue at 6 and 12 months, in women. Method The substudy evaluated TS subjects from the prospective cohort study, the Stockholm Myocardial Infarction with Normal Coronaries 2 (SMINC-2). Global longitudinal strain (GLS), left atrial strain (LAS), and self-reported questionnaire, Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory of 20 items (MFI-20), were tested for association by Spearman's rank correlation analysis. All data were measured at baseline, 6 months and 12 months. Results The substudy showed statistically significant associations between left atrial strain conduit (LAScd), left atrial reservoir strain (LASr) and mental fatigue dimensions (rho -0.54, p<0.01; rho 0.48, p=0.01) respectively, at six months. In addition, moderate statistically significant associations were found between LAScd and physical fatigue (rho -0.37, p=0.04), reduced motivation (rho -0.4, p=0.03), and total fatigue scores (rho -0.41, p=0.03). Conclusion These findings suggest that left atrial strain may have a role in assessing the risk of long-term mental fatigue after TS. Integrating LAS assessment early at baseline might prove helpful in larger and prospective studies to identify individuals at risk of prolonged fatigue during recovery
Fotbollskultur - mer än bara våld och fylla? : En kvalitativ intervjustudie om gemenskap hos fotbollssupportrar
No full textFootball is the world’s largest sport, attracting a vast number of supporters globally. Supporter culture is often portrayed in a negative light, and therefore the aim of this study is to explore the positive dimensions of supporters' sense of community. Key research questions include: how people become socialized into the football community, what meaning this community provides in the lives of supporters, and how women are included in the supporter community. Previous research on becoming a supporter and the connection between football, place, and identity has shown a strong sense of community within football, and that football is often closely tied to the local area. This study is based on semi-structured interviews with supporters of Degerfors IF. The study concludes that most participants were introduced to football culture at an early age, and that the sense of community within football is of great importance to the supporters. The study also shows that the connection between football, the town, and its residents is strong and contributes to local football engagement.Fotboll är världens största sport, vilket medför ett stort antal supportrar världen över. Supporterkulturen framstår ofta som negativ, därför är syftet i den här studien att undersöka positiva aspekter av supportrars gemenskap. Centrala frågor i studien är hur människor insocialiseras till fotbollsgemenskapen, vilken mening gemenskapen skapar i supportrarnas liv och hur kvinnor inkluderas i supportergemenskapen. Tidigare forskning om hur man blir en supporter och koppling mellan fotboll, plats och identitet har visat på en stark gemenskap inom fotbollen och att fotboll ofta har en tydlig koppling till platsen. Denna studie är baserad på semi-strukturerade intervjuer av supportrar till Degerfors IF. Studien kommer fram till att de flesta tidigt socialiseras in i fotbollskulturen och att gemenskapen är viktig. Studien visar även att kopplingen mellan fotbollen, orten och invånarna i kommunen är stark och bidrar till invånarnas fotbollsengagemang
Whole blood DNA extraction using three methods and concentration measuring using a new fluorometry kit.Comparisons of quantity and quality of extraction methods and comparison of measuring methods.
No full textDNA-extraktion är det första steget inför genetiska analyser. Det går ut på lysering av vävnad för att sedan utvinna rent DNA. I blod går det att utvinna humant DNA från lymfocyterna. Syftet med arbetet är att validera två nya DNA-extraktionsmetoder och en ny DNA-koncentrationsmätning. DNA-extraktionmetoderna ska implementeras på avdelningen som reserv/alternativa metoder till QIAsymphony. DNA-koncentrationmätningen är menat att byta ut den tidigare metoden Qubit. I studien extraherades DNA från 20 st pooler bestående av humant helblod med tre olika extraktionsmetoder. Det användes en mL helblod med QIAsymphony DSP DNA Midi Kit och QIAamp DNA blood midi kit (spin protocol) och 350 μL för EZ1&2 DNA Blood 350 μl Kit (48). Efter extrahering kvantifierades DNA-koncentrationen med spektrofotometri och två olika fluorometrimetoder, Qubit-kitet och DeNovix-kitet. Sedan mättes också det kvalitativa värdet med spektrofotometri och gelelektrofores. Resultaten visade att EZ2 och QIAamp gav högre DNA-koncentrationer och DNA bestod av en högre kvalitet än QIAsymphony. DeNovix-kitet visade högre koncentrationer jämfört med Qubit-kitet. Slutsatsen av studien är att de två nya extraktionsmetoderna går att implementera på avdelningen som reserv/alternativa metoder och DeNovix-kitet kan ersätta Qubit-kitet.DNA extraction is the first step before genetic analyses. It involves the lysis of tissue to extract DNA. In human blood, DNA can be extracted from lymphocytes. The aim is to validate two new DNA extraction methods and a new DNA concentration measurement. The DNA extraction methods are to be implemented in the department as backup/alternative methods to QIAsymphony. The DNA concentration measurement will replace the previous method Qubit. In the study, DNA was extracted from 20 pools of human whole blood using three extraction methods. One mL whole blood was used with QIAsymphony DSP DNA Midi Kit and QIAamp DNA blood midi kit (spin protocol) while 350 μL with EZ1&2 DNA Blood 350 μl Kit (48). After extraction, the DNA was quantified using spectrophotometry and two fluorometric methods, the Qubit-kit and the DeNovix-kit. The qualitative value was measured using spectrophotometry and gel electrophoresis. The results showed that EZ2 and QIAamp produced higher DNA concentrations and DNA was of a higher quality than QIAsymphony. The DeNovix-kit showed higher concentrations compared to the Qubit-kit. Conclusion: the two new extraction methods can be implemented in the department as reserve/alternative methods and the DeNovix-kit can replace the Qubit-kit