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Comparative Analysis of the Technical and Exploitation Features of Internal and External Engines
No full textMotor je stroj koji pretvara neki oblik energije u mehanički rad. Motori s
unutarnjim ili vanjskim izgaranjem su toplinski strojevi u kojima se kemijska energija
goriva pretvara u mehanički rad.
U ovome završnom radu, osim pretvaranje energije iz jednog oblika u drugi,
proučene su i analizirane konstrukcijske, tehničke i eksploatacijske značajke i razlike
motora s vanjskim i unutarnjim izgaranjem. Budući da su u svijetu najzastupljeniji motori
s unutarnjim izgaranjem, oni su detaljnije istraženi i proučeni.
Konstrukcijski, motori s unutarnjim izgaranjem dijele se na dizelske i Otto-motore.
S obzirom na način rada dijele se na dvotaktne i četverotaktne. Osim navedenih, postoje i
druge podjele motora koje nisu u fokusu ovoga završnog rada. Npr., u posljednje vrijeme u
cestovnom prometu za pogon automobila izgrađuju se električni motori i hibridna cestovna
vozila (kombinacija motora s unutarnjim izgaranjem i elektromotora) itd.
Glavni dijelovi motora s unutarnjim izgaranjem su ventili, klipna skupina,
koljenasto vratilo, ležajevi, glava i blok motora, cilindar i korito motora. Uređaji koji
omogućuju normalan rad motora su uređaj za paljenje, razvodni mehanizam, sustav za
gorivo, sustav za podmazivanje, rashladni sustav, usisni i ispušni sustav.
Rad Otto-motora načelno se odvija tako da se u cilindar usisa lako zapaljiva smjesa
goriva i zraka pripremljena u rasplinjaču ili se gorivo ubrizgava izravno. U cilindru se ta
smjesa komprimira i na kraju kompresijskog takta pali električnom iskrom, pomoću
svjećice neposredno prije nego što klip dođe u gornju mrtvu točku. Ventili su zatvoreni,
dolazi do naglog povećanja tlaka i temperature, klip ide prema dolje, energija se iz
kompresijskog prostora preko klipa i klipnjače prenosi na odnosno to je radni takt motora.
Dizelski motor najprije usisava, a zatim komprimira zrak u cilindru motora.
Povećanjem tlaka, u kompresijskom prostoru cilindra povećava se i temperatura.
Neposredno prije dolaska čela klipa do gornje mrtve točke, brizgaljka ubrizgava gorivo u
cilindar pod visokim tlakom u raspršenom stanju u obliku fine magle pa u smjesi dolazi do
samozapaljenje. Zbog visokoga kompresijskog stupnja, se kao i kod Otto-motora u
cilindru stvara veliki tlak i pomiče klip prema dolje. Energija se s klipa prenosi na
klipnjaču, koljenasto vratilo, zamajac, spojku, mjenjač i na kraju na pogonske kotače.An engine is a machine that converts some form of energy into mechanical work.
Internal or external combustion engines are thermal machines in which the chemical
energy of a fuel is converted into mechanical operation.
In this final paper, in addition to converting energy from one form to another, the
design, technical and operational characteristics and differences of the internal and external
combustion engines were studied and analyzed. As the world's most common internal
combustion engines, they have been thoroughly researched and studied.
Structurally, internal combustion engines are divided into diesel and Otto engines.
Given the mode of operation, they are divided into two-stroke and four-stroke. In addition
to the above, there are other engine subdivisions that are not the focus of this final paper.
For example, lately, electric motors and hybrid road vehicles (a combination of internal
combustion engines and electric motors) have been built to drive cars.
The main parts of the internal combustion engine are valves, piston group,
crankshaft, bearings, cylinder head and block, cylinder and engine pan. Devices that allow
the engine to run normally are the ignition device, the timing mechanism, the fuel system,
the lubrication system, the cooling system, the intake and exhaust systems.
The operation of the Otto engine is in principle such that a mixture of fuel and air
prepared in the carburettor is easily combustible into the intake cylinder or the fuel is
injected directly. In the cylinder, this mixture is compressed and at the end of the
compression stroke is ignited by an electric spark, using a spark plug just before the piston
reaches the upper dead center. The valves are closed, there is a sudden increase in pressure
and temperature, the piston goes down, the energy is transferred from the compression
space via the piston and the piston rod to, that is, the engine clock speed.
The diesel engine first sucks and then compresses the air in the engine cylinder. By
increasing the pressure, the temperature in the cylinder compression space also increases.
Immediately prior to the arrival of the piston forehead to the upper dead point, the injector
injects the fuel into a high-pressure, high-pressure, spray mist in a fine mist, resulting in
self-ignition. Due to the high compression ratio, as with the Otto engine, high pressure is
created in the cylinder and the piston moves downward. Energy is transferred from the
piston to the piston rod, crankshaft, flywheel, clutch, transmission and finally to the drive
wheels
Technological operations of internal transport
No full textIzučavanje tehnologija i organizacije unutarnjih skladišnih procesa kao procesa stvaranja
specifičnih oblika vrijednosti uz pretvaranje ulaznih elemenata u specifičan proizvod ili
uslugu sa aspekta transporta, zahtjeva specijalizaciju aktivnosti i znanja, uvođenjem
tehnoloških i organizacijskih inovacija, operativnog planiranja, informacijskih,
komunikacijskih tehnika i integraciju pratećih tehničkih i administrativnih poslova, ubrzanu
komercijalizaciju i distribuciju i dr. što ukazuje da transport ima primarnu ulogu u rješavanju
svakodnevnih operativnih zadataka usklađivanja proizvodnje sa tokovima dopreme i otpreme
materijala uz minimalne troškove poslovanja. U praksi, obim poslova unutarnjeg transporta o
oko njega, obuhvaća izuzetno veliki skup međusobnih aktivnosti, čak i onda kada je riječ o
djelatnostima izvan samog skladišta ili proizvodnog objekta. Unutarnji transport postoji u:
robnim terminalima, građevinarstvu, rudarstvu, energetici, vojsci, trgovini (kod
komisioniranja, pakovanja, pripreme za isporuku), ugostiteljstvu (menze u fabrikama i
studentskim domovima) i na svim onim organizacijskim cjelinama i/ili sustavima gdje ima
potreba za usklađivanjem kretanja ljudi i bilo koje vrste materijala ili proizvoda.The study of technologies and organization of internal storage processes as a process of
creating specific forms of value by transforming input elements into a specific product or
service from the aspect of transport, requires specialization of activities and knowledge,
introduction of technological and organizational innovations, operational planning,
information and communication techniques and integration of supporting technical and
administrative transactions, accelerated commercialization and distribution, etc., which
indicates that transport plays a primary role in solving the day-to-day operational tasks of
aligning production with goods in and goods out op at minimal operating costs. In practice,
the scope of internal transport operations around it involves an extremely large set of
activities, even when it comes to activities outside the warehouse itself or the production
facility. Internal transport exists in: commodity terminals, construction, mining, energy,
military, trade (commissioning, packaging, delivery preparation), catering (factory and
student dormitories) and all those organizational units and / or systems where there is a need
to synchronize the movement of people and any kind of material or product
Economic and social preconditions of establishment and successful company operation
No full textKako bi se realizirao neki poduzetnički pothvat, poduzetnik mora uložiti određeni
kapital i resurse te preuzeti rizik s ciljem ostvarenja dobiti. Tijekom same realizacije
poduzetničkog procesa, poduzetnik mora imat na umu da se nalazi pod utjecaje minterakcije
vanjskog i unutarnjeg okruženja poduzeća koje formira poduzetničku klimu. Vanjsko
okruženje je ono koje se nalazi izvan poduzeća te je izrazito turbulentno i dinamično dok je
unutarnje okruženje ono koje se nalazi unutar samog poduzeća te poduzetnik odnosno
menadžment može na njega utjecati svojim aktivnostima i djelovanjem. Sve preduvjete
poslovanja moguće je klasificirati na gospodarske i društvene. Uvanjske
, gospodarske
preduvjete ubrajaju se potrebe tržišta, postojanje i dostupnost resursa, tehnološko okruženje i
međunarodna okolina,auunutarnje predmet poslovanja poduzeća, kapital i sredstva za rad,
veličina poduzeća i lokacija. Među društvene preduvjete moguće je ubrojiti političko
okruženje, ekonomsko okruženje, pravno okruženje i kulturno okruženje. Značajnu ulogu u
pokretanju, ali i širenju poslovanja imaju potporne institucije koje potiču razvoj
poduzetništva. Poduzetnici ovisno o svojim djelatnostima pomoć prilikom pokretanja ili
proširenja svojih poduzetničkih ideja
mogu potražiti u sklopu poduzetničkih
centara,
poduzetničkih inkubatora i regionalnih razvojnih agencija ili mogu poslovati po povoljnijim
uvjetima na području slobodnih zona ili koristiti infrastrukturu koju ima pružaju poslovne
zone. Isto tako, pomoć poduzetnicima pružaju različite potporne institucije koje djeluju na
nacionalnim razinama čiji je cilj promocija poduzetništva. Poduzetnik uspješnost svog
poslovanja može pratiti kroz različite statičke i dinamičke metode ocjene uspješnosti
poslovanja.In order to realize an entrepreneurial venture, an entrepreneur must invest some
capital, resources and take risks in order to make a profit. During the realization of the
entrepreneurial process, the entrepreneur must bear in mind that he / she is influenced by the
interaction of the external and internal environment of the enterprise forming the
entrepreneurial climate. The external environment is the one outside the company and is
extremely turbulent and dynamic, while the internal environment is one inside the company
the entrepreneur or the management can influence on by their activities and actions. All
business prerequisites can be classified into economic and social. External economic
prerequisites include market needs, the existence and availability of resources, the
technological environment and the international environment, and the internal subject matter
of business, capital and means of labor and size of enterprises and locations. The social
prerequisites include the political, economical, legal and cultural environments. Supporting
institutions that encourage the development of entrepreneurship play a significant role in
starting and expanding a business. Depending on their activities, entrepreneurs can seek help
in starting or expanding their entrepreneurial ideas within entrepreneurial centers,
entrepreneurial incubators and regional development agencies, or may operate under more
favorable conditions in free zones or use the infrastructure provided by business zones.
Similarly, assistance to entrepreneurs is provided by various supportive institutions operating
at a national level aimed at promoting entrepreneurship. An entrepreneur can monitor the
performance of his business through various static and dynamic methods of performance
evaluation
Organization and jurisdiction of the units of local self-government uising the town of Senj as example
No full textUstavom se građanima jamči pravo na lokalnu i područnu (regionalnu) samoupravu, te je taj sustav uveden u Republiku Hrvatsku 1990. godine. Jedinice lokalne i regionalne uprave su općine/gradovi i županije. Jedinice lokalne i regionalne samouprave su pravne osobe. Lokalna samouprava u samostalnoj Republici Hrvatskoj razvijala se kroz tri faze. Godine 2009. ukinuta su županijska poglavarstva kao kolegijalna izvršna tijela u svim jedinicama, a umjesto njih građani neposredno biraju općinske načelnike, gradonačelnike i župane, te izvršnu vlast. Grad Senj staro je naselje utemeljeno pred više od 3000 godina na brdu Kuk, istočno od današnjeg Senja. Grad Senj je jedinica lokalne samouprave na području utvrđenom Zakonom o područjima županija, gradova i općina u Republici Hrvatskoj i pravna je osoba. Područje Grada Senja utvrđeno je Zakonom, a granice područja idu rubnim granicama katastarskih općina Krivi Put, Melnice, Krasno, Stinica, Jablanac, Prizna, Starigrad, Klada, Sveti Juraj, Senj i dijelovima katastarskih općina Hrvatsko polje i Krmpote. Tijela Grada Senja su Gradsko vijeće i Gradonačelnik. Gradsko vijeće je predstavničko tijelo građana i tijelo lokalne samouprave koje donosi odluke i akte u okviru prava i dužnosti Grada, te obavlja i druge poslove u skladu sa Ustavom, zakonom i Statutom. Gradonačelnik je odgovoran za ustavnost i zakonitost obavljanja poslova koji su u njegovom djelokrugu i za ustavnost i zakonitost akata upravnih tijela Grada. U okviru samoupravnog djelokruga Grad Senj osigurava obavljanje javnih službi koje zadovoljavaju svakodnevne potrebe građana na području komunalnih, gospodarskih i društvenih djelatnosti. Grad Senj broji 11 mjesnih odbora. U Jedinstvenom upravnom odjelu obavljaju se upravni, stručni i drugi poslovi iz njegova samoupravnog djelokruga te upravni, stručni i drugi poslovi državne uprave sukladno zakonu i drugim propisima, Statutu Grada Senja, odlukama Gradskog vijeća i Gradonačelnika. Njime rukovodi pročelnik koji za svoj rad odgovara Gradonačelniku Grada Senja.According to the Constitution of the Republic of Croatia, citizens shall be guaranteed the right to local and regional self-government. In the Republic of Croatia that system was established in 1990. Units of local and regional self-government are municipalities, towns and counties. Units of local self-government are legal entities. Local self-government in the Republic of Croatia was developing in three phases. In 2009 county governments, as collegial executive bodies were abolished in all , and citizens directly elect their municipality chiefs, mayors and county prefects as well as executive government. Senj is an old settlement established over 3000 years ago on Kuk, a hill east of present town of Senj. Senj is a unit of local self-government in the area determined by County, municipality and town area act and it is a legal entity. Borders of the town of Senj area are outer borders of cadastral municipalities of Krivi Put, Melnice, Krasno, Stinica, Jablanac, Prizna, Starigrad, Klada, Sveti Juraj, Senj and parts of borders of cadastral municipalities Hrvatsko polje end Krmpote. Government authorities of the town of Senj are the town council and the mayor. A town council is a representative body of the people and local self-government body and is vested with executive power proportional to it’s authorities provided for by the Constitution and law. A mayor is responsible for legality and constitutionality of actions within his jurisdiction and acts of the governing bodies. Within self-government jurisdiction Senj provides public services in utilities, economic and social sector. Senj has 11 local community councils. The administrative department conducts actions within local self-government jurisdiction and to it’s authorities provided for by law and town’s statute and acts. Head of the administrative department is reponsible to the mayor
Management within the economic activity of associations in the Republic of Croatia
No full textMenadžment je, svakako, jedna od najvažnijih ljudskih aktivnosti. To je aktivnost usmjerena prema koordinaciji radova svakog pojedinca unutar organizacije i upravo u tome leži njena vrijednost kao posebnog procesa koji omogućava održivost svake organizacije, posebice unutar civilnog društva. Budući da je djelatnost udruga kao najbrojnijih organizacija civilnog društva od velikog značaja za treći sektor, potrebno je naglasiti da gospodarska djelatnost također uvelike ovisi o kvalitetnim, menadžerskim aktivnostima. Gospodarska djelatnost, na koju udruge imaju legitimno pravo, je jedan od načina ostvarivanja potrebnih sredstava koji još uvijek nije dovoljno zastupljen u našim udrugama. Važno je reći kako je način korištenja ljudskih potencijala od velike važnosti u svakoj organizaciji, pa tako i u organizacijama civilnog društva. Temeljne funkcije menadžmenta jesu planiranje, organizacija, vođenje i kontrola rezultata, a ostvarenje ciljeva je uvjetovano upravo skladom ovih četiriju funkcija. Kao najvažnije načelo u radu udruge, prema kojem se ona razlikuje od profitnih organizacija, navodi se načelo neprofitnosti.Management is , of course, one of the most important human activities. This is an activities. This is an activity focudes on the coordination of each individual's work within the organization and precisely lies in its value as a special process that enables the sustainability of every organization, especially within a civil society. Since the activity of NGOs as the largest civil society organizations of great importance to the third sector, it should be emphasized that economic activity also depends largely on quality, managerial activities. Economic activity, to which the associations have a legitimate right, is one the means of achieving the necessary funds, which is still not sufficiently represented in our associations. It is important to say that the use of human resources is of great importance in every organization, including civil society organizations. Basic management functions are planning, organization, managing, and controllling the results, and achieving the goals is conditioned by the composition of these four functions. As the most important principle in the work of the association, according to which is differs from profit organizations, the principle of non-profit is stated
Models of Leadership Qualities - Differences Between Male and Female Management Style
No full textProblematika rada ogleda se u nedovoljnom poznavanju specifičnih osobina vođe u poslovnome svijetu, ali i u razlikama koje se čine bitnima u prepoznavanju muškog i ženskog stila rukovođenja. Ono što je zanimljivo jest da za pojam vodstva postoji mnogo definicija i različitih tumačenja, ali i različitih pristupa temeljenih na osobinama. Isto tako postoje i razne vrste modela vodstva, no u radu je detaljnije objašnjen model osobina vođe, koji se dijeli na teoriju velikih ljudi, rani profil osobina te suvremeni profil osobina. Kako postoje razne vrste modela vodstva, tako postoje i različiti stilovi vodstva, poput autokratskog, demokratskog i laissez faire stila. Ipak, u konačnici, postoje razlike i u muškom i ženskom stilu rukovođenja, za koje se smatra da su vrlo različiti. Kod ženskog načina rukovođenja bitno je naglasiti kako postoji prepreka takozvanog staklenog stropa koja ženi vođi onemogućava daljnje napredovanje u karijeri.The work problem is reflected in the lack of knowledge of the specific characteristics of leaders in the business world, but also in the differences that are important in recognizing male and female style of leadership. What is interesting is that there are many definitions and different interpretations for the concept of leadership, as well as different approaches based on attributes. There are also different types of leadership models, but in this paper a more detailed model of leadership features is shared, which is divided into the theory of the great people, the early profile of the traits and the contemporary profile of the traits. As there are various types of leadership models, there are also different leadership styles, such as autocratic, democratic and laissez faire style. Still, there are, in the end, differences in men's and women's style of leadership, which are considered to be very different. In women's management it is important to emphasize that there is an obstacle to the so-called glass ceiling that prevents women from leading career advancement
Business Organization of the Banks in the Republic of Croatia
No full textBanka je poduzeće koje mora imati jasno definiranu poslovnu organizaciju i strukturu kako bi mogla uspješno poslovati. Poslovna organizacija banke prije svega ovisi o poslovnim odrednicama te posluje kroz mrežu podružnica, poslovnica i ispostava. Organizacijska struktura banke uvjetovana je njenom veličinom. Poslovnu organizaciju banke čine četiri osnovna upravljačka tijela koja upravljaju bankom: nadzorni odbor, uprava banke, kreditni odbor i odbor za upravljanje aktivom i pasivom. Na oblikovanje organizacije utječu unutarnji i vanjski čimbenici. Najvažnija obilježja svake organizacije su njezini ciljevi koji se mijenjaju s promjenama okolnosti koje su ih odredile stoga ih je najvažnije jasno i precizno definirati.The Bank is a company that needs to have a clearly defined business organization and structure to be able to successfully do business. A business or organization Bank first of all depends on business options, and operates through a network of subsidiaries, branches and branch office. The organisational structure of the Bank is its size. The business organization of the Bank constitute the four main managing bodies that govern the Bank: the Supervisory Board, the management of the Bank, the credit Committee and the Board for the management of assets and liabilities. On the formatting of the organization affected by internal and external factors. The most important features of any organization are its objectives that change with the change of circumstances that are designated by them is the most important of them, therefore, clearly and precisely defined
Employees and their Role in the Organization
No full textOrganizacija je važna karika svakog poslovanja. Raspodjela poslova u poduzeću čine jednu strukturu poduzeća koju upotpunjavaju njezini zaposlenici brinući se da se poslovi u organizaciji obave što kvalitetnije uz što manje napore. Cilj organizacije je stvoriti određene odnose ljudi u organizaciji s određenim zadacima. Kako bi se stvorili ti odnosi važno je odrediti strukturu organizacijskih jedinica u nekom poduzeću. Svaku organizacijsku jedinicu nadzire menadžer koji ima važan utjecaj na zaposlenike i njihov učinak. Dužan je motivirati i obučiti svoje podređene kako bi se što bolje uklopili u radnu sredinu i postali što učinkovitiji u poslu. Za dobar razvoj posla potreban je protok informacija koje su nužne za neke poslovne odluke. Takav protok informacija manifestira se kroz poslovno komuniciranje zaposlenika u organizaciji.The organization is an important link of every business. The distribution of jobs in the company make up one of the company's structure, which is complementary to its own employees, worrying that the jobs in your organization, do the best possible with as little effort. Objective of the organization is to create specific relationships in the Organization of people with certain tasks. In order to create these relationships is important to determine the structure of organizational units in a company. Each organizational unit that is supervised by a manager who has an important impact on employees and their effect. Is required to motivate and train their child in order to better fit with the work environment and what became more efficient in business. For a good development work requires a flow of information that are necessary for some of the business decisions. Such a flow of information manifested through a business-communication of the employees in the organization
Implementation of Intelligent Transport Systems in Traffic
No full textOvaj završni rad predstavlja temu pod nazivom „Implementacija inteligentnih transportnih sustava u prometu“ i sadržajno je podijeljen na šest cjelina. Prva, a ujedno i početna cjelina, je uvod, u kojemu je rečeno nešto osnovno o temi te je kratko dat sam uvod u tematiku. U drugoj cjelini počinje se s razradom tematike, gdje se govori nešto o općenitim stvarima vezanim uz inteligentne transportne sustave. Tako je tu onda opisana arhitektura svakog ITS sustava, napravljena je detaljna normizacija ITS usluga, analizirana je učinkovitost i kvaliteta ITS usluga, a za kraj cjeline su predstavljene direktive i planovi za razvoj ITS u Republici Hrvatskoj, vezane uz naputke Europske unije. Treća cjelina je središnja cjelina rada u kojoj se opisuje sam razvitak ITS sustava u Republici Hrvatskoj. Tu se dotičemo ekonomskih koristi i pozitivnih učinaka za gospodarstvo RH, što se tiče samog uvođenja ITS-a, te smjernica, strateških ciljeva i poticaja Europske unije, koji omogućuju lakši i djelotvorniji razvitak inteligentnih sustava. Za kraj ovog poglavlja, napravljena je SWOT analiza za razvoj ITS-a u našoj zemlji. U četvrtoj cjelini dati su neki primjeri ITS sustava za nadzor i kontrolu prometa. Tako tu imamo opisan sustav kamera za mjerenje brzine vozila, sustav za automatsko prepoznavanje registarskih oznaka, promjenjive znakove ograničenja brzine, sustav prepoznavanja prolaska vozila na crveno svjetlo, te ITS sustav pomoći za poštivanje ograničenja brzine. Peta cjelina tiče se ITS sustava koji se koriste za kontrolu i upravljanje prometom u Zagrebu, Rijeci, Zadru, te na autocestama u Republici Hrvatskoj. U cjelini su detaljno opisani i analizirani. Šesta i zadnja cjelina je ona zaključna, gdje je tema ukratko sistematizirana od ranije svega iskazanog u radu.This final work presents the topic entitled "Implementation of Intelligent Transport Systems in Traffic" and is essentially divided into six chapters. The first, and at the same time, the initial chapter, is an introduction, in which something elementary is said about the subject, and it is a brief introduction to the theme. In the second chapter, it begins with the elaboration of the theme, where something is said about general things related to intelligent transport systems. Thus, the architecture of each ITS system is described, a detailed standardization of ITS services was developed, the efficiency and quality of ITS services were analyzed and ITS directives and ITS development plans in the Republic of Croatia related to the EU guidelines were presented for the end of the chapter. The third chapter is the central one of work, describing the very development of the ITS system in the Republic of Croatia. We are concerned with the economic benefits and the positive effects for the economy of the Republic of Croatia, as far as the introduction of ITS is concerned, as well as the guidelines, strategic goals and incentives of the European Union, which enables the easier and more efficient development of intelligent systems. For the end of this chapter, SWOT analysis was developed for ITS development in our country. Fourthly, some examples of ITS traffic control and control systems are provided. So we have a description of the camera system for measuring speed of the vehicle, the system for automatic recognition of the registration labels, variable speed limit signs, vehicle passage recognition system in red light, and the ITS system for compliance with speed limitations. The fifth chapter is related to the ITS system used for traffic control and management in Zagreb, Rijeka, Zadar and on motorways in the Republic of Croatia. They are fully described and analyzed in detail. The sixth and final chapter is the one concluding, where the topic is briefly systematized from the previously stated things in the work
Work organization on container and Ro - Ro terminals
No full textOvaj završni rad obrađuje temu pod nazivom „Organizacija rada na kontejnerskim i
RO-RO terminalima“, a tematski i sadržajno je podijeljen na pet zasebnih cjelina. Kreće se
s prvom i početnom cjelinom, gdje je napravljen kratki uvod u tematiku i srž ovog rada, a
ujedno je i navedena struktura samog rada po cjelinama s kratkim opisom uz svaku od njih.
Nakon uvoda, u drugoj cjelini je pažnja posvećena kontejnerskim terminalima, odnosno
lučkim i željezničko-cestovnim terminalima. Stoga su ovdje opisani i prikazani svi procesi,
postupci, radnje, sredstva, sustavi i sve ostalo što pripada uz ove tipove terminala. Nakon
toga, u trećoj cjelini slijede RO-RO terminali, kao jedan od tri glavna pojma u ovom
završnom radu, uz kontejnerske terminale i organizaciju rada. Stoga su ovdje obrađena
tehničko-tehnološka obilježja RO-RO terminala, RO-RO rampe, prekrcajno-prijevozna
sredstva, RO-RO brodovi i sve ostalo što se veže te utječe na funkcioniranje ovakvog tipa
terminala. Četvrta cjelina objedinjuje pojmove kontejnerskih i RO-RO terminala, te obrađuje
i prikazuje sve vezano uz organizaciju rada na njima (prekrcaj, ukrcaj, iskrcaj, prijevoz,
informacijsko-upravljačke sustave, operativno osoblje, sredstva itd.). Peta i zaključna cjelina
sistematizira i objedinjuje sve navedeno, predočeno i napisano u završnom radu kroz dva
kratka ulomka.This final work deals with the topic "Work organization on container and RO-RO
terminals", and is essentially divided into five separate chapters. It starts with the first and
the initial chapter, where a brief introduction to the subject and the essence of this work is
made, and at the same time the structure of the work is presented and briefly described. After
the introduction, in the second chapter, attention was paid to container terminals, ie port and
rail-road terminals. Therefore, all processes, procedures, actions, tools, systems, and
everything else that is relevant to these types of terminals are described and presented here.
Subsequently, in the third chapter, RO-RO terminals are followed, as one of the three main
terms in this final work, with container terminals and organization of work. Therefore, the
technical-technological features of RO-RO terminals, RO-RO ramps, transhipment vehicles,
RO-RO ships and everything else that binds and affects the functioning of this type of
terminal are discussed here. The fourth chapter integrates concepts of container and RO-RO
terminals, and processes and displays all related to the organization of work on them
(transhipment, loading, unloading, transportation, information-management systems,
operating personnel, resources, etc.). The fifth and the closing chapter systematizes and
combines all of the above stated, presented and written in the final work through two short
fragments