OPUS - Publikationenserver der Technischen Hochschule Nürnberg Georg Simon Ohm
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Optical and mechanical testing of 3D printed parts made of high-viscosity silicone to identify process parameters and design advice for 3D printing and printer development
No full textThe additive manufacturing of parts made from close-to-production materials poses a great challenge. One example are highly viscous silicones, as used in injection moulding. For small production quantities, the manufacturing of injection moulds is uneconomical. This paper presents tensile specimens printed with an in-house developed dispensing system, which are analysed for air cavities (micro-CT scans) and mechanical properties. Based on the results, advice for the design and slicing parameters of parts using high-viscosity silicones in AM by means of material extrusion are developed
Harmonization of Security Standards for Embedded Systems in a Comprehensive Metamodel: The Security Abstraction Model
No full textThe development of reliable systems is inextricably linked to the consideration of security aspects during the development process. Especially in the context of autonomous vehicles, security is crucial to ensure user trust in this technology. This work presents an overview of the harmonization of the Security Abstration Model (SAM). The results demonstrate that our approach is compliant with relevant security standards for embedded systems, indicating compliance and robustness. The utilization of SAM improves conceptual understanding and promotes clarity in security engineering
Automotive Cybersecurity Engineering with Modeling Support
No full textRapid advances of connected and autonomous vehicle technology have led to an increase in cyber-attacks. This in turn has driven the development of the ISO 21434 standard aimed at supporting the management of cybersecurity risks in the automotive industry. There is, however, a disconnect between the standard and the currently applied model-based development approaches that are increasingly applied for systems and software development. In this paper, we present tool support created for model-based automotive cybersecurity engineering. This tool is built upon the existing automotive systems development language, EAST-ADL, with extensions to address security in accordance with the ISO 21434 standard covering modeling support, calculation of security-related metrics such as impact, risk, and attack feasibility, and generation of ISO 21434 compliant security threat reports. Meeting the requirements of cybersecurity engineeering according to ISO 21434 are demonstrated with two examples
Wissenschaftliche Konferenz „Fragile Behausungen. Prekäres Wohnen und Wohnungslosigkeit in Zeiten multipler Krisen“ (#wolokon24)
Get PDFVom 22. bis 24. Februar 2024 fand an der Technischen Hochschule Nürnberg Georg Simon Ohm die dreitägige wissenschaftliche Konferenz „Fragile Behausungen. Prekäres Wohnen und Wohnungslosigkeit in Zeiten multipler Krisen“ statt. Die Konferenz sollte eine Möglichkeit eröffnen, innerhalb der wissenschaftlichen Disziplinen und Forschungsansätze und mit Akteuren der Politik, Verwaltung, Praxis der Sozialen Arbeit und Selbstvertretungsorganisationen wohnungsloser Menschen über Forschung zu diskutieren. Daher bot die Konferenz vielen Wissenschaftler*innen die Gelegenheit, ihre Forschungen zu Armut, Obdach- und Wohnungslosigkeit sowie prekärem Wohnen den 160 Konferenzteilnehmenden vorzustellen. Darüber hinaus handelt es sich allerdings um eine außergewöhnliche Konferenz, da sich 50 Expert*innen mit Wohnungslosig-keitserfahrungen aktiv einbrachten und einen wertvollen Beitrag leisteten. Neben wissenschaftlichen Vorträgen, Ad-Hoc-Gruppen, Posterpräsentationen, Diskussions-runden und Buchvorstellungen konnten besondere offene Formate als Open Space vorgeschlagen werden. Auf diese Weise wurden vielfältige Gestaltungs- und Partizipationsmöglichkeiten geschaffen. Zudem entstand ein breites künstlerisches und alternatives Begleitprogramm in Form von Lesungen, Film-Vorführungen, Ausstellungen und (virtuellen) Stadtführungen (mit Erfahrungsexpert*innen) sowie in Form eines Poetry Slams und Konzerts. Der vorliegende Band dokumentiert die Veranstaltung und präsentiert Erfahrungsberichte und Impressionen
"Let Them Try to Figure It Out First" - Reasons Why Experts (Do Not) Provide Feedback to Novice Programmers
No full textA recent ITiCSE working group investigated when and how experts give feedback and hints at steps novice programmers take when solving programming problems. Based on the feedback literature and an analysis of expert feedback on steps, the working group designed guidelines for when and how to give feedback. The feed-back provided by educators using these guidelines on a number of sequences of student steps varied a lot. In this paper, we try to answer the question of why educators give feedback at particular steps to novice learners of programming. We prepared six authentic sequences of student steps when solving an introductory programming task. The preprocessed sequences were used in a survey to gather information about when and why an expert would
give feedback. Respondents annotated each step from one sequence
with if and why they would give feedback at that step. Our survey
received 47 responses. We qualitatively analyzed the responses,
resulting in a coding scheme consisting of 19 different reasons for why experts intervene (or not) when novice learners work on introductory programming tasks. We found a considerable variety of reasons experts give for when and how to help students with feedback and hints. Also, sometimes one expert uses a reason at a step to explain why they do intervene, and another expert uses the same reason at the step to not intervene. The categories of experts’ feedback indicators will pave the way for several future studies and applications, including learning systems trying to resemble expert feedback strategies
Open Science in den Bildungstechnologien: Unterstützung bei der Veröffentlichung von Forschungsdaten
No full textDer zweite Workshop des Arbeitskreises Open Science zielte darauf ab, gemeinsam mit der Fachcommunity mögliche Verfahren zur Publikation von Forschungsdaten (inklusive Software) aus Sicht der Autorinnen und Autoren zu erörtern. Dazu gehörte sowohl die Entwicklung realistischer und nachvollziehbarer Anforderungen an die Publikation von Forschungsdaten inklusive Software, als auch die bisherigen Herausforderungen für Autoren(-teams). Darüber hinaus wurden neue, mögliche Publikationsformate und Konferenztracks diskutiert. Der Workshop basierte stark auf der Interaktion mit den Teilnehmenden, um deren Perspektive aufgreifen zu können. Mit diesem Beitrag werden die wichtigsten Ergebnisse des halbtägigen Workshops zusammengefasst, und so unter anderem mit dem Leitungsgremium, zukünftigen DELFI-Verantwortlichen sowie dem Projekt Nationale Forschungsdateninfrastruktur für und mit der Informatik (NFDIxCS) geteilt
How Do You Solve A Problem Like Recruitment? On The Hiring and Retention of Computing Academics
No full textThis paper critically examines persistent inequities in existing computing faculty hiring and retention practices, which gravely impact computing educators from marginalized groups. Throughout these processes, applicants fight against multiple systemic barriers, including but not limited to, biased job ads and discriminatory interview practices. The increasing use of generative AI tools to aid in tasks connected to the hiring process, such as writing recommendation letters, exacerbates these biases. The inequities persist despite global initiatives and legal mandates and serve as a direct contradiction to widespread institutional commitments to diversity and inclusion. By building on literature and the lived experiences of the SIGCSE community represented in a recent Technical Symposium session, we raise concerns about the different stages of this process, highlighting the importance of clear expectations and adequate support. The paper concludes with a call to align hiring practices with inclusive institutional values, requiring the academic community to reflect on and revise hiring policies for a more equitable future. It is of paramount importance to address the role of these practices in the erosion of marginalized communities from the computing education community, a marginalization that occurs in many different contexts and negatively impacts everyone involved
A novel approach for accurate dynamic air flow control in an internal combustion engine and in a fuel cell
No full textA Custom-Built Piezo-Optical System for Visualization and Characterization of High Intensity Focused Ultrasound
No full textHigh intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) is a noninvasive treatment technique to induce thermal or mechanical bioeffects. Characterising the wave field is essential for reliable and reproducible transducer operation in clinical use. This paper presents a schlieren technique to visualise and quantify transducer wave fields. The technique is based on the piezo-optical effect of water, i.e. the refractive index variation caused by sound pressure. Our custom-built system equipped with a Raspberry Pi HQ camera can capture schlieren photographs of acoustic fields generated by a clinical HIFU system. Alternatively, a high-speed camera allows analysis of short burst pulses. We investigated the focal zone shape of continuously generated HIFU fields at acoustic powers of 10- 250 W. Images of the focal area at 100 W indicated dimensions comparable to the reported literature values. Notably, as power increases, we observe waveform distortion in the focal zone due to nonlinear propagation of ultrasound. Our findings demonstrate the efficacy of our system in visualizing and characterizing the acoustic fields generated by a clinical HIFU device