Niigata University Medical and Dental Hospital

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    新潟県の地域おこし協力隊制度の現状と課題

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    Effectiveness of language of instruction as “Late swing” in the baseball batting

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    本研究は野球の打撃に関する「引き付けて打て」という指導言語が、打撃パフォーマンスに与える影響およびその指導言語が有効な選手の特徴を検討することを目的とした。さらに、どのような指導言語に分類されるのかについても検討した。高校野球部員10名を対象にし、「普段通り」の打撃と「引き付けて打つ」打撃動作を比較した。その結果、指導後もインパクト位置が変わらなかった5名(以後、非変化群)と有意に短く変化した5名(以後、変化群)に分かれた。指導により非変化群はバットスピードを維持したまま、ミートの正確性が向上したことから、この指導言語は非変化群にのみ有効であることが示唆された。その非変化群の打撃フォームには toe off 局面から toe on 局面にかけて、肩角度を維持したまま、腰を正の方向に回転させるという特徴があった( 肩角度 : -29.1±5.0deg → -30.3±2.9deg、腰角度 : -15.1±12.3deg → -5.6±6.1deg )。また、この指導言語の一般的な解釈は、インパクト位置をより短くすることだと考える。しかし、本研究ではインパクト位置を短くした選手の打撃パフォーマンス低下し、変化させなかった選手の打撃パフォーマンスが向上した。したがって、この指導言語は「競技者の主観に取り込みやすい表現を用いて、競技者の主観に変化が生じるような言葉にしたもの」に分類されるべきだと考える。The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of the language of instruction when saying “Late swing” on swing performance and the player characteristics for which the language of instruction was effective. We also examined how language of instruction is classified. The subjects included 10 high-school baseball players for whom we compared normal and late swings. The results indicated no change in impact position even after instruction in five players (no change group) and a significantly shortened swing in five players (change group). As the no change group improved accuracy of contact while maintaining bat speed according to the instruction, this suggested that the instruction language was only effective for the no change group. The characteristic of the swing form in the no change group was a shoulder angle that was maintained from the toe-off position to the toe-on position while rotating the hips in the correct direction (shoulder angle : −29.1°±5.0°→−30.3°±2.9°, hip angle : −15.1°±12.3°→−5.6°±6.1°). In addition, the general interpretation of this language of instruction is thought to be to shorten the impact position of the swing. However, in this study, the impact performance of the players who shortened the impact position decreased and impact performance improved in the players who did not change the impact position. Therefore, in this language of instruction, the use of an expression that is prone to subjective interpretation by athletes and results in changes to the athletes’ subjectivity should be considered

    Designing an Effective Blended Learning Course Designing an Effective Blended Learning Course

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    The present study reports on an attempt to incorporate e-learning into remedial English class at a Japanese technological university with the application of previous research findings. Eight suggestions regarding the effective use of e-learning were derived from six previous research papers. A blended learning class was designed based on the suggestions and implemented for one academic year. To evaluate the effectiveness of this method, a questionnaire survey was conducted at the end of the first semester, and the same English test was administered at the beginning of the first and second academic years in order to see if students had made any academic improvement. Most of the 23 participants, who were placed in a lower level English class, thought that e-learning helped them study out of class regularly and gain a better understanding of what they had learned in class. The results of pre- and post- tests showed a statistically significant improvement. Overall, this blended learning approach produced positive results

    The Educational Activities using Learning Management System in High School in Niigata Prefecture

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    In high school education which utilizes Information and Communications Technology (ICT), Learning Management System (LMS) becomes necessary. Moodle, a free software which is widely used in education, is expected to become more common in high school education. In this report, we first discuss the workshop we held for high school teachers in Niigata Prefecture. We then report on our trial implementation of LMS in a high school based on the feedback we had gotten in the workshop

    Common-sense knowledge and authorship within supported decision making

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    This study discusses supported decision making in support centers for persons with disabilities and divides it into narrow and broad meanings. An analysis of the narrow meanings considers common-sense knowledge that enables supported decision making. An analysis of the broad meanings considers authorship in decision making. The data that are analyzed are from cases in which supported decision making was a problem that was reported by staff working at a facility that supported people intellectually disabled. The data are categorized for a logico-grammatical analysis, which is a method used in ethnomethodology, and the findings obtained from the analysis are discussed. In regards to narrow meanings of supported decision making, common-sense knowledge is suggested as the knowledge that there is a possibility one may make the decision making of an intellectually disabled person less visible. In regards to broad meanings of supported decision making, if it is not necessary to restrict decision-making authorship to a single person, the authors indicate that mainly clients and supporting persons make decisions.本研究では、障害者支援施設における意思決定支援職を狭義の意思決定支援と広義の意思決定支援に区別し、前者はとりわけ意思決定支援を可能にする常識的知識について、後者は意思決定におけるオーサーシップの問題について、それぞれ検討した。分析対象となったデータは、障害者支援施設で働く職員によって報告された「意思決定支援が問題となるケース」である。これらのデータをエスノメソドロジーの分析手法の1つである論理文法分析によって分析し、分析によって得られた知見について考察した。狭義の意思決定支援においてはある種の常識的知識が知的障害者の意思決定を見えにくくする可能性について示唆した。広義の意思決定支援においては、意思決定のオーサーを単一の人物に絞る必要がないならば、オーサーは主にクライエントと支援者の2人であることを示した

    インバウンドを取り込むための観光に関する一考察 : 金沢を例として

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    近年、海外からの旅行者の需要、いわゆるインバウンドを取り込むための試みが盛んに行われるようになってきた。最近では、東京から大阪に掛けてのいわゆるゴールデンルートだけではなく、地方へと海外からの旅行者の目も向き始めている。各地の観光協会や旅行者はこのインバンドを取り組むため、様々な取り組みを行っている。この際、日本人に定番の観光資源だけではなく、日本人には分からないが海外からの旅行者には大変魅力的な観光資源を見出すことが重要である。渋谷のスクランブル交差点などはこれに関しての有名な例のひとつであるが、地方を訪れる海外からの旅行者が魅力を感じるものとして、日本の伝統的な街並みなども上げることができる。著者らは、金沢を例として、日本人と海外からの旅行者の興味(評価)の違いに注目して、海外からの旅行者の視点から金沢の観光資源を見出す取り組みを行ってきた。そこで本稿では、今までの取り組みを整理した後、考察として概観し、今後の方向性について検討する。この取り組みは、金沢だけではなく、新潟県が佐渡金銀山の世界遺産登録を目指す上でも参考になるものと考える

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