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Examining limitations and future directions in climate change simulation models
Get PDF3rd International Conference on Research of Agricultural and Food Technologies, I-CRAFT 2023 -- 4 October 2023 through 6 October 2023 -- Adana -- 196444Climate change refers to significant alterations in long-term climate conditions. If greenhouse gas emissions continue to rise, there is a high probability of exceeding the 1.5°C and 2° thresholds of global warming throughout the 21st century. This situation poses a serious threat to the agriculture sector and can lead to a decline in agricultural production and a reduction in product quality. Additionally, intensive farming practices can decrease the resilience of agriculture. This study aims to examine the effects of climate change on the agriculture sector, explain the concept of modeling and the parameters that can be measured, provide guidance on how modeling studies on alfalfa, and similar crops can be improved by identifying their shortcomings. The modeling method is used in many different fields by creating abstract representations of real-world objects or events via a mathematical equation, writing algorithm, or simulation. Parameters used in alfalfa modeling include yield, growth, carbon, water, nitrogen balance, climate effects, and other factors. However, these models have shortcomings such as the need for more comprehensive data collection and testing, the requirement for more parameter adjustments, the inability to address various crops and different growth cycles, the lack of simulation of crown and root roles in growth, sensitivity in measuring soil and input factors, limited testing and research, inaccuracies in automatic classification, the absence of growth and yield simulation models, and the lack of deep learning techniques. Addressing these shortcomings is crucial for achieving more reliable and effective results in the agricultural sector. Strengthening models and addressing these deficiencies have the potential to lead to more robust and sustainable solutions in agriculture. © The Authors, published by EDP Sciences
Human resources management in the civil aviation sector: A general overview
Get PDFThe fact that the civil aviation sector has a multicultural structure by nature and assimilates this structure is a situation that has both advantages and disadvantages. This situation reveals the importance of human resources management in the civil aviation sector. The fact that personnel working in the civil aviation sector have the opportunity to work worldwide, provided they meet certain conditions, provides freedom of movement for these employees. Especially in developed countries, as a result of the decrease in the young population and the tendency to leave jobs that require intense physical strength and have relatively low wages to immigrants, it has become possible to see immigrant workers in most of the business lines. Strategic human resources planning is extremely important to keep this situation under control and to train human resources in every field that may be needed in the civil aviation industry in the future. An understanding of human resources management, which specializes in the field of civil aviation, knows the needs and deficiencies of this field, and guides decision makers by offering the right solution suggestions, is deemed essential. © 2024, IGI Global. All rights reserved
Sosyal Bilgiler Ders Kitaplarında Temel Vatandaşlık Değerleri ve Becerileri
Get PDFBu araştırmanın amacı, sosyal bilgiler ders kitaplarında (4-7. sınıflar) vatandaşlık değerlerinin ve becerilerinin sunuluşunu değerlendirmektir. Doküman analizi yöntemi kullanılan araştırmanın veri kaynakları, Türkiye’de okutulan 4-7. sınıf sosyal bilgiler ders kitaplarıdır. Kitaplardaki “Birey ve Toplum”, “Etkin Vatandaşlık” ve “Küresel Bağlantılar” öğrenme alanlarındaki vatandaşlık konularını vatandaşlık değerleri ve becerileri açısından değerlendirmek için Gökçınar (2022) tarafından hazırlanan “Temel Vatandaşlık Değerleri ve Becerileri Çerçevesi” kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın bulguları, ders kitaplarında vatandaşlık değerleri arasında en fazla sorumluluk ve özgürlüğe; vatandaşlık becerileri arasında ise en fazla politik ve hukuk okuryazarlıklar ile katılım becerilerine yer verildiği göstermiştir. Beceri ve değerlerin sunuluşunun yanı sıra sınıflara göre dağılımı da değerlendirilmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlar, ders kitaplarının vatandaşlık değerleri ve becerileri konusunda önemli bir içeriği sahip olmasına rağmen bazı ilişkilendirmelerin eksik kaldığına işaret etmektedir. Bu sonuçlara dayalı olarak sosyal bilgiler ders kitaplarının içeriğinin bazı vatandaşlık değerleri ve becerileri açısından geliştirilmesi gerektiği önerilmiştir
Optimal selection of solar water heating systems based on comparative techno-econumic feasibility study
Get PDFFen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Maden Mühendisliği Ana Bilim DalıGüneş enerjisi, diğer yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklarına nazaran daha büyük bir potansiyele sahip ve yaygınlaşma olasılığı daha yüksek olan bir enerji kaynağıdır. Bu sebeple güneş enerjili sistemlerin teknolojilerinin geliştirilmesi ve kullanım alanlarının artırılması önem arz etmektedir. Güneş enerjisi, evlerde sıcak su sağlamak ve endüstriyel süreçlerde faydalanmak için yaygın olarak kullanılan yenilenebilir bir enerji kaynağıdır. Evsel sıcak su ve endüstriyel buhar üretiminde güneş enerjisinin kullanımı hem ekonomik hem de çevresel faydalar sağlar. Bu çalışmada F-Chart Yöntemi kullanılarak düzlemsel ve vakum tüplü 8 farklı kollektörün performans analizi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmada Aydın, Samsun, Afyonkarahisar, Niğde, Erzurum ve Sivas ili meteorolojik şartlarına göre belirli bir sıcak su talebi için analiz yürütülmüştür. Örnek bir il (Niğde) ve örnek bir kollektör için ekonomik analiz yapılarak geri ödeme süresi hesaplanmıştır. Çalışmada güneş enerjili su ısıtma sistemlerinin hava kirliliğinin azaltılması için önemi vurgulanmıştır.Solar energy is an energy source with a greater potential and a higher probability of widespread use compared to other renewable energy sources. For this reason, it is important to develop the technologies of solar energy systems and increase their usage areas. Solar energy is a renewable energy source that is widely used to provide hot water in homes and to utilise in industrial processes. The use of solar energy in domestic hot water and industrial steam production provides both economic and environmental benefits. In this study, the performance analysis of 8 different flat plate and vacuum tube collectors was carried out using the F-Chart Method. In the study, the analysis was carried out for a certain hot water demand according to the meteorological conditions of Aydın, Samsun, Afyonkarahisar, Niğde, Erzurum and Sivas provinces. An economic analysis was carried out for a sample province (Niğde) and a sample collector, and the payback period was calculated. In addition, the importance of solar water heating systems for reducing air pollution is emphasised in the study
Relationship Between Menopausal Symptoms, Cancer Screening Behaviors, and Religion Attitudes of Women in the Climacteric Period: A Cross-Sectional Study
Get PDFBackground: Although it is known that religion is used to cope with health problems, there is a lack of information about the effect of religion on menopausal symptoms and cancer screening attitudes of climacteric women. Aim:This study was conducted to determine the relationship between the religious attitudes of women in the climacteric period and their attitudes toward menopausal symptoms and cancer screening. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of 381 women in the climacteric period in the Central Anatolia region of Turkiye. Data collection form, the Menopause Rating Scale (MRS), OK-Religious Attitude Scale (ORAS), and attitude for cancer screening (short form) (ASCS) were used to collect data. Correlation analysis assessed the relationship between MRS, ORAS, and ASCS. Results: There was a low positive correlation between women's ORAS mean score (35.19 +/- 4.80) and MRS mean score (12.68 +/- 7.24) (r = 0.284, P 0.05). Conclusion: Women who experienced more severe menopausal symptoms had stronger religious attitudes. Women's religious attitudes did not affect their attitudes toward cancer screening. It is therefore recommended that health professionals organize counseling and training activities to protect and improve the health of menopausal women and increase their participation in screening and treatment programs
Heterologous expression of distinct insecticidal genes in potato cultivars encodes resistance against potato tuber moth, Phthorimaea operculella (Zeller) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae)
Get PDFThe potato tuber moth, Phthorimaea operculella (Zeller), is a notorious insect pest of potato incurring substantial yield losses in the field as well as in storage. Chemical control is difficult to exercise due to the latent feeding of the caterpillars and their ability to develop resistance against insecticides. One of the essential components of efficient insect-resistant management is using two or more different insecticidal genes in transgenic crops to effectively avoid and delay the resistance development in insect pests. Two constructs, namely DS-1 (cry3A + SN-19 genes) and DS-2 (OCII + SN-19 genes) in pCAMBIA1301 binary vector, were developed and were transformed in potato cultivars (Agria and Lady Olympia) via Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. The molecular analysis confirmed gene integration and expression of the introduced genes in transgenic plants. The insecticidal effects of incorporated genes in transgenic plants were assessed against 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th instar potato tuber moth (PTM) larvae. The transgenic plants endured significantly high mortalities (100%) of larval stages of PTM within 72 h. Our results show that these transgenic potato plants have the potential to control populations of PTM and are also useful tools in managing PTM that would ultimately reduce the dependency on conventional chemical pesticides with potentially less or minimal hazards. These lines can also serve as an excellent source of germplasm for potato breeding program.Nigde Omer Halisdemir Scientific Research Projects Unit [FEB 2017/18 BAGEP]The authors are highly thankful to TUEBITAK for providing PhD fellowship (code 2215) to Dr. Muhammad Salim to complete his doctoral studies. The present study was supported by Nigde Omer Halisdemir Scientific Research Projects Unit (BAP Project No. FEB 2017/18 BAGEP)
A Novel Hybrid Gray MCDM Model for Resilient Supplier Selection Problem
Get PDFThe current business climate has generated considerable uncertainty and disrupted supply chain processes. Suppliers have frequently been identified as the primary source of hazards responsible for supply chain disruptions. Using a strategic approach to supplier selection that prioritizes providers with resilience features, mitigating the risk exposure inherent in supply chains is possible. This study proposes a comprehensive gray multiple-criteria decision making (MCDM) method incorporating resilience attributes to supplier selection. To determine criteria weights, the gray PSI and gray BWM methodologies were used, and to evaluate and prioritize resilient providers, the gray MCRAT and gray COBRA methodologies were applied. According to the results obtained by the suggested methodology, the supplier that demonstrated the greatest degree of resilience was determined to be the provider categorized as SPIR 4. The sequential sequence of the SPIR numbers is as follows: SPIR 5, SPIR 1, SPIR 3, SPIR 2, and SPIR 6. The data demonstrate that the developed approach produced accurate results
Influence of Thermo-Light Curing on the Microhardness and Fluoride Release of Glass-Ionomer Cements
Get PDFGlass ionomer cements (GICs) are important restorative materials that are frequently preferred in both primary and permanent teeth. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of thermo-light curing on the surface microhardness and fluoride ion (F - ) release of the materials during the curing reactions of high -viscosity GICs. In our study, Equia Fil (EQGC), Fuji IX GP Extra (FGP-GC), and Fuji IX Capsule (FC-GC) were prepared in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions, and for 60 and 90 seconds during curing Woodpecker LED -C (WL), GC D -Light Pro (GLC) and BlueLuxcer M-855 Halogen Curing Light (HALO) light instruments formed the experimental groups, and self -curing glass ionomer cement samples formed the control groups. VHN and Frelease values of both groups were evaluated on 1st day, 1st week, 1st, 3 rd , and 6th months. The Jamovi (Version 1.0.4) program was used for statistical analysis. Significant difference was analyzed by the Tukey's post hoctest (a = 0.05). In the 1st month, EQ exhibited significantly higher microhardness than FC (p0.05). All materials exhibited higher microhardness during 1st day than in other periods (p0.05). Within the limitations of this study, it can be concluded that thermo-light application does not cause unacceptable long-term changes in the physical and chemical properties of materials.Recep Tayyip Erdogbreve;an University Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit [2015.53007.111.06.01]On behalf of myself and all the authors who contributed to the study, I would like to thank Recep Tayyip Erdo & gbreve;an University Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit for their support in our project numbered 2015.53007.111.06.01
Impact of drying on techno-functional and nutritional properties of food proteins and carbohydrates - A comprehensive review
Get PDFFoods comprise of many macromolecules that have varying techno-functional and nutritional properties. The isolated proteins and carbohydrates from them are increasingly being used as potential ingredients in the food industries. Numerous processes like drying for food processing and preservation cause variations in functional and nutritional attributes of proteins and carbohydrates in different degrees in the food products that can ultimately affect their possible applications. This article explores different drying technologies being used in the food industries, including freeze-drying, microwave-assisted drying, infrared drying, vacuum drying, spray drying, and oven drying. Based on the evaluation of multiple studies, it can be inferred that these drying methods have the potential to contribute to low drying performance, high operational costs, and strong environmental impact. Moreover, they can affect the nutritional value of macronutrients such as proteins, starches, gums, and dietary fibers present in foods, the integrity of the food structures, and their functional properties. Understanding the correlation between the drying technique used and the functional and nutritional attributes of macromolecules will help to provide better insight into the importance of the different drying methods. Optimization of the operational parameters of the different drying methods could be vital and needs to be evaluated to avoid the degradation of the proteins and carbohydrates and the loss of their properties
Taxing tomorrow: Eco-fiscal dynamics for sustainable development
Get PDFThis chapter explores the role of ecological taxation in sustainable development, focusing on Uruguay and Chile's strategies. It discusses "taxing tomorrow, " a concept that emphasizes using fiscal policies to preemptively address sustainability challenges by internalizing environmental costs. The analysis covers eco-fiscal policies like carbon taxes and congestion charges, demonstrating their impact on reducing environmental degradation and promoting sustainable behaviors. By comparing Uruguay and Chile, the chapter highlights how different approaches can reflect specific national contexts and contribute to achieving the United Nations' sustainable development goals (SDGs). This comparative insight underlines the importance of adaptable ecological taxes in global sustainability efforts, offering lessons on integrating these policies into broader economic and environmental strategies. © 2024, IGI Global. All rights reserved