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The future of e-scooter usage in Türkiye: The perspective of university students
Get PDFFen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, İnşaat Mühendisliği Ana Bilim DalıDünyanın birçok şehrinde elektrikli scooter'lar yeni bir ulaşım aracı olarak ortaya çıktı. Bu taşıma araçları, daha sürdürülebilir ulaşıma yönelik mod geçişini destekleyen ve hareketlilikte daha fazla eşitlik sağlayan bir araç olarak ön plana çıkıyor. Bu nedenle, e-scooter'ların çalışma şeklini ve kullanıcılarının profilini anlamak çok önemlidir. Tam da bu noktada, özellikle toplumun çeşitli kesimlerindeki talepleri dikkatle inceleyerek etkili ulaşım politikalarının ortaya konulması gerekmektedir. Bu doğrultuda, bu çalışma Türkiye'de, özellikle de paylaşımlı e-scooter kullanımına başlayan büyük şehirlerdeki üniversite öğrencilerinin talep ve görüşlerini açığa çıkarmayı hedefleyen bir anket araştırması yapmaktadır. Elde edilen veriler ile temel istatistiki yöntemler ve kesikli tercih modelleri yardımıyla anlamlı sonuçlara ulaşılmış ve bu sonuçlar doğrultusunda çıkarım ve tartışmalar ortaya konulmuştur. Türkiye'deki e-scooter kullanımında üniversite öğrencililerine talep ve görüşlerine odaklanan bu çalışma bu yönüyle literatüre ve ulaşım politika belirleyicilere anlamlı fikirler sunacağı düşünülmektedir.In many cities of the world, electric scooters have emerged as a new means of transport. These transport vehicles stand out as a vehicle that supports the mode transition towards more sustainable transport and provides more equality in mobility. Therefore, it is very important to understand the way e-scooters work and the profile of their users. At this point, effective transport policies should be put forward by carefully examining the demands of various segments of society. In this direction, this study conducted a survey that aims to reveal the demands and opinions of university students in Türkiye, especially in major cities that have started to use shared e-scooters. After the data was obtained, significant results were reached with the help of fundamental statistical methods and discrete choice modeling, and implications and discussions were put forward. This study, which focuses on the demands and opinions of university students regarding the use of e-scooters in Türkiye, is thought to present meaningful ideas to the literature and transport policymakers in this respect
Sequential Ureterocalicostomy for An Adult Patient with Bilateral Ureteropelvic Obstruction Complicated with Kidney Stones
Get PDFUreterocalicostomy is generally known as a salvage procedure performed for indications of ureteropelvic junction stricture recurrence and/or upper ureteric injury that precludes dependent ureteropelvic anastomosis. Here we report a patient with bilateral ureteropelvic junction obstruction and an intrarenal pelvis anomaly complicated with pelvic and lower calyceal kidney stones treated with bilateral sequential ureterocalicostomy with successful outcomes at the 1-year follow-up
Fabrication and device characterization of p-ZnTe/n-Si nanodiodes
Get PDFFen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Fizik Ana Bilim DalıBu tezde ZnTe/Si p-n heteroeklem yapısından oluşan nanodiyotların üretimi ve aygıt karakteristiklerinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. MACE yöntemi ile önceden temizlenmiş (110) yönelimli n-tipi tek kristal Si dilimlerinin yüzeyinde dikey olarak sıralanmış ortalama 1 µm uzunluklu Si nanoteller sentezlendi. Daha sonra, ~ 750 nm kalınlığında ZnTe ince filmi Si nanotel kümeleri üzerine RF magnetron saçtırma yoluyla direkt olarak depolandı. Elektriksel ölçümler, üretilen aygıtın karanlıkta ve oda sıcaklığında yüksek doğrultma oranına (~ 10^4), düşük idealite faktörüne (n = 2,3), düşük ters sızıntı akımına (~ 10^-7) ve düşük seri dirence (Rs = 0,93 k?) sahip olduklarını ortaya koydu. AM 1.5G aydınlatma şartları altında 300 mV'luk açık devre gerilimi ölçüldü ve 1 saniyeden daha küçük zamanda ışığa karşı tepki gözlendi. Spektral ışık duyarlılığı ölçümleri, nanodiyotların özellikle elektromanyetik spektrumun NIR bölgesindeki fotonlara oldukça iyi tepki verdiğini gösterdi. ZnTe ince filmi ve dikey olarak dizilmiş Si nanotel kümelerinin bir araya gelmesiyle oluşan heteroeklem nanodiyotların gözlenen performansı, üretilen aygıtların özellikle NIR fotodetektörler olmak üzere gelecekteki optoelektronik cihaz uygulamaları için umut verici olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır.In this thesis, it is aimed to fabricate nanodiodes consisting of ZnTe/Si p-n heterojunction structure and examine their device characteristics. Using the MACE method, vertically aligned Si nanowires with an average length of 1 µm were synthesized on the surface of pre-cleaned (110) oriented n-type single crystal Si wafers. Then, ~ 750 nm thick ZnTe thin film was directly deposited onto Si nanowire arrays via RF magnetron sputtering. Electrical measurements show that the fabricated device has high rectification ratio (~ 10^4), low ideality factor (n = 2.3), low reverse leakage current (~ 10^-7) and low series resistance (Rs = 0.93 k?) in the dark and at room temperature. Under AM 1.5G illumination conditions, an open circuit voltage of 300 mV was measured and the response to light was observed in less than 1 second. Photoresponsivity measurements showed that the device responded quite well to photons, especially in the NIR region of the electromagnetic spectrum. The observed performance of heterojunction nanodiodes formed by combining ZnTe thin film and vertically aligned Si nanowire arrays reveals that the fabricated devices are promising for future optoelectronic device applications, especially NIR photodetectors
AN EXPERIMENTAL EVALUATION OF WORKABILITY AND BLEEDING BEHAVIORS OF ULTRA-SONICATED NANO ZINC OXIDE (n-ZnO) DOPED CEMENT PASTES INCORPORATED WITH FLY ASH
Get PDFIn this study, the workability and bleeding behaviors of ultra-sonicated nano zinc oxide (n-ZnO) doped cement pastes incorporated with fly ash have been experimentally investigated. Therefore, the effects of nano zinc oxide (n-ZnO) additions at different amounts by mass (0.0, 0.3, 0.6, 0.9, 1.2, and 1.5%) on the bleeding and the workability properties (mars cone flow time, mini slump spread diameter, and plate cohesion) of cement -based grouts incorporated with fly ash (FA) as mineral additive at different constitutes (0% -for control purpose, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30%) were investigated. The use of FA as a mineral additive in grout samples resulted in improvements in the workability behavior of the grout samples as expected. Increase amount of n-ZnO in the grout mixtures has made mini slump flow diameter of the samples noticeably decrease. Although certain changes seem to have been observed, it has been understood that the increase in the amount of n-ZnO in the injection matrix generally does not change the Marsh cone flow time of mineral -added cement -based grouts. Remarkable increases in plate cohesion values were measured because of the increase in the content of nano zinc oxide for all mixtures. At the same time, just like the FA effect, bleeding values tend to decrease due to the increase in the amount of nano zinc oxide in grout mixes. Moreover, the results obtained showed that the artificial neural network model can make predictions with very high accuracy.Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey-TUBITAK [219M522]This study was funded by The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey-TUBITAK (Grant No. 219M522) . The authors would like to thank TUBITAK for its great support
Green inhibition effect of Pyracantha coccinea (Rosaceae) berries in assessing of acidic corrosion of iron
Get PDFThe purpose of this study is to explore the potential of Pyracantha coccinea berries extract as a sustainable and environmentally friendly corrosion inhibitor on iron electrode under ambient conditions. This green inhibitor's impact was examined using different electrochemical experiments such as potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). After a one-hour examination of the experiments with three different concentrations of Pyracantha coccinea berry extract, it was determined that the berry extract strongly inhibited the iron electrode in a solution containing 1.0 M HCl. The extract from Pyracantha coccinea berries revealed a strong inhibitor action, and iron electrode protection in HCl solutions increased as pyracantha extract concentrations increased. Finally, surface images were taken after an hour of immersion using a field-emission scanned electron microscope (FE-SEM) to analyse the surface morphology of the iron electrodes in aggressive HCl electrolyte with and without Pyracantha coccinea berry extract, and the surface containing the pyracantha extract was smoother than the blank one
Genetic Variations of Growth Hormone Receptor Exon 10 in Blind Mole-Rat Superspecies (Rodentia: Spalacidae) in Turkey
Get PDFA phylogenetic analysis of 16 cytotypes in a sample of 105 blind mole -rats of the genus Nannospalax Palmer, 1903 from the entire Anatolian region has been carried out. Three superspecies (N. xanthodon, N. leucodon and N. ehrenbergi) were found to have undergone monophyletic radiations. We determined that the superspecies N. ehrenbergi and N. xanthodon contain a mixture of cryptic species distributed in the Anatolian part of Turkey. Our study indicated a fundamental split between two groups, one consisting of populations of N. ehrenbergi from the South-eastern Anatolia and the other including the remaining taxa (N. xanthodon and N. leucodon) from the remaining regions of Anatolia and from Thrace. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that there were two new unnamed cryptic species (2n=48-52 cytotype group and 2n=56 cytotype group) within the superspecies N. ehrenbergi that were reciprocally monophyletic. We reviewed species identified by traditional morphological methods to determine their taxonomic validity. We suggest that N. cilicicus (stat. n.), which is endemic to the central Anatolia, has to be considered a distinct species and not a synonym of N. xanthodon.TUBIdot;TAK Career Development Program (CAREER 3501); [113Z378]This study was supported by TUB & Idot;TAK Career Development Program (CAREER 3501) (Project No: 113Z378)
AI in the language classroom: Insights from pre-service English teachers
Get PDFIn recent years, the potential benefits of artificial intelligence (AI) in language education have garnered increasing interest. Understanding the beliefs of pre-service English language teachers (PELTs) toward the integration of AI in language education is crucial for equipping them with the skills needed to integrate AI into educational practices. Therefore, this paper investigates the beliefs and attitudes of PELTs toward integrating AI into language education. The study involved a sample of 20 PELTs and utilized focus-group interviews to uncover their perspectives. The findings indicate that PELTs hold a mix of positive and negative attitudes toward AI integration. Various factors influencing their views on the use of AI-based tools in language education were identified, with a detailed exploration of each factor providing deep insights into the complexities of PELTs’ beliefs. By delving into PELTs’ perspectives, this study enriches the growing corpus of research on AI-integrated language teaching and offers valuable insights for educators, curriculum designers, and technology innovators. © The Author(s) 2024
The effect of human rights and organizational virtue levels in sports on personnel empowerment
Get PDFSosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Ana Bilim DalıAraştırmanın amacı, spor bilimleri alanında çalışmakta olan akademisyenlerin sporda insan hakları ile örgütsel erdemlilik düzeylerinin personel güçlendirmeyle ilişkisini tespit etmektir. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu Türkiye'nin çeşitli üniversitelerinde çalışmakta olan 63'ü kadın 272'si erkek olmak üzere toplamda 335 kişi oluşturmaktadır. Mevcut durumun tespitinin gerçekleştirilebilmesi adına araştırmanın modeli ilişkisel tarama yöntemidir. Çalışmada kullanılan veri toplama araçları ise; Sadık (2014) tarafından geliştirilen Sporda İnsan Hakları Tutum Ölçeği (SİHTÖ), Cameron ve arkadaşlarının (2004) geliştirdiği Erkmen ve Esen (2012) tarafından Türkçe'ye uyarlanan Örgütsel Erdemlilik Ölçeği (ÖEÖ) ve Spreitzer (1995) tarafından geliştirilen, dilimize çevirisinin yapılarak geçerlilik ve güvenirliliği Sürvegil ve arkadaşları (2013) tarafından yapılan Personel Güçlendirme Ölçeği (PGÖ) kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analizinde normallik dağılımı incelnmiş verilere betimsel istatistiklerin yanı sıra T-Testi, Post Hoc Testi, One-way ANOVA, Pearson Korelasyon ve Doğrusal Regresyon Analiz yöntemleri kullanılmıştır. Analiz sonucunda katılımcıların Sporda İnsan Hakları Tutumları, Örgütsel Erdemlilik, ve Personel Güçlendirme düzeylerinin ortalama puanların üzerinde olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Katılımcıların aldıkları ortalama puanlar dikkate alındığında sonuçların literatür tarafından da desteklendiği ifade edilebilir. SİHTÖ ile ÖEÖ arasında düşük düzeyde pozitif anlamlı bir ilişki tespit edilmiş olmasının yanı sıra, SİHTÖ ile PGÖ arasında pozitif yönde orta düzeyde bir ilişki saptanmıştır. Ayrıca katılımcıların ÖEÖ ile PGÖ arasında düşük düzeyde pozitif yönlü bir ilişki tespit edilmiştir. SİHTÖ, ÖEÖ ile PGÖ arasında istatistiksel açıdan anlamlı bir ilişki tespit edilmiş olup, sporda insan hakları ile örgütsel erdemliliğin personel güçlendirmeyi %15 oranında açıklama gücünün olduğu saptanmıştır. Sonuç olarak akademisyenlerin sporda insan hakları ile örgütsel erdemlilik düzeylerinin personel güçlendirmeyi pozitif yönde etkilediği ifade edilebilmektedir.This study aimed to determine the relationship between human rights in sports and organisational virtuousness levels of academicians working in the field of sports sciences and staff empowerment. The study group of the research consisted of a total of 335 participants (63 females and 272 males) working in various universities of Turkey. To determine the current situation, the model of the research is a relational survey method. In this study, Human Rights Attitude Scale in Sport (HRASS) developed by Sadık (2014), Organisational Virtuousness Scale (OVS) developed by Cameron et al., (2004) and adapted into Turkish by Erkmen and Esen (2012), and Employee Empowerment Scale (EES) developed by Spreitzer (1995) and adapted into Turkish by Sürvegil et al., were used as data collection tools. In the analysis of the data, T-Test, Post Hoc Test, One-way ANOVA, Pearson Correlation and Linear Regression Analysis methods were used in addition to descriptive statistics on data with thinned normality distribution. As a result of the analysis, it was determined that the participants' Human Rights Attitudes in Sports, Organizational Virtue, and Personnel Empowerment levels were above the average scores. Considering the average scores of the participants, it can be stated that the results are supported by the literature. In addition to a low positive significant relationship between HRASS and OVS, a moderate positive relationship was found between HRASS and EES. Additionally, a low-level positive relationship was detected between the participants' OVS and EES. A statistically significant relationship was detected between HRASS, OVS and EES, and it was determined that human rights and organizational virtue in sports had a 15% explanation power of personnel empowerment. As a result, it can be stated that academicians' human rights in sports and organizational virtuousness levels positively affect personnel empowerment
Comparison of spinal anaesthesia and erector spinae plane block in unilateral inguinal hernia: Randomised clinical trial
Get PDFIntroduction:The objective of our study was to compare erector spinae plane block (ESP) with spinal anaesthesia (SA) for inguinal hernia repair with respect to anaesthetic efficacy, post-operative analgesia, mobilisation, discharge, complication and side effects. Patients and Methods:The study included 52 patients over 50 years of age, with the American Society of Anaesthesia physical status Class I-III. Group ESP (n = 26) was applied 30 ml of mixed local anaesthetic mixture applied at the L1 level to the plane of the erector spinae and 10 ml of tumescent when necessary, while Group SA (n = 26) was applied 3 ml of 0.5% bupivacaine at the L3-L4/L2-L3 level. Results:Intraoperative Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) value was lower in Group S, whereas the 6th-h VAS value was lower in Group ESP (P 0.05). Reaching post-anaesthesia discharge criteria 9 and time to mobilisation and oral feeding was shorter in Group ESP, whereas post-procedure waiting time was shorter in Group S (P < 0.05). While the need for post-operative analgesics was higher in Group S (P < 0.05), there was a high level of patient satisfaction in Group ESP (P = 0.05). Intraoperative midazolam requirement was lower in Group S, post-operative diclofenac requirement was lower in Group ESP (P < 0.05), post-operative urinary retention and tremor were higher in Group S (P = 0.05). Conclusion:ESP block provides adequate surgical anaesthesia compared to SA (non-inferiority) for inguinal hernia repair. It is associated with less analgesic requirement, low post-operative pain, less complication rate and high patient satisfaction in the post-operative period
Chatbots talk Strabismus: Can AI become the new patient Educator?
Get PDFBackground: Strabismus is a common eye condition affecting both children and adults. Effective patient education is crucial for informed decision-making, but traditional methods often lack accessibility and engagement. Chatbots powered by AI have emerged as a promising solution. Aim: This study aims to evaluate and compare the performance of three chatbots (ChatGPT, Bard, and Copilot) and a reliable website (AAPOS) in answering real patient questions about strabismus. Method: Three chatbots (ChatGPT, Bard, and Copilot) were compared to a reliable website (AAPOS) using real patient questions. Metrics included accuracy (SOLO taxonomy), understandability/actionability (PEMAT), and readability (Flesch-Kincaid). We also performed a sentiment analysis to capture the emotional tone and impact of the responses. Results: The AAPOS achieved the highest mean SOLO score (4.14 ± 0.47), followed by Bard, Copilot, and ChatGPT. Bard scored highest on both PEMAT-U (74.8 ± 13.3) and PEMAT-A (66.2 ± 13.6) measures. Flesch-Kincaid Ease Scores revealed the AAPOS as the easiest to read (mean score: 55.8 ± 14.11), closely followed by Copilot. ChatGPT, and Bard had lower scores on readability. The sentiment analysis revealed exciting differences. Conclusion: Chatbots, particularly Bard and Copilot, show promise in patient education for strabismus with strengths in understandability and actionability. However, the AAPOS website outperformed in accuracy and readability. © 2024 Elsevier B.V