Niğde Ömer Halisdemir University Institutional Repository
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Genetic diversity and population structure of grapevine Roditis leaf discoloration-associated virus in Turkey vineyards
Full text linkGrapevine Roditis leaf discoloration-associated virus (GRLDaV) is a type of virus that infects grapevines. This research aimed to determine the prevalence of GRLDaV in Turkey vineyards and investigate the genetic diversity and population structure of the selected viral isolates from Turkey compared to isolates from other countries. In this study, 800 shoot samples from Turkey vineyards were collected in late spring and autumn from different regions. The samples were analysed by RT-PCR targeting the partial RNaseH-like gene region of the virus genome. The overall prevalence of GRLDaV was 8.1% among the samples. Phylogenetic analysis of the GRLDaV genome showed that the GRLDaV isolates were clustered into two major lineages. The nucleotide diversity (pi) value of Group I, including only Mediterranean isolates, was lower than Group II, suggesting little variation among isolates. Even though pi values were low among the geographical regions in Turkey, the region with the highest nucleotide diversity was the Aegean population, followed by the Eastern and Mediterranean populations. Comparison between nonsynonymous and synonymous substitutions showed that negative selection acts on synonymous amino acids. Along with neutrality tests and gene flow analyses, it was emphasized that genetic drift played an important role in shaping the GRLDaV populations. This study provides important information on the prevalence and genetic diversity of GRLDaV in Turkey vineyards. The findings will help to develop better strategies to manage and control this virus, which can cause significant economic losses in grape industries
The Effect on the Care Behaviors of Nurses Working in Intensive Care Clinics of Moral Distress Experienced During End of Life Patient Care
Full text linkThis research was conducted as a descriptive study in order to examine the effects of the moral problems experienced by nurses working in intensive care clinics on their end of life care behaviors. The data were collected using the Moral Distress Scale and Caring Behaviors Inventory. It was found that 74.5% of the nurses were women and their mean age was 32.60 +/- 6.6 years. The frequency of moral distress in the nurses was 44.27 +/- 16.25 and total score was 111.02 +/- 63.85. There were significant differences in the scores of the concept the use of futile treatment by nurses, the decision not to begin life-support treatment being made only by physicians, and moral distress and discomfort felt by pediatric intensive care nurses (p < .05). A statistically significant relationship was found between total scores of discomfort on moral distress and assurance, knowledge and skills, connectedness, and being respectful on the end of life care behaviors (p < .05)
EXAMINATION OF THE WEAR BEHAVIOR OF CU-BASED BRAKE PADS USED IN HIGH-SPEED TRAINS AND PREDICTION THROUGH STATISTICAL AND NEURAL NETWORK MODELS
Full text linkThe aim of this study is to provide insights into the performance of copper-based brake pads used in high-speed trains and contribute to a more predictable braking system by leveraging mathematical and artificial intelligence (AI) models. The wear behavior of Cu-based brake pads in high-speed trains was investigated using a pin-on-disc test setup under different speeds, temperatures, and loads with a constant sliding distance. Additionally, mathematical and AI models were developed to predict the friction coefficient and wear rate values obtained from the experiments. This innovative approach initiates a significant discussion in line with a current need, and the sharing and publication of the obtained results are currently essential to address the knowledge gap in this field. The results revealed that an increase in temperature led to an increase in both the friction coefficient and wear rate. Conversely, an increase in load resulted in a decrease in both the friction coefficient and wear rate. The transition from abrasive wear to adhesive wear occurred due to the softening of copper between friction surfaces, leading to material transfer. According to the results obtained from the models, both the artificial neural network (ANN) and multiple regression models demonstrated comparable accuracy, predicting the friction coefficient with approximately 94% accuracy in both cases, indicating reliable predictions. For the wear rate, the models achieved approximately 90% and 92% accuracy, respectively.Scientific Research Projects Coordination Office of Selcuk University [22201032]The authors acknowledge the support of the Scientific Research Projects Coordination Office of Selcuk University, Project Number: 22201032
Examination of the relationship between variants in the gene region encoding soluble epoxy hydrolase enzyme hydrolytic activity and type 2 diabetes
Full text linkAim: Epoxyeicosanoids function as signal mediators in critical biological processes such as platelet aggregation, vasodilation, and anti -inflammation. With all these properties, Epoxyeicosanoids have been associated with many diseases. Metabolism of epoxyeicosanoids is carried out by soluble epoxide hydrolase enzymes, and as a result dihydroxyeicosatrienoic acids, which is a less active form than epoxyeicosanoids, are formed. In our study, SNP/mutation analysis was performed in the gene region responsible for the hydrolase activity of EPHX2, which encodes the soluble epoxide hydrolase enzyme. Material and Methods: The study consisted of two groups: a healthy group with 30 individuals and a T2DM patient group with 40 individuals. SNP/mutation analysis in the gene region responsible for the hydrolase activity of EPHX2 in both groups was performed by Sanger sequencing using appropriate primers. Result: A total of 12 mutations were detected in both groups as a result of Sanger sequencing. Two of the 12 detected mutations were missense mutations (p.Asn359Thr and p.Ser412Arg). It was determined that the pathogenic scores of these mutations were close to 1 for Poly-Phen2 and 0-100 for SNAP. In addition, two (c.1058+165C>T and c.1058+146G>A) SNPs were detected in the intron we observed in the T2DM group, which has not been detected and defined before in our study. Discussion: We believe that the mutations detected in our study, especially those that cause amino acid changes, may cause T2DM susceptibility in healthy individuals and progression of the disease pathogenesis in the T2DM group. We think that the detection of c.1058+165C>T and c.1058+146G>A mutations for the first time in our study will guide the next studies.TUBITAK (The Scientific andTechnological Research Council of Turkey) [222S679]Funding: This work was supported by TUBITAK (The Scientific andTechnological Research Council of Turkey) under grand number 222S679
Estudio de la repetibilidad de mediciones obtenidas mediante posicionamiento cinemático de red en tiempo real para diferentes momentos del día
Full text linkThe network real-time kinematic (NRTK) positioning technique is currently used in numerous applications. The aim of this study was to better understand the process of obtaining accurate positions by statistically evaluating the significance of differences between repeated measurements for a single point at different times of the day (morning, noon, and evening) using the Virtual Reference Station (VRS), Fl & auml;chen Korrektur Parameter (FKP), and Master Auxiliary Concept (MAC) correction methods. An analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to this effect. Further analysis was carried out to determine the accuracy and precision of the coordinate differences obtained via a static GNSS (global navigation satellite system) and by averaging the repeated measurements. It was determined that the accuracy and precision of the vertical component of the coordinates were lower than that of the horizontal component. The FKP correction method yielded the best results. It was observed that the accuracy and precision of the measurements taken at noon were the lowest. The ANOVA showed that the differences between repeated measurements were statistically significant and that there were outlier measurements. The results of this study are important for NRTK users to be able to statistically evaluate different measurement configurations and obtain positions with the desired accuracy and precision.I would like to thank my students, as well as the Land Registry and Cadastre General Directorate for providing the TUSAGA data
Genome-wide characterization and expression analysis of GATA transcription factors under combination of light wavelengths and drought stress in potato
Full text linkGATA is one of the prominent transcription factor families conserved among many organisms in eukaryotes and has different biological roles in many pathways, particularly in light regulation in plants. Although GATA transcription factors (TFs) have been identified in different crop species, their roles in abiotic stress tolerance have not been studied in potato. In this study, we identified 32 GATA TFs in potato (Solanum tuberosum) by in silico analyses, and expression levels of selected six genes were investigated in drought-tolerant (Sante) and sensitive (Agria) cultivars under light, drought, and combined (light + drought) stress conditions. According to the phylogenetic results, StGATA TFs were divided into four main groups (I, II, III, and IV) and different sub-groups in I and II (eight and five, respectively). StGATA genes were uniformly localized to each chromosome with a conserved exon/intron structure. The presence of cis-elements within the StGATA family further supported the possible involvement in abiotic stress tolerance and light response, tissue-specific expression, and hormonal regulation. Additional PPI investigations showed that these networks, especially for Groups I, II, and IV, play a significant role in response to light and drought stress. Six StGATAs were chosen from these groups for expressional profiling, and their expression in both Sante and Agria was mainly downregulated under purple and red lights, drought, and combined stress (blue + drought and purple + drought). The interactomes of selected StGATAs, StGATA3, StGATA24, and StGATA29 were analyzed, and the accessions with GATA motifs were checked for expression. The results showed that the target proteins, cyclin-P3-1, SPX domain-containing protein 1, mitochondrial calcium uniporter protein 2, mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase YODA, and splicing factor 3 B subunit 4-like, mainly play a role in phytochrome-mediated stomatal patterning, development, and activity. Understanding the interactions between drought stress and the light response mechanisms in potato plants is essential. It will eventually be possible to enhance potato resilience to climate change by manipulating the TFs that play a role in these pathways.Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUEBITAK)We would like to acknowledge our gratitude to Potato Research Group (NOHU, Tuerkiye) for providing us with the in vitro plant material for cultivars Agria and Sante. This study received grant for open access from The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUEBITAK)
Molecular characterization of spiroplasma endosymbionts in ticks on tortoises in Niğde province
Full text linkFen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Biyoteknoloji Ana Bilim DalıBu tez çalışması Niğde yöresi kaplumbağa kenelerinde Spiroplasma endosimbiyontlarının moleküler olarak belirlenmesi için yapılmıştır. Bu amaçla Haziran'da 17, Temmuz'da 22, Ağustos'ta 21 ve Eylül ayında 28 olmak üzere HaziranEylül 2022 tarihleri arasında toplam 88 kaplumbağa incelenmiştir. Toplanan keneler tür tanımlaması yapılana kadar %70'lik etil alkol içerisinde saklanmıştır. Enfeste belirlenen kaplumbağalardan toplam 184 kene toplanmış (167 erkek ve 17 dişi) ve bu kenelerin tamamı Hyalomma aegyptium olarak teşhis edilmiştir. Kaplumbağalardan toplanan 184 kene örneği her bir kaplumbağaya ait olacak şekilde erkek ve dişi olarak separe edilmiş ve sonrasında toplam 68 kene havuzu oluşturulmuştur. Kene havuzlarından ticari kit ile genomik DNA (gDNA) ekstraksiyonu yapılmıştır. gDNA izolatları Spiroplasma 16S rRNA (1000 bp) gen bölgesi yönünden spesifik primerlerle PCR analizine tabi tutulmuştur. Çalışma sonucunda Spiroplasma spp. için toplam 88 kaplumbağanın 4'ünden (%4.5) toplanan kenelerde pozitiflik tespit edilmiştir. Toplanan 184 kenede Spiroplasma pozitifliği %3.2 (6 kene) olarak belirlenmiştir. Pozitif çıkan keneler; Temmuz ve Eylül aylarında tespit edilmiş ve tamamı erkek kene olarak belirlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak, Niğde yöresinde kaplumbağa kenelerinde Spiroplasma spp. moleküler olarak ilk kez bu çalışma ile saptanmıştır. Anahtar sözcükler: Kaplumbağa, Hyalomma aegyptium, Niğde, PCR, Spiroplasma,The study was carried out to molecularly identify Spiroplasma endosymbionts in tortoise ticks in the Niğde province. For this purpose, a total of 88 tortoises were examined between June and September 2022, including 17 in June, 22 in July, 21 in August and 28 in September. The collected ticks were stored in 70% ethyl alcohol until examination and species identification. A total of 184 ticks were collected from the infested tortoise (167 males and 17 females) and all of these ticks were identified as Hyalomma aegyptium. 184 tick samples collected from tortoise were separated into male and female for each tortoise, and then a total of 68 tick pools were created. Genomic DNA (gDNA) was extracted from tick pools with a commercial kit. gDNA isolates were subjected to PCR analysis with primers specific for the Spiroplasma 16S rRNA (1000 bp) gene region. As a result of the study, Spiroplasma spp. positivity was detected in ticks collected from 4 of a total of 88 tortoise (4.5%). Spiroplasma positivity was determined as 3.2% (6 ticks) in 184 ticks collected. Positive ticks were detected in July and September and all of them were identified as male ticks. In conclusion, this study was the first molecular detection of Spiroplasma spp. in tortoise ticks in Niğde province. Keywords: Tortoise, Hyalomma aegyptium, Niğde, PCR, Spiroplasm
Investigation of the psychometric properties of the Comprehensive Feeding Practices Questionnaire in Turkish parents
Full text linkObjective: The Comprehensive Feeding Practices Questionnaire (CFPQ) measures parental attitudes towards feeding practices that directly influence children's eating habits. This study aims to determine the reliability and validity of the Turkish adaptation of the CFPQ developed by Musher-Eizenman et al. Design: Validity and reliability analyses were conducted for the Turkish version of the CFPQ (T-CFPQ). In addition to reliability analyses and partial correlations between scale dimensions, correlations between scale dimensions according to mothers' BMI and children's BMI z-scores were also examined. Setting: Parents with children aged 18 months to 8 years living in the community. Participants: The study sample consisted of 274 parents with children aged 18 months to 8 years who agreed to participate in the online survey. Results: In this study, forty-seven items and twelve-factor structure describing feeding practices were supported by the confirmatory factor analysis. Although most of the dimensions of the T-CFPQ showed significant correlations with each other, the highest correlation was found between the encourage balance/variety and the dimension of modelling and teaching nutrition (r = 053; 050) (P < 005). There was a negative correlation between the child's BMI z-score and the pressure to eat dimension (r = -0173; P < 001) and a positive correlation between the restriction for weight dimension (r = 0339; P < 001). Maternal BMI was negatively associated with the involvement dimension (r = -0121; P < 005) and positively associated with the restriction for weight dimension (r = 0154; P < 001). Conclusions: The findings revealed that the T-CFPQ is a valid and reliable measurement tool that can be applied to obtain the necessary information for evaluating nutritional interactions between parent and child.None
The Effect of Attention Focus Instructions on Strength and Balance in Subjects With Generalized Joint Hypermobility
Full text linkThis study aims to examine the effects of different attention focuses on muscle strength and balance performance in individuals with Generalized Joint Hypermobility (GJH). This randomized crossover trial included 32 individuals with GJH whose Beighton score was greater than 5. Subjects performed each task under external attentional focus, internal attentional focus, and neutral attentional focus condition. Knee extensor muscle strength was measured using the Isokinetic Dynamometer. Postural stability was evaluated using the Biodex Balance System, while dynamic balance was assessed using the Y Balance Test. The main effects of attentional focus on the outcomes were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA and post-hoc corrections with a 95% confidence interval. Subjects produced significantly higher quadriceps peak torque during external focus instruction and internal focus instruction compared to neutral condition (p = .006). Postural stability performance were found to be better during external attention focus compared to the internal focus of attention and the neutral group (p = .008). In addition, an increase in Y balance composite score was observed during external condition compared to internal condition and neutral condition (p < .001). Whether internal or external, the use of attentional focus may be beneficial for optimal force production during training in individuals with GJH. External attention focus enabled better postural stability and dynamic balance performances
Knockdown of orthotospovirus-derived silencing suppressor gene by plant-mediated RNAi approach induces viral resistance in tomato
Full text linkRNA interference (RNAi) shows significant effectiveness in conferring resistance to viral infections in various plants. The current study was conducted to develop transgenic tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum cv. Rio Grande) lines expressing a 320 bp conserved inverted region of the integral 35S promoter region. The molecular cloning was done for the construction of expression vectors in a hairpin structure by the Tomato spotted wilt orthotospovirus (TSWV) species Orthotospovirus tomatomaculae , silencing suppressor ( NSs ) gene. It contains both sense and antisense orientation in a binary vector pFGC5941. Short hairpin RNA (shRNA) structures were employed to reduce the possibility of inducing endogenous non-specific antiviral responses, which usually target longer double -stranded RNAs (dsRNAs). To confirm the transgenic plants, molecular analysis was performed using TSWV gene -specific primers (TSWV- NSs ). Based on the EHA105 Agrobacterium strain and the pFGC5941 vector carrying NSs and nptII genes in the T -DNA region, the results validate the insertion of kanamycin resistance into the regenerated transgenic plants. The virus source harboring TSWV was used to inoculate putative transgenic plants for evaluating the confirmation of successful transformation strategy for inducing virus resistance. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) assays were performed by using qRT- NSs primer pairs to determine the relative gene expression of all constructs (TSWV- NSs both sense and antisense orientation) after inoculations. In comparison to the control groups, which contained wild type control (non-transgenic tomato plant), empty pFGC5941 vector and the pFGC5941 +sense construct, the expression of the NSs gene was noticeably reduced in the full clone (pFGC5941 +sense + antisense) construct. For the validation of RNAi effectiveness, Nicotiana tabacum plants were also inoculated with viral constructs. Specifically, they displayed severe symptoms of TSWV in plants containing the pFGC5941 +sense, pFGC5941 empty vector, and in wild -type tomato plants that are correlated with bioassay results. The lack of TSWV symptoms validated the hypothesis after careful observation of the expression of NSs genes in terms of pathogenicity. This research demonstrates the RNA interference effectiveness by targeting NSs gene as a reliable technique for achieving long lasting antiviral protection in tomatoes. The findings have practical relevance and the potential to be a tool for limiting tomato crop losses caused by TSWV worldwide