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Determination of Beauveria bassiana's antagonist properties against various fungi
Get PDFFen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Biyoteknoloji Ana Bilim DalıBu çalışmada, entomopatojenik fungus türü olan Beauveria bassiana 01YA suşunun çeşitli fitopatojenik funguslara karşı antagonistik etkileri araştırılmıştır. İkili kültür testleri, B. bassiana'nın Fusarium oxysporum, F. equiseti, F. redolens, F. solani, Sclerotinia minor, S. sclerotiorum, Verticillium dahliae ve Phytophthora cryptogea gibi test edilen fitopatojenik fungusların misel gelişimini engellediği, bunlara karşı yüksek inhibitör etkisi gösterdiği ve hücre duvarını parçalayan kitinaz ve proteaz enzimlerini üreterek büyümelerini engellediğini gözlemlenmiştir. Ayrıca, B. bassiana 01YA suşu yüksek proteinaz ve amilaz aktivitelerini gösterirken, selülaz aktivitesi diğer türler ile istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir farklılık göstermemiştir. B. bassiana 01YA'nın, T. pleuroticola 51YA ve Clonostachys rosea 51YAG izolatlarına belirgin antagonist sınırlar oluştururken, diğer Trichoderma türlerinin ise daha düşük seviyelerde antagonist sınırlar oluşturduğu tespit edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, B. bassiana ve Trichoderma türlerinin kombinasyonu, tarımda biyolojik mücadeleyi geliştirip sürdürülebilir uygulamaları teşvik edebilir. Bu kombinasyonun anlaşılması, biyolojik kontrol stratejilerinin etkinliğini artırabilir ve kimyasal yöntemlere olan bağımlılığı azaltabilir.In this study, the antagonistic effects of the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana 01YA strain against various phytopathogenic fungi were investigated. Dual culture tests showed that B. bassiana inhibited mycelial growth of the tested phytopathogenic fungi such as Fusarium oxysporum, F. equiseti, F. redolens, F. solani, Sclerotinia minor, S. sclerotiorum, Verticillium dahliae and Phytophthora cryptogea, showed high inhibitory effect against them and inhibited their growth by producing cell wall degrading chitinase and protease enzymes. In addition, B. bassiana 01YA strain showed high proteinase and amylase activities, while cellulase activity. It was found that B. bassiana 01YA formed significant antagonist borders to T. pleuroticola 51YA and Clonostachys rosea 51YAG isolates, while other Trichoderma species formed antagonist borders at lower levels. In conclusion, the combined use of B. bassiana and Trichoderma species can improve biological control and promote sustainable practices by reducing chemical use in agriculture
Experimental improvement of the performance of the open cathode-direct methanol fuel cell stack by magnetic field effect
Get PDFOpen Cathode Direct Methanol Fuel Cell (OC-DMFC) stack performance is achieved at different methanol temperatures (25, 40, 55 and 70 degrees C), methanol concentrations (0.5, 1, 2 and 4 M) and air flow rates (3.5, 4.8 and 6.4 m/s). Each parameter, whose performance was tested separately, was presented by making comparisons within itself. The effect of performance changes on peak power densities under relatively low electromagnetic fields (4.7, 12.4, 28 and 35 mT) was investigated by exposing the 10-cell OC-DMFC stack to a magnetic field with the help of ferritic magnets. Ferritic magnets placed on the OC-DMFC stack anode and cathode surfaces, It is designed to create an electromagnetic field. Thus, the magnetic field affected both surfaces. When the magnetic field was 35 mT, the OC-DMFC reached a power density of 17.5 mW cm(-2). When the DMFC stack is exposed to the magnetic field, its performance is increased by similar to 16%
Examination of primary school students' motivation to read
Get PDFEğitim Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Temel Eğitim Ana Bilim Dalı, Sınıf Öğretmenliği Eğitimi Bilim DalıBu çalışmada ilkokul 4.sınıf öğrencilerinin okuma motivasyonlarının çeşitli değişkenler açısından incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Betimsel tarama yöntemi kullanılan çalışma Gaziantep İli, Şehitkâmil İlçesi'ne bağlı 4 devlet ilkokulunda öğrenim gören 400 adet 4.sınıf öğrencisi ile gerçekleşmiştir. Araştırma 2022-2023 Eğitim Öğretim yılı içerisinde yürütülmüştür. Veri toplama aracı olarak Wang ve Guthrie (2004) tarafından geliştirilen "Okuma Motivasyonu Ölçeği" kullanılmıştır. Yıldız (2010) tarafından Türkçe'ye çevrilen ve Durmuş (2014) tarafından açıklayıcı faktör analizi yapılarak yeniden uyarlanan bu ölçek alınan izinler doğrultusunda araştırmada kullanılmıştır. Kolmogorov-Smirnov normallik testi uygulanan verilerin normal dağılım göstermesi sonucunda istatiksel analizlerde T-Testi, tek yönlü varyans analizi (ANOVA) ve farkların hangi gruplar arasında olduğunu belirlemek için LSD testi uygulanmıştır. Katılımcıların cinsiyetleri, okul öncesi eğitim durumu, kendilerine ait kütüphaneye sahip olma durumuna göre anlamlı farklılığı T-Testi kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Katılımcının anne ve babasının eğitim durumuna göre anlamlı farklılığını test etmek için tek yönlü varyans analizi (ANOVA) testi kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada bulguların analiz edilmesi ile kız öğrencilerin okuma motivasyonları erkek öğrencilerden anlamlı olarak daha yüksek çıkmıştır. Okuma motivasyonu anne eğitim durumuna göre anlamlı farklılık göstermemiştir. Fakat baba eğitim durumuna göre anlamlı farklılıklardan söz etmek mümkündür. Ortaokul mezunu babaların çocukları en düşük okuma motivasyonuna sahipken, Lise mezunu babaların çocukları en yüksek okuma motivasyonuna sahiptir. Okuma motivasyonunda okul öncesi eğitim alma faktörünün etkisi incelendiğinde, okul öncesi eğitim almış öğrencilerde okuma motivasyonu yüksek çıkarken okul öncesi eğitim almamış öğrencilerde bu motivasyonun daha düşük çıktığı görülmüştür. Evlerinde kendilerine ait bir kütüphanesi olan öğrencilerin evlerinde kütüphane olmayan öğrencilere göre okuma motivasyonlarının anlamlı olarak daha yüksek çıktığı sonucuna varılmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlar diğer okuma motivasyonu üzerine yapılmış araştırmalar ile karşılaştırılmış ve sonuç bölümünde önerilerde bulunmuştur.In this study, it was aimed to examine the reading motivation of primary school 4th grade students in terms of various variables. The study, in which descriptive survey method was used, was carried out with 400 4th grade students studying in 4 public primary schools in Şehitkamil District of Gaziantep Province. The research was conducted during the 2022-2023 academic year. The "Reading Motivation Scale" developed by Wang and Guthrie (2004) was used as a data collection tool. This scale, which was translated into Turkish by Yıldız (2010) and re-adapted by Durmuş (2014) by explanatory factor analysis, was used in the research in line with the permissions obtained. As a result of the Kolmogorov-Smirnov normality test, it was concluded that the data conformed to the normal distribution, and as a result, T-Test, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and LSD test were applied to determine which groups the differences were between the statistical analysis. T-Test was used to determine whether there was a significant difference according to gender, having received preschool education and having their own or a shared library at home. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) test was used to determine whether there was a significant difference according to the educational status of the mother and father. With the analysis of the findings in the study, the reading motivation of female students was found to be significantly higher than male students. Reading motivation did not differ significantly according to maternal education level. However, it is possible to talk about significant differences according to the education level of the father. While children of fathers who are secondary school graduates have the lowest reading motivation, children of fathers who are high school graduates have the highest reading motivation. When the effect of preschool education factor on reading motivation was examined, it was seen that reading motivation was high in students who received preschool education, while this motivation was lower in students who did not receive preschool education. Significantly, it was concluded that the students who had their own library at home had higher motivation to read than the students who did not have a library at home. The results obtained were compared with other studies on reading motivation and suggestions were made in the conclusion section
Interplay of teacher feedback, parental involvement and peer support on homework engagement of students
Get PDFThe purpose of the present research was to examine the interplay between teacher feedback, parental involvement and peer support and on homework engagement of students. The research adopted correlation research model, and the participants of the research were students (n = 450) in the central region of Turkey. In the research, 'Teacher Feedback in Homework Scale', 'Parental Involvement in Homework Scale', 'Peer Support in Homework Scale' and 'Homework Engagement Scale' were used as data collection instruments. For the analyses, Pearson product-moment correlation and hierarchical multiple regression analyses were performed. The results showed that all research variables have a positive significant correlation with each other. Also, the analysis indicated that teacher feedback, parental involvement and peer support predicted homework engagement of students significantly
Serum iron and ferritin levels in female patients with gingivitis and periodontitis
Get PDFAim: The aim of the study was to compare serum ferritin and iron levels and periodontal status in pre- and post-menopausal female patients. Materials and Methods: A total of 108 systemically healthy patients were included in the study, 63 patients in the pre-menopause group and 45 patients in the post-menopause group. The periodontal diagnosis was made according to the new periodontal disease classification of the American Academy of Periodontology and the European Federation of Periodontology Serum Iron (mu g/dL) and Serum Ferritin (ng/mL) values were analysed in patients divided into groups according to menopausal status and periodontal status. Result: The mean ferritin in pre-menopausal women (34.96 +/- 27.87 ng/mL) was lower than the mean ferritin in post-menopausal women (64.24 +/- 36.05 ng/mL), and this difference was found to be statistically significant (P<0.001). There was no statistically significant difference between the averages of iron and ferritin according to periodontal diagnosis in pre-menopausal women (P = 0.200 and P = 0.858). A statistically significant difference was found between serum ferritin averages according to periodontal diagnosis in post-menopausal women (P < 0.001). Serum ferritin at % Interdental bone loss = 0 in Post-M was 33.93 +/- 8.65 ng/mL; 47.51 +/- 16.17 ng/mL in Stage 1 periodontitis; 72.66 +/- 18.12 ng/mL in Stage 2 periodontitis; It was found to be 87.4 +/- 47.1 ng/mL in Stage 3-4 periodontitis. Conclusion: Serum ferritin values might vary depending on the presence or severity of periodontitis in post-menopausal women
INVESTIGATION OF HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS’ EXPOSURE TO PHUBBING BEHAVIOR
Get PDFAs a social being, humans today have the opportunity to interact with different online users, access information quickly, and socialize thanks to advancing technology and the internet. However, excessive and uncontrolled time spent on the internet and the excessive use of cell phones, which can reach the level of addiction, bring about problems in social relationships, feelings of deprivation, and situations such as mobile device or technology addiction. The situation of not being able to live without a phone and consciously ignoring the people around oneself is beginning to be defined as \"phubbing\" (phone snubbing). Individuals exhibiting phubbing behavior experience problems in both their professional and social relationships. In order to propose the necessary solutions to these problems, it would be appropriate to determine the situation before working life. The aim of this study is to examine phubbing behavior among high school students in terms of different demographic variables (type of school, gender, grade level, family relationships, friendship relationships, duration of internet usage). The study was conducted based on a survey design, one of the quantitative research methods. The General Phubbing Scale was used as the data collection tool in the study. A total of 353 students from private and public high schools in a province in the Central Anatolia region during the 2022-2023 academic year participated in the research. In addition to descriptive statistics, tests examining differences between means [independent sample t-test and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA)] were used for the analysis of the quantitative data obtained from the scale. When the findings of the study were examined, no significant difference was seen in terms of phubbing behavior according to the gender variable. However, significant differences were concluded in the cases of school type, duration of phone usage, and family and friendship relationships in terms of exhibiting phubbing behavior among students. In line with the data obtained as a result of the research, various suggestions were made to parents and young people to avoid this behavior
Mi·neralogical, petrographical, and geochemi·cal investigation of bi·lezi·k tepe (Göre, Nevşehi·r) and its surroundings
Get PDFFen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Jeoloji Mühendisliği Ana Bilim DalıBu çalışma, Orta Anadolu Volkanik Provensi (OAVP) içerisinde yer alan Göre (Nevşehir) bölgesinde yakın zamanda keşfedilen bentonitlerin mineralojik-petrografik ve jeokimyasal özelliklerinin ortaya konulması ve aynı zamanda alterasyon minerallerinin belirlenmesini hedeflemektedir. Bu doğrultuda optik ve elektron mikroskop, X-ışınları kırınımı, X-ışınları fluoresans spektrometresi, indüktif eşleşmiş plazma-kütle spektrometresi incelemeleri gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışma alanında, genel olarak Aşıkidağ Andeziti, Kavak İgnimbiriti ve Kumtepe İgnimbiriti birimleri gözlenmektedir. Çoğunlukla piroklastik (ignimbirit) ve kısmen lav ürünlerini etkileyen alterasyon boz-sarımsı beyazımsı renkli silisli ve grimsi yeşil, yeşil renkli kil mineral oluşumlarına neden olmuştur. Altere örnekler başlıca silis mineralleri (kuvars, kristobalit, opal-CT), kil (simektit, (montmorillonit), ± illit), ferromagnezyen minerali olarak biyotit ± piroksen minerali, feldispat grubu (K-feldspat ve plajiyoklaz) mineralleri içermektedir. Simektitin yapısal formülü 11 oksijen atom bazına göre: (Na, Ca, K)0.3-0.4(Al, Fe, Mg)2 (Si4O10) (OH)2 şekline sahip montmorillonitik dioktahedral Ca-simektit olarak belirlenmiştir. Katyon değişim kapasitesi (KDK) değerleri 0.190-0.761 meq/gr aralığındadır ve simektit içerikleriyle doğru orantılı bir artıştadır. Ana oksit ve iz element bileşimlerine göre düşük-orta dereceli alterasyon ürünü ignimbiritler ile yüksek dereceli alterasyon ürünü bentonitler alkali karakterli traki-andezitik (ortaç) bileşimli magmadan türemiştir. Anahtar sözcükler: Bentonit, simektit, Katyon değişim kapasitesiThis study aims to reveal the mineralogical-petrographic and geochemical properties of the bentonites recently discovered in the Göre (Nevşehir) region, located in the Central Anatolian Volcanic Province (OAVP), and also to determine the alteration minerals. In this regard, optical and electron microscopes, X-ray diffraction, X-ray fluorescence spectrometry, and inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry examinations were carried out. In the study area, Aşıkidağ Andesite, Kavak Ignimbrite, and Kumtepe Ignimbrite units are generally observed. The alteration, which mostly affects pyroclastic (ignimbrite) and partly lava products, has resulted in gray-yellowish-whitish siliceous and grayish-green clay mineral formations. Altered samples mainly include silica minerals (quartz, cristobalite, opal-CT), clay (smectite, montmorillonite, ± illite), biotite ± pyroxene mineral as a ferromagnesian mineral, and feldspar group minerals (K-feldspar and plagioclase). Is the based on 11 oxygen atoms: (Na, Ca, K)0.3-0.4(Al, Fe, Mg)2 (Si4O10) (OH)2 It was determined as montmorillonite dioctahedral Ca-smectite. Cation exchange capacity (CEC) values are in the range of 0.190-0.761 meq/g and increase in direct proportion to the smectite contents. According to major and trace element compositions, low-medium grade alteration product ignimbrites and high-grade alteration product bentonites are derived from alkaline magma with trachy-andesitic (intermediate) composition. Keywords: Bentonites, Smectite, Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC)
Fermatean fuzzy framework based on preference selection index and combined compromise solution methods for green supplier selection in textile industry
Get PDFThis work aims to enhance the efficiency and dependability of the green supplier selection process by developing a decision support tool. Thereby, a novel fuzzy group multi-criteria decision-making approach based on the Preference Selection Index (PSI) and Combined Compromise Solution (CoCoSo) methods under the Fermatean Fuzzy (FF) environment for green supplier selection is proposed. The primary novelties and contributions are: (i) for the first time, the FF-PSI model is developed to extract the priority weight values of criteria, (ii) an improved FF-CoCoSo methodology is proposed, and (ii) the FF-PSI-CoCoSo framework is offered for resolving challenging real-life problems. To present the framework's practicality, a real-case study evaluating six suppliers concerning nine drives under economics, environmental, and technological aspects in a textile company in Turkey is conducted. The results indicate that green warehousing is the most essential driver for green suppliers, followed by recycling and damaged product ratio. A detailed sensitivity and comparison check is further conducted to display the solidity and effectiveness of the proposed framework. The suggested framework offers a reliable solution for green supplier selection and a precise sustainable rating of suppliers. Moreover, it can be addressed to solve various challenging real-world problems
Forecasting future scenarios of coastline changes in Turkiye's Seyhan Basin: a comparative analysis of statistical methods and Kalman Filtering (2033-2043)
Get PDFComplex changes in coastlines are increasing with climate, sea level, and human impacts. Remote Sensing (RS) and Geographic Information Systems (GIS) provide critical information to rapidly and precisely monitor environmental changes in coastal areas and to understand and respond to environmental, economic, and social impacts. This study aimed to determine the temporal changes in the coastline of the Seyhan Basin, Turkiye, using Landsat satellite images from 1985 to 2023 on the Google Earth Engine (GEE) platform. The approximately 50 km of coastline was divided into three regions and analyzed using various statistical techniques with the Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS) tool. In Zone 1, the maximum coastal accretion was 1382.39 m (Net Shoreline Movement, NSM) and 1430.63 m (Shoreline Change Envelope, SCE), while the maximum retreat was -76.43 m (NSM). Zone 2 showed low retreat and accretion rates, with maximum retreat at -2.39 m/year (End Point Rate, EPR) and -2.45 m/year (Linear Regression Rate, LRR), and maximum accretion at 0.99 m/year (EPR) and 0.89 m/year (LRR). Significant changes were observed at the mouth of the Seyhan delta in Zone 3. According to the NSM method, the maximum accretion was 1337.72 m, and maximum retreat was 1301.4 m; the SCE method showed a maximum retreat of 1453.65 m. EPR and LRR methods also indicated high retreat and accretion rates. Statistical differences between the methods were assessed using the Kruskal-Wallis H test and ANOVA test. Generally, NSM and EPR methods provided similar results, while other methods varied by region. Additionally, the Kalman filtering model was used to predict the coastline for 2033 and 2043, identifying areas vulnerable to future changes. Comparisons were made to determine the performance of Kalman filtering. In the 10-year and 20-year future forecasts for determining the coastline for the years 2033 and 2043 with the Kalman filtering model, it was determined that the excessive prediction time negatively affected the performance in determining the coastal boundary changes.Trkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Arascedil;timath;rma KurumuThe author is thankful to the U.S. Geological Survey for providing facilities to carry out this study by making the data available in open access
Local application of gingiva-derived mesenchymal stem cells on experimental periodontitis in rats
Get PDFBackground: Stem cell-based approaches in regenerative periodontal therapy have been used in different experimental models. In this study, the effect of local application of gingival mesenchymal stem cells (GMSC) in fibroin/chitosan oligosaccharide lactate hydrogel (F/COS) on periodontal regeneration was evaluated using experimental periodontitis model in rats.Methods: Mesenchymal stem cells were isolated from the gingiva of rats and characterized. Viability tests and confocal imaging of GMSC in hydrogels were performed. Healthy control without periodontitis (Health; H; n=10), control with periodontitis but no application (Periodontitis; P; n=10), only hydrogel application (F/COS; n=10), and GMSC+F/COS (n=10) four groups were formed for in vivo studies. Experimental periodontitis was created with silk sutures around the maxillary second molars. GMSC labeled with green fluorescent protein (GFP) (250,000 cells/50 mu L) in F/COS were applied to the defect. Animals were sacrificed at 2nd and 8th weeks and maxillae of the animals were evaluated by micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) and histologically. The presence of GFP-labeled GMSC was confirmed at the end of 8 weeks.Results: Micro-CT analysis showed statistically significant new bone formation in the F/COS+GMSC treated group compared with the P group at the end of 8 weeks (p 0.05). Long junctional epithelium formation was less in the F/COS+GMSC group compared with the P group. Periodontal ligament and connective tissue were well-organized in F/COS+GMSC group.Conclusion: The results showed that local GMSC application in hydrogel contributed to the formation of new periodontal ligament and alveolar bone in rats with experimental periodontitis. Since gingiva is easly accessible tissue, it is promising for autologous cell-based treatments in clinical applications.This study was supported by the Selcuk University Scientific Research Projects Coordinatorship (Project No: 20132006). The authors do not have any financial interest in the companies whose materials are included in this article. This study was presented or [20132006]; Selcuk University Scientific Research Projects CoordinatorshipThis study was supported by the Selcuk University Scientific Research Projects Coordinatorship (Project No: 20132006). The authors do not have any financial interest in the companies whose materials are included in this article. This study was presented orally at the 51st International Scientific Congress of the Turkish Periodontology Society and received the 1st prize