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The relationship between home environment affordances and motor development and sensory processing skills in premature infants
Get PDFThe availability of stimulating materials in the home environment is of great importance to optimizing an infant's development. This study, which has a cross-sectional study design, was conducted to examine the relationship between home environment conditions and equipment support and the motor development and sensory processing skills of premature infants. Children born premature, aged 10-16 months, were included in the study. Motor development was evaluated with the Peabody Motor Development Scale-2, and sensory processing skills were evaluated with the Test of Sensory Function in Infants. The Affordances in the Home Environment for Motor Development-Infant Scale was used to evaluate the home environment. A total of 51 premature infants were included in the study. It was determined that there was a significant relationship between physical space, stimulus variety and fine motor toys in the home environment and Peabody Motor Development Scale-2 gross motor and fine motor development scores. It was also shown that there was a relationship between the tactile and total scores of the Test of Sensory Function in Infants Scale and the variety of stimuli in the home environment and gross motor toy scores. These findings show that the opportunities provided in the home environment of premature infants may be related to their motor development and sensory processing skills. Consequently, the home environment may be associated with experiencing movements and sensory experiences.Ethics Committee of Gazi University [E-77082166-604.01.02-344211]This study was performed in line with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Approval was granted by the Ethics Committee of Gazi University (#E-77082166-604.01.02-344211, Date: 19.04.2022) . A signed parent -informed consent form was obtained from the families of all infants participating in the study
Sensorless speed controller of an induction motor with MRAS-based model predictive control
Get PDFSpeed sensors play critical role in induction motor (IM) control systems. However, the use of these sensors cause several drawbacks such as increasing the overall cost, decreased reliability on control and increased noise problems in data acquisition. The sensorless control methods also have been proposed in control systems of IM to increase the overall performance. On the other hand, model predictive controllers (MPCs) which is one of the most recently used controller methods require the speed measurement to perform speed and torque control of an IM. In addition to control method, the topology of voltage source inverter (VSI) affects the overall efficiency of the IM drive because of its losses and total harmonic distortion (THD) ratios delivered by the topology. The main proposal of this study is to implement an IM drive built with a threelevel active neutral point clamped (3L-ANPC) voltage source inverter (VSI) and to propose an MPC that eliminates sensor requirement in speed control of IM. The proposed IM drive takes benefits of multilevel inverter topology, which reduces the torque ripple, enables low switching frequency and provides decreased harmonic distortion. The switching pulses of ANPC VSI are generated by the proposed sensorless MPC method for controlling the torque of IM. The modelling and experimental verification of the ANPC based IM drive have been carried out and the sensorless MPC controller has been validated in this study. There two types of model reference adaptive system (MRAS) have been proposed to ensure precise estimation of IM speed that should be supplied to MPC controller. These MRAS methods are titled as the rotor flux based model reference adaptive system (MRASF), and the stator current based model reference adaptive system (MRASCC) according to estimation references. The proposed MPC-based IM drive has been analyzed under variable speed and torque circumstances to detect the efficiency and reliability of MRASF and MRASCC algorithms. The efficiency indicators such as flux and torque responses, and speed control of the suggested MPC IM drive are validated with experimental analysis. The results of revealed that the IM effectively tracks the reference speed and produces the required torque depending to the precise control of proposed MPC algorithm
The effect of technological developments on the stock market: evidence from emerging market
Get PDFThis study investigates the effect of High-Frequency Trading on stock liquidity and volatility in Borsa Istanbul, Turkey which is one of the largest emerging markets where high-frequency trading is newly developed. We employ a fixed effect panel estimation model with Driscoll and Kraay correction between January 2016 and December 2020. The finding shows that an increase in high-frequency trading increases the liquidity and volatility. Moreover, the results are similar before the pandemic period and rising market period, whereas the impact of high-frequency trading on liquidity disappears during the pandemic period.Nigde Omer Halisdemir University [SBT 2022/3-LUTEP]This research receives Graduate Thesis Project Grant from Nigde Omer Halisdemir University under the Grant number of SBT 2022/3-LUTEP
Investigation of Cytokines, Biochemical Parameters and Oxidative Stress Levels in Serum of Patients with Acute Pancreatitis
Get PDFObjective: This study aimed to find new serum biochemistry parameters, especially for the early identification of severe AP. In the study serum cytokine levels (TNF-A, IL-1, IL-6, IL-10, IL-21), biochemical parameters (Aquaporin-1, Hepcidine, Iron, Zinc, Copper, Nitric Oxide, C-Reactive protein), and oxidative stress parameters analysis were performed. Method: A total of 46 patients with AP and 46 healthy controls were included in this study. Serum cytokine levels, biochemical, and oxidative stress parameters by the ELISA method, and CRP by the immunoturbidimetric method were measured. Results: When patients with AP and control groups were compared, all studied parameters were found to be statistically significant (p<0.05). However, IL-1 was found to be insignificant (p>0.05). Therefore, the Mann-Whitney U test, which is a non-parametric test, was found suitable to determine whether there was a significant difference between the patient and control groups. Conclusions: Investigating the role of cytokines, oxidative stress and other biochemical parameters in the pathogenesis and course of the disease may contribute to a better understanding of the disease process and its therapeutic value. It showed a significant increase in oxidative stress parameters and biochemical parameters such as aquaporin-1, hepcidin, lipase, and amylase, which may help in the diagnosis of AP
Drum-zurna tradition in Gaziantep music culture
Get PDFSosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Müzikoloji Ana Bilim DalıGaziantep müzik kültüründe düğün, kına vb. etkinliklerde davul-zurna geleneğinin oldukça önemli bir yere sahip olduğu bilinmektedir. Bu çalgıların Anadolu'nun çoğu yöresinde olduğu gibi Gaziantep yöresinde de ilgi görmesi ve düğün vb. geleneksel icra ortamlarının odağında olmasının birçok nedeni olduğu görülmektedir. Gaziantep'in, bir tarım toplumu olması ve harman yerlerindeki geniş alanlarda yapılan düğün vb. etkinliklerde davul-zurna çalgılarının diğer çalgılara göre oldukça gür çıkan sesleri sayesinde duyulabilmesi, kırsalda ses sistemleri teknolojilerinin yaygın olmaması bunlardan en önemlileridir. Halk etkinliklerinde davul-zurna çalgılarının icracılığını Gaziantep yöresinde Abdalların üstlendiği görülmüştür. Geçimlerini gelenekleri çerçevesinde bu yörede davul-zurna icracılığı ile sağlayan Abdallar, zamanla ortaya çıkan kentleşmenin ve bununla ilişkili halk arasında sürekli değişen müzik algısının geleneğe yansımasından etkilenmişlerdir. Bu nedenle davul-zurna geleneğinin günümüzde nasıl bir dönüşüm yaşadığı ve daha önce Gaziantep yöresinde bu alanla ilgili icracılık perspektifini göz önünde bulunduran bir araştırmanın yapılmamış olması, eksiklik olarak görülmüştür. Gaziantep yöresinde davul-zurna geleneğini detaylarıyla ele almak ve bu durumu daha somut verilerle ortaya koyabilmek için yaptığımız bu nitel alan araştırmasında Gaziantep yöresinde tanınan, geleneklere hâkim olan, yöreye icrası ve sanatı ile katkıları olduğu kartopu tekniğiyle tespit edilen dokuz davul-zurna icracısıyla görüşülmüştür. Katılımsız gözlem ve yarı-yapılandırılmış görüşme tekniği kullanılan bu araştırmanın tüm safhalarında yazılı, işitsel ve görsel kayıtlar alınmıştır. Elde edilen tüm veriler analiz edilip sonuçlara ulaşılmış ve elde edilen sonuçlar şeffaf bir şekilde metne aktarılmıştır. Yapılan araştırmalar sonucunda davul-zurna icracılarının Gaziantep müzik kültürü ve Abdallık geleneği çerçevesinde yaşantıları, kentleşmenin icralarına olan etkileri, yöre halkı ile ilgili sosyal ilişkileri ve geleneğe olan katkıları ortaya konulmuştur. Anahtar kelimeler: Davul-Zurna, Abdallık, Gelenek, İcra, Kültür, Gaziantep, Düğün.It is known that the davul and zurna tradition has a very important place in Gaziantep music culture in events such as weddings, henna, etc. It is seen that there are many reasons why these instruments attract attention in Gaziantep region, as in most regions of Anatolia, and why they are at the center of traditional performance environments such as weddings. It has been observed that the performance of davul and zurna instruments in folk events is undertaken by Abdals in Gaziantep region as in most regions. The Abdals, who make their living by performing the davul-zurna within the framework of their traditions, have been affected by the reflection of the urbanization that has emerged over time and the ever-changing perception of music among the people associated with it on the tradition. For this reason, it has been seen as a deficiency that there has not been a study that takes into account the transformation of the davul-zurna tradition today and the perspective of performing in this field in Gaziantep region before. In this qualitative field study, in order to address the davul and zurna tradition in Gaziantep region in detail and to reveal this situation with more concrete data, nine davul and zurna performers who are known in Gaziantep region, who have a good command of traditions, and who have contributed to the region with their performances and art were interviewed with the snowball technique. Written, audio and visual records were taken at all stages of this research, in which unattended observation and semi-structured interview techniques were used. All the data obtained were analyzed and conclusions were reached and the results obtained were transparently transferred to the text. As a result of the studies, the lives of davul-zurna performers within the framework of Gaziantep music culture and Abdallık tradition, the effects of urbanization on their performances, their social relations with the local people and their contributions to the tradition were revealed. Keywords: Davul-Zurna, Abdallık, Tradition, Performance, Culture, Gaziantep, Wedding
THE GENOMIC LANDSCAPE OF THE SWITCH/SUCROSE NON-FERMENTABLE CHROMATIN REMODELING COMPLEX IN ACUTE MYLEOID LEUKEMIA
Get PDFThe SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex is involved in the regulation of gene expression required for processes such as cell maintenance and differentiation in hematopoietic stem cells. Abnormalities in the SWI/SNF subunits involved in the homeostasis of hematologic processes contribute to the initiation or progression of hematologic malignancies, but the mechanisms underlying this phenotype are not yet fully understood. The aim of study is to comprehensively identify mutations and expression profiles in the genes forming the SWI/SNF complex using bioinformatics tools, with a focus on understanding the underlying mechanisms. Genomic sequences and expression profiles of an AML cohort (n:872) were obtained from using tools and subsequently analyzed. PolyPhen-2, SIFT, and Mutation Assessor tools were used to estimate the oncogenic/pathogenic effects of mutations identified in 9 genes encoding subunits of the complex ARID1A, ARID1B, SMARCA2, SMARCA4, SMARCE1, SMARCB1, DPF2, PMBR1, and BCL7A in AML pathogenesis. STRING analysis was performed to better understand the functional relationships of the mutant proteins in cellular processes. Furthermore, to the mutation profile, gene expression and survival profiles were also determined. A total of 17 genetic abnormalities were determined in 9 genes, including 9 missense, 6 frameshift mutations, 1 mutation in the splice region, and 1 fusion mutation. In the AML cohort, the expression levels of ARID1A, ARID1B, SMARCA2, and PMBR1 were significantly higher in the patient group compared to the healthy group (p<0.01). Survival analysis based on low and high gene expression profiles showed no significant difference in results. In STRING analysis, our genes were found to have functional relationships with the PHF10 protein, which is involved in cell cycle control. The results suggest that the mutations identified in the ARID1A, ARID1B, SMARCA2, SMARCA4, and PBRM1 may disrupt the function of SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complexes, possibly inducing/activating different cellular pathways involving different chromatin environments during AML pathogenesis
Do metastatic volumes measured in breast cancer patients with bone metastases correlate with the numbers of skeletal and extraskeletal events?
Get PDFObjectives: The study aimed to investigate the relationship between metastatic volume measurement, skeletal-related events, and survival in women diagnosed with breast cancer and bone metastases. Patients and methods: This retrospective study was conducted with 82 female breast cancer patients (mean age: 53 +/- 14.3 years; range, 23 to 87 years) diagnosed, treated, and followed up between January 2005 and December 2019. The collected data included information on metastasis sites and the presence of skeletal-related events. Metastatic volume was measured in two ways: the number of metastases (high to low) and their localization (the first, second, and third groups). The first group consisted of vertebrae, ribs, sternum, and calvarial bones; the second group included scapula, clavicle, proximal humerus, and proximal femur regions; the third group consisted of femur and humerus diaphyseal and distal regions, as well as metastasis regions in other long bones. Results: Sixty-three (76.8%) patients were diagnosed with ductal carcinoma. Half of the patients had bone metastases at the time of initial diagnosis, while 62 (75.6%) experienced skeletal-related events, with at least three events occurring in 30 (36.6%) patients. Bone pain was the most common skeletal-related event. No correlation was found between metastatic volume measurement based on the localization of bone metastases and the number of bones and the occurrence of skeletal-related events (p>0.05 for each). Patients' survival time spanned from one to 231 months (median: 56.8 months) from their first diagnosis. Patients with high metastatic volume, those in the third group, those whose pelvis and lung were involved, and elderly patients had a shorter survival time (p<0.05 for each). Conclusion: The study indicates that measuring metastatic volume may be a critical factor in evaluating the survival of breast cancer patients with bone metastases. Future prospective and randomized controlled studies can explore the potential of this measurement to create practical clinical tools
Evolution of long-term trends and variability in air temperatures of Kazakhstan for the period 1963-2020
Get PDFThe annual, seasonal, and monthly trends of air temperatures were analyzed for thirteen urban and five rural meteorological stations in Kazakhstan for the 1963-2020 period. The non-parametric Mann-Kendall (M-K) rank correlation and Sen's slope estimator methods and the parametric least-squares linear regression (LSLR) were used to determine whether there were positive or negative statistically significant trends in mean, average maximum, and minimum air temperature time series along with diurnal temperature ranges (DTRs), and temperature differences between five large and small cities. In addition, Kazakhstan's annual and seasonal air temperature series were analyzed in terms of autocorrelation (serial correlation) coefficients. Coefficients of variations indicated that mean annual temperature variability is the highest in northern cities. Results of the M-K trend test indicated that the highest and lowest increases in the mean air temperatures were observed in spring and autumn, respectively. The magnitudes of the significant increasing trends in annual air temperature ranged between 0.23 & DEG;C/decade at Karagandy and 0.54 & DEG;C/decade at Kyzylorda. Annual and seasonal diurnal temperature ranges (DTRs) reveal insignificantly decreasing and increasing trends at most of the stations characterized by urbanization. According to the results of both M-K and LSLR tests, annual and winter air temperature differences of some station pairs tend to significantly increase, which may mean that the differences in the calculated temperature range between large and small cities might have widened significantly. However, significance test for the calculated autocorrelation coefficients of the annual and seasonal air temperature data showed that most of the series clearly appear as a low-frequency variability on the significantly increased long-term averages.The authors would like to thank the National Hydrometeorological Service of Kazakhstan for providing the monthly temperature time series data for this study. The authors would also like to thank the anonymous reviewers for all their valuable and very helpfThe authors would like to thank the National Hydrometeorological Service of Kazakhstan for providing the monthly temperature time series data for this study. The authors would also like to thank the anonymous reviewers for all their valuable and very helpful revising and improving of our paper
NATO's energy security approach and Eurasia
Get PDFSosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Avrasya Araştırmaları Ana Bilim DalıHidrokarbon enerji kaynakları dünya üzerinde sınırlı seviyede ve sınırlı coğrafyalarda bulunan ancak kullanımı konusunda sınırları zorlayan mücadelelerin verildiği, insanlık tarihinin son iki yüz yıllık döneminde bu mücadelelerin fazlasıyla yaşandığı paylaşım sorunu, uluslararası ilişkilerin de temel belirleyicilerinden biri olmuştur. Refah seviyesi yüksek ülkeler kaynak zengini olsun ya da olmasın bir şekilde enerji paylaşımının bir aktörü olmuştur. Bu aktörler münferiden hareket edebildikleri gibi örgütsel kimlikleri ile de hareket edebilmektedirler. Kuzey Atlantik Antlaşması Örgütü (NATO) enerji konusunda Soğuk Savaş sonrasında, bir anlamda güvenlik algılaması geliştirerek kendine yeni bir misyon edinmiştir. Bu misyon birçok coğrafyada enerji güvenliğinin tesisi bağlamında hayata geçirilmeye çalışılmıştır. Enerji güvenliğini sağlamak için yapısal teşkilatlanmalar, askerî harekâtlar ve politik-diplomatik girişimler bunların başında gelmektedir. NATO'nun bu girişimleri kimi coğrafyada benzer amacı taşısa da genelde aynı sonuçları doğurmamıştır. Bu çalışmada enerji güvenliğine etki eden faktörler kavramsal boyutuna da girilerek izah edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Bu çerçevede NATO'nun enerji güvenliği yaklaşımları, Karadeniz'in kuzeyinde ve Hazar'da güç kullanım opsiyonları ve son Rusya-Ukrayna Savaşı da ele alınmak suretiyle literatüre katkı sunmak amaçlanmıştır. Anahtar Kelimeler: Enerji Güvenliği, NATO, Rusya, Karadeniz, HazarThe issue of sharing, where hydrocarbon energy resources are available at limited levels and in limited geographies in the world, but in which there have been struggles pushing the limits regarding their use, and where these struggles have been experienced extensively in the last two hundred years of human history, has become one of the main determinants of international relations. Countries with high levels of prosperity have somehow become actors in energy sharing, regardless of whether they are resource rich or not. These actors can act individually or with their organizational identities. The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) has acquired a new mission for itself by developing a sense of security in the field of energy after the Cold War. This mission has been tried to be implemented in the context of establishing energy security in many geographies. Structural organizations, military operations and political-diplomatic initiatives to ensure energy security are among these. Although these initiatives of NATO had similar purposes in some geographies, they generally did not produce the same results. In this study, the factors affecting energy security have been tried to be explained by entering into their conceptual dimension. In this context, it is aimed to contribute to the literature by discussing NATO's energy security approaches, force use options in the north of the Black Seas and Caspian and the last Russia-Ukraine War. Keywords: Energy Security, NATO, Russia, Black Sea, Caspia
Yangının mod birleştirme analizi sonuçlarına etkisi
Get PDFYapılarda meydana gelebilecek yangın nedeniyle zamana bağlı olarak artan yüksek sıcaklıklar oluşur. Betonarme yapıları oluşturan elemanların rijitlikleri ve kütleleri de bu yüksek sıcaklık nedeniyle etkilenir ve azalır. Yapının deprem kuvvetlerinin analizinde kullanılan yapının titreşim periyotları ve buna bağlı olarak hesaplanan birçok değer değişir. TS-EN 1992 1-2’de yüksek sıcaklığın malzeme özellikleri üzerindeki etkileri için verilen bağıntılar kullanılarak kütle ve rijitlik matrisleri yeniden oluşturulması gerekir. Bu çalışmada yapının kütlesi ve elastisite modülündeki sıcaklığa bağlı değişimler dikkate alınarak seçilen bir betonarme yapının birinci periyotlarındaki, yatay elastik tasarım spektral ivmelerindeki, taban kesme kuvvetlerindeki ve seçilen bir düğüm noktası için yer değiştirmelerindeki değişimler incelenmiştir