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Efectos protectores de silymarin contra toxicidad cardiaca inducida por paclitaxel
Get PDFIn this study, the protectivity of silymarin (SY) against the harmful effects of paclitaxel (PX) on the heart was investigated. PX was administered 2 mg/kg intraperitoneally to the PX group, 100 mg/kg SY was administered by gavage to the SY group, and both drugs were administered to the PX + SY group as other groups. Treatment with SY significantly decreased cardiac troponin I (cTn-I), brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), creatine kinase isoenzyme MB (CK-MB) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels. In the PX group; the decrease in glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels and the increase in malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were significantly normalized with SY administration. Histologically; heart injury was significantly reduced in the PX + SY group compared to the PX group. As a result, it was determined that SY, which has antioxidant, anti-apoptotic and anti-inflammatory effects, could protect the heart tissue from the toxic effects of PX
GENERAL STATUS OF RUMINANT LIVESTOCK IN THE TURKISH REPUBLIC OF NORTHERN CYPRUS
Get PDFAmong other agricultural activities, animal production has the most important strategic importance for the country's economy. In the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus (TRNC), animal production constitutes 45% of the total agricultural production. In response to the increasing population, the need for animal food continues to increase day by day. State hatcheries and many private companies run animal production activities along with small-scale family enterprises. Almost all animal feed raw materials are imported. On the other hand, most of the food of animal origins that is marketed (e.g. meat, milk, egg etc.) is produced in TRNC and the rest is imported when it is necessary. Halloumi, which covers almost all animal-based imported goods, is imported into many countries especially Turkey and Kuwait and contributes to the country’s economy. This study concentrates on the general state of animal production in TRNC and aims to present the current state of ruminant animals (66 thousand head of cattle, 197 thousand head of sheep and 78 thousand head of goat) in the country’s livestock farming, their contributions to the economy and the type of their production
The relationship between empathic tendency and professional sati·sfaction, exhausti·on and compassion fatigue in nurses
Get PDFSağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Hemşirelik Ana Bilim Dalı, Psikiyatri Hemşireliği Bilim DalıBu çalışma, hemşirelerde empatik eğilim ile mesleki tatmin, tükenmişlik ve merhamet yorgunluğu düzeyini belirlemek ve bu değişkenler arasındaki ilişkiyi incelenmek amacıyla tanımlayıcı türde yapılmıştır. Çalışmanın evrenini Niğde Ömer Halisdemir Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi'nde hizmet veren hemşireler oluşturmuş, örneklem seçimine gidilmeyip doğrudan hasta bakımı veren ve araştırmaya katılmayı kabul eden 345 hemşire ile çalışma tamamlanmıştır. Araştırmanın verileri araştırmacılar tarafından ilgili literatür doğrultusunda hazırlanan Kişisel Bilgi Formu, Empatik Eğilim Ölçeği ve Çalışanlar İçin Yaşam Kalitesi Ölçeği kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Araştırmadan elde edilen sayısal veriler arasındaki ilişki Spearman Korelasyon Analizi, gruplar arasındaki farklılık ise Mann-Whitney U ve Kruskall Wallis testi ile değerlendirilmiştir. Araştırmaya katılan hemşirelerin Empatik Eğilim Ölçeği (EEÖ) toplam puan ortalaması 69.74±10.68, Çalışanlar İçin Yaşam Kalitesi Ölçeği (ÇYKÖ) Mesleki Tatmin Alt Boyutu puan ortalaması 31.71±9.86, Tükenmişlik Alt Boyutu puan ortalaması 19.62±6.41, Merhamet Yorgunluğu Alt Boyutu puan ortalaması ise 19.29±6.41'dir. EEÖ ile ÇYKÖ Mesleki Tatmin Alt Boyutu arasında pozitif yönlü yüksek düzeyde (r=.650, p0.05). EEÖ puan ortalaması, cinsiyeti kadın olan, sadece gündüz çalışan, mesleği isteyerek seçen, mesleğinden memnun olan, mesleği bırakmayı düşünmeyen, hastaları anlama konusunda kendini yeterli hisseden, günlük hayatta ve mesleki hayatında merhametli olduğunu düşünen, bakım verdiği hastaların çektiği acıdan etkilenen ve mesleki tükenmişlik hissetmeyen hemşirelerde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı düzeyde yüksek olduğu bulunmuştur. ÇYKÖ Mesleki Tatmin Alt Boyutunun mesleği isteyerek seçme, meslekten memnun olma, mesleği bırakma düşüncesi, hastaları anlama konusunda yeterlilik hissetme, günlük ve mesleki hayatında merhametli olduğunu düşünme, bakım verilen hastaların çektiği acıdan etkilenme ve mesleki tükenmişlik hissetme durumundan etkilendiği saptanmıştır. ÇYKÖ Tükenmişlik Alt Boyutunun mesleği isteyerek seçme, meslekten memnun olma, mesleği bırakma düşüncesi, hastaları anlama konusunda yeterlilik hissetme, günlük ve mesleki hayatında merhametli olduğunu düşünme, bakım verilen hastaların çektiği acıdan etkilenme, merhamet yorgunluğu yaşama ve mesleki tükenmişlik hissetme durumundan etkilendiği görülmüştür. ÇYKÖ Merhamet Yorgunluğu Alt Boyutunun ise günlük hayatında merhametli olduğunu düşünme, bakım verilen hastaların çektiği acıdan etkilenme, hastalara gösterilen merhametin duygusal olarak yorucu olması, merhamet yorgunluğu yaşama ve merhamet yorgunluğu ile baş etmek için tercih edilen stratejiden etkilendiği belirlenmiştir. Sonuçlar, verilen hemşirelik bakımının daha nitelikli olması için hemşirelerin mesleki yaşam kalitesinin iyileştirilmesi gerekliliğini göstermektedir. Bunun için mola fırsatları, rotasyonlar, çalışma alanı değişiklikleri, çalışma saatlerinin düzenlenmesi gibi gerekli kurumsal düzenlemelerin yapılması gerektiği söylenebilir.This descriptive study was conducted to determine the level of empathic tendency, professional satisfaction, burnout and compassion fatigue in nurses and to examine the relationship between these variables. The population of the study consisted of nurses serving in Niğde Ömer Halisdemir Training and Research Hospital, and the study was completed with 345 nurses who provided direct patient care and accepted to participate in the study. The data were collected using the Personal Information Form, Empathic Tendency Scale and Professional Quality of Life Scale, which were prepared by the researchers in line with the relevant literature. The relationship between the numerical data obtained from the study was evaluated by Spearman Correlation Analysis, and the difference between the groups was evaluated by Mann-Whitney U and Kruskall Wallis tests. The mean total score of the Empathic Tendency Scale (ETS) of the nurses participating in the study was 69.74±10.68, the mean score of the Occupational Satisfaction Subdimension of the Professional Quality of Life Scale (ProQOL) was 31.71±9.86, the mean score of the Burnout Subdimension was 19.62±6.41, and the mean score of the Compassion Fatigue Subdimension was 19.29±6.41. While a statistically significant relationship was found between the ETS and the ProQOL Occupational Satisfaction Subdimension at a positive high level (r=.650, p0.05). It was found that the mean score of the ETS was statistically significantly higher in nurses whose gender was female, who worked only during the daytime, who chose the profession willingly, who were satisfied with their profession, who did not think of leaving the profession, who felt competent in understanding patients, who thought that they were compassionate in daily life and professional life, who were affected by the pain of the patients they cared for, and who did not feel occupational burnout. It was found that the Professional Satisfaction Sub-dimension of the ProQOL was affected by willingly choosing the profession, being satisfied with the profession, thinking of leaving the profession, feeling competence in understanding patients, thinking that they are compassionate in their daily and professional life, being affected by the suffering of patients under care and feeling professional burnout. It was found that the Burnout Sub-dimension of the ProQOL was affected by willingly choosing the profession, being satisfied with the profession, thinking of leaving the profession, feeling competence in understanding patients, thinking that they are compassionate in their daily and professional life, being affected by the suffering of the patients under care, experiencing compassion fatigue and feeling occupational burnout. On the other hand, it was determined that the Compassion Fatigue Sub-dimension of the ProQOL was affected by thinking that they were compassionate in their daily life, being affected by the suffering of the patients under care, being emotionally exhausting of the compassion shown to the patients, experiencing compassion fatigue and the preferred strategy to cope with compassion fatigue. The results show that the quality of professional life of nurses should be improved in order for the nursing care to be more qualified. For this, it can be said that necessary institutional arrangements such as break opportunities, rotations, work area changes, and organisation of working hours should be made
The Effect of Conventional Open Thyroidectomy on Clinical Results and Respiratory Function Tests in Multinodular Goitre
Get PDFAIM: The primary aim of our study was to measure the effect of conventional open thyroidectomy performed for patients with multinodular goiter (MNG) on pulmonary volumes measured with respiratory function tests independent from surgical indications. A secondary aim was to determine whether there was a significant improvement in the complaints due to obstructive symptoms after MNG surgeries. METHODS: This study was conducted between October 2020 and June 2022. Patients who were hospitalized to undergo surgery for giant multinodular goiter were prospectively included in the study. Patients were questioned about complaints of pressure, hoarseness, dyspnea, sleep apnea, snoring, and dysphagia before the surgery and during the follow-up 6 months after surgery. In addition, pulmonary function tests were performed preoperatively, 48 hours after surgery and 6 months after surgery. Forced expiratory volume in 0.5 seconds forced expiratory volume in 1 second and forced vital capacity values in pulmonary function test (PFT) measurements were recorded. RESULTS: A total of 55 patients, 42 females and 13 males, mean age 49.54 +/- 13.6 years, were included in the study. Although there was a significant decrease in clinical symptoms caused by the thyroid volume within 6 months in patients who were operated for giant MNG there was no significant change in pulmonary function tests. There was a positive correlation between the thyroid volume and nodule weight in patients with MNG. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that it is not necessary to follow up with patients without obstructive findings in preoperative pulmonary function tests with pulmonary function tests in the postoperative period
Comparative evaluation of the effect of the addition of turnip (Brassica rapa) on the biogenic amine and volatile flavour compounds of shalgam
Get PDFShalgam productions done with the addition of turnip at different rates were carried out. Volatiles and biogenic amines were determined before storage and after 6 month storage. A total of thirty seven different volatiles were identified from shalgams. Some of them (such as ethyl-octanoate, ethyl-propionate, 2-ethyl-1-hexanol, 1-octanol, 1-nonanol, (Z)-5-octene-1-ol, 3-Hydroxybutanal, 2-Isopropyl-5-methylhex-2-enal) were isolated for the first time in shalgam. The results indicate that the use of turnip in different ratios has an effect on the percentage and variety of volatiles and, an in-crease in total acidity and biogenic amines. In addition, after storage, an increase also was determined in the amounts of putrechin, cadaverine, histamine, tyramine, spermidine, spermine and total amines. In conclusion, according to the results of microbial, sensory analysis and volatile flavour compounds, it can be stated that the most appropriate amount of turnip is 1 %, however, also ratios of 0.5 % and 2 % can be used. © 2024 Latin American Applied Research. All Rights Reserved.Çukurova Üniversitesi, CU; Türkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Araştırma Kurumu, TÜBİTAK, (119R001
Improvement in performance of SnSe-based photodetectors via post deposition sulfur diffusion
Get PDFThe work represents an enhancement in the photodetector properties of thermally evaporated SnSe thin films through both annealing and sulfurization processes. X-ray diffraction analysis showed the formation of SnSe 1-x S x alloy with a graded composition that was more S -rich near the surface when the sulfurization process was applied at 350 degrees C. Scanning electron microscopy results indicated that increasing the annealing temperature from 300 degrees C to 350 degrees C changed the microstructure greatly. When the sulfurization temperature was increased from 300 degrees C to 350 degrees C, the direct band gap of SnSe thin films decreased from 1.38 eV to 1.30 eV while the indirect band gap reduced from 0.91 eV to 0.71 eV. Raman spectra also confirmed the development of phase of SnSe 1-x S x for the sulfurized sample at 350 degrees C. Photocurrent-time curves of devices fabricated on all films demonstrated that sulfurization at high temperature increased the photocurrent values. It was further determined that devices made on sulfurized layers had smaller rise/fall times of 2.57/2.33 s compared to those fabricated on non-sulfurized films. The best responsivity and detectivity values were achieved as 2.07 x 10 -1 A/W and 1.19 x 10 7 Jones, respectively, for photodetectors fabricated on layers sulfurized at 350 degrees C
Green Supplier Selection Using IMF SWARA and Fuzzy WASPAS Techniques for the Supply of Agricultural Pesticides
Get PDFThe concept of sustainability is constantly increasing in importance in all areas of life with its human, social, economic and environmental dimensions. With the impact of global climate change and other environmental factors, concerns about sustainable agriculture and access to sufficient and reliable food are increasing. Reports of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and other international organizations also confirm this. For this reason, awareness has been created all over the world regarding the United Nations 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).With the increasing awareness of environmental protection worldwide, green supply chain management (GSCM) has become an important issue for businesses to achieve environmental sustainability. Nowadays, many managers and business owners pay special attention to green supplier selection to gain competitive advantage. Therefore, green supplier selection remains a critical decision for businesses. Businesses need to consider many economic and environmental criteria in the decision process to select the most suitable supplier. The aim of this study is to choose the most suitable green supplier for the supply of agricultural pesticides. Decision makers in selecting the most suitable green supplier for agricultural pesticide supply are business managers and academicians who are experts in the relevant field. In this study, an effective solution based on the combination of IMF SWARA (Improved Fuzzy Stepwise Weight Assessment Ratio Analysis) and fuzzy WASPAS (Weighted Aggregated Sum Product Assessment) methods is proposed to help agricultural enterprises that need to choose the best pesticide supplier. According to the research results, the criteria were determined as cost, quality and green product in order of importance, starting from the most important. In the ranking of the alternatives, alternative 1 ranked first with the highest value. This research proposes a framework to determine the most suitable alternative for green supplier selection through a combined approach of fuzzy multi-criteria decision making involving relevant stakeholders
Synthesis of reduced graphene oxide-fungal hyphae biochar/iron oxide composite: characterization, adsorption performance, and removal mechanisms
Get PDFIn this study, a novel biochar, iron-impregnated reduced graphene oxide-fungal hyphae, named AOBC-rGO, was synthesized as an innovative approach for the removal of Cr(VI) ions from water. A scanning electron microscope showed the formation of large agglomerates on the surface of biochar samples while Raman analysis showed D and G bands at 1350 and 1580 cm(-1) respectively as the proof of polyaromatic hydrocarbons and graphitic material. The surface area of the AOBC-rGO was determined as 58.5650 m(2) g(-1). To evaluate the efficacy of AOBC-rGO, the effect of initial chromium concentration (25, 50, 100, 150 and 200 mg L-1), pH (2, 5, 7, 9 and 11), retention time (0, 5, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60 and 90 min), and adsorbent dose (100, 300 and 500 mg L-1) was investigated in batch experiments for synthetic and real wastewater samples. Adsorption tests showed that the biochar adsorption capacity was 1116.01 mg g(-1). Furthermore, findings suggest that the chromium sorption on AOBC-rGO fits with the pseudo-second-order model and Freundlich isotherm model (R-2 > 0.93), indicating a heterogeneous surface with a dominant chemisorption mechanism. Thus, AOBC-rGO can be used as an effective adsorbent to remove heavy metals from wastewater.Trkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Arascedil;timath;rma Kurumu [CAYDAG-120Y087]; Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) [TR62/18/URET/0036]; Cukurova Development Agency (CKA)This research was funded by The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) (CAYDAG-120Y087) and Cukurova Development Agency (CKA) (TR62/18/URET/0036)
Usûlcüler Sahâbe İsimlendirmesi İçin Hz. Peygamber ile Uzun Süre Birlikteliği mi Esas Alırlar? (Hanefî Usûl Eserleri Özelinde Bir İnceleme)
Get PDFİslam ilim geleneğinde Hz. Peygamber’i gören onunla birlikteliğe sahip olan kimseler sahâbe tabakası altında zikredilmiştir. Ancak her disiplinin sahâbî algısı farklıdır. Bazıları sahâbî kelimesinin lafzi manasını, yani Hz. Peygamber’le bir an bile birlikte olmayı dikkate alarak kısa süreli görüşmeyi bir kimsenin sahâbe tabakasına dahil olması için yeterli görmüştür. Diğerleri ise sahâbî kelimesinin lafzi manasından daha çok örfî anlamı göz önünde bulundurarak Hz. Peygamber’le uzun süre birlikteliğe sahip kimselerin bu tabaka altında zikredilmesi gerektiğini belirtirler. İlk dönem âlimleri kendilerine ait hususi tanımlar üzerinden sahâbe tabakasını tespit etme yolunu tercih etmişlerdir. Ancak daha sonraları bu hususi tanımlar terk edilmek suretiyle daha genel tarifler yapılmaya başlanmıştır. Söz gelimi âlimler eserlerinde kendi tanımlarını zikretmek yerine usûlcü-hadis ehli tanımı şeklindeki umumi tariflere değinmek suretiyle bir sahâbe tasavvuru oluşturmuşlardır. Onlar umumi olarak zikredilen bu tanımlardan kendi bakış açılarına veya metodolojilerine uygun olanını tercih etmişlerdir. Nitekim bu bakış açısına göre, hadis ehli bir kimsenin sahâbe olarak kabul edilebilmesi için Hz. Peygamber’le kısa süre birlikteliği yeterli görürken, usûlcüler ise bu birlikteliğin uzun süreli olmasını gerekli kabul etmişlerdir. Klasik dönem sonrası eserlerde bu ikili tasnifle verilen sahâbe tanımlarının ülkemizde telif edilen akademik metinlerde de büyük oranda devam ettirildiği tespit edilmiştir. Bu çalışmada ikili tasnifle yapılan bakış açısı sorgulanmış ve bu yargının en azından usûlcüler cihetiyle genel geçer bir kanaat olmadığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Zira Hanefî usûl eserleri bağlamında literatür taraması yöntemi dikkate alınarak yapılan bu çalışmada birçok Hanefî usûl müellifinin kısa süreli birlikteliği sahâbî isimlendirmesi için uygun gördüğü tespit edilmiştir. Hanefî usûlcülerinin sahâbe tanımlarına dair bakış açılarının ortaya konmasında bütüncül bir yaklaşım takip edilmiştir. Bu doğrultuda klasik dönem Hanefî usûl müellifleri olarak nitelenen Cessâs (ö. 370/981), Debûsî (ö. 430/1039), Saymerî (ö. 436/1045), Pezdevî (ö. 482/1089) ve Serahsî (ö. 483/1090 [?]) dışındaki sonraki dönem temsil kabiliyeti yüksek müstakil, şerh ve memzûc tarzda telif edilen usûl müellifleri de dikkate alınmıştır. Geniş bir zaman diliminde birçok Hanefî usûlcüsünün sahâbe tanımlarına odaklanılmak suretiyle gerçekte usûl müelliflerinin tamamının bu şekilde bir bakış açısına sahip olup olmadığının sorgulanması amaçlanmaktadır
Awareness of possible complications associated with direct composite restorations: A multinational survey among dentists from 13 countries with meta-analysis
Get PDFObjectives: Resin -based composites (RBCs) evolved into favoured materials for teeth restorations, marking a significant change in dental practice. Despite many advantages, RBCs exhibit various limitations in their physical and chemical properties. Therefore, we assessed the dentists' awareness of possible complications after direct composite restorations and their opinions about this material. Methods: The online questionnaire was created in English in May 2023. A 16 -item survey was dedicated to general dentists and specialists. The first section included four questions related to demographic characteristics. The second section comprised twelve questions and focused on awareness of potential side effects of composite restorations, the most crucial advantages and disadvantages of composite resins, and the frequency of experienced clinical complications after the application of composite materials. Results: A total of 1830 dentists from 13 countries took part in the survey. Dentists most often declared awareness of low adhesion to the dentine (77.5 %) and, most rarely, solubility in oral fluids (42.6 %). Aesthetics was identified as the main advantage of composite fillings (79 %), followed by the possibility of repair (59 %) and adhesion to enamel (57 %). Polymerisation shrinkage was a major disadvantage for most countries (70 % overall). Analysing the declared potential clinical complications for all countries, statistically significant findings were obtained for marginal discolouration (OR=2.982, 95 % CI: 1.321-6.730, p-value=0.009) and borderline significance for secondary caries (OR=1.814, 95 % CI: 0.964-3.415, p-value=0.065). Conclusions: Dentists value aesthetics and repairability but are aware of shrinkage and experience discolouration. The issue of toxicity and solubility seems to be the least known to dentists. Clinical significance: Dentists should use RBCs with critical caution due to possible side effects. Despite the undoubted aesthetics of direct composite restorations, it is necessary to remember potential clinical complications such as marginal discolouration or secondary caries