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Introduction＜Special Theme : Humans and Things Weaving a Performance Together : Exploring an Intersection of the Anthropology of Materiality and Performing Arts Studies＞
Get PDF1980 年代以降の人類学では，モノが人間に使われたり，意味や価値を付与さ
れたりする側面だけでなく，モノの側からの人間への働きかけや，モノと人の
相互的作用によって出来事が生成されるプロセスに着目している。また，そこ
に物質性がいかに関わるのかという問いも重要性を帯びている。本特集は，こ
うした「マテリアリティの人類学」の関心を上演芸術の研究と交差させ，新た
な視座を探求するものである。本特集では，芸能を人とモノの織りなす営みと
捉え直し，表現や伝承にモノがどのように関与するのかを考察する。モノの物
質性に触発され想像力や創造性が刺激されるプロセスにも注目する。そのなか
では，舞台後もつづく日常におけるモノと人の関わりの影響，モノの移動がも
たらす事柄，人とモノ（例えば楽器や他者の身体）が「1 つになる」といった
事態，などの新たな研究テーマも生まれる。Since the 1980s, anthropology has moved beyond simple examination of
how objects are used by humans and how humans assign meaning and value
to them. Anthropology is dedicated to examination of the processes which form through events generated by the interaction between humans and material things, and how things influence humans. Similarly, the issue of how
materiality relates to these processes is gaining importance. Our study was
designed to uncover new vantage points for research exploring the performing arts by highlighting the interest shown in the “anthropology of materiality”. We aim at redefining the performing arts as a sphere of activity woven
together by humans and things and aim at using this definition to consider
how things relate to human expression and the transmission of an art form.
Those studies also devote attention to the processes by which objects and
their materiality stimulate imagination and creativity. Some new topics appear
from such a perspective: the effect of human–thing relations off-stage; the
effects of international and intercultural flows of objects; and the interpenetrative ways humans and things (such as musical instruments, or the bodies of
others) are “at one”.departmental bulletin pape
Tangible and Intangible in Arja, a Balinese Musical Dance Theater : Crown, Body, and Stock Characters＜Special Theme : Humans and Things Weaving a Performance Together : Exploring an Intersection of the Anthropology of Materiality and Performing Arts Studies＞
Get PDF本稿はバリの伝統芸能アルジャ（arja）の伝承における有形と無形の側面の
関係性を，演者の身体と冠グルンガン（gelungan）の相互作用に焦点を当てて
論じる。アルジャには常に登場する 11 の役柄（ストック・キャラクター）があ
り，演者の身体的属性や冠の形状は，各役柄に固有の社会的身分，性別，性質
によって規定されている。これらのストック・キャラクターは演者の身体と冠
が一時的に結合することで，有形の存在として舞台上に生み出される一方，上
演前や終演後に両者が分離している間は，無形の規範的な概念としてしか存在
しない。
演者の身体と冠のモノとしての持続性，そして両者が上演の前後においても
配役や稽古，供物や儀礼などの実践を通して相互関係をもち続けることによっ
て，ストック・キャラクターの一貫性が維持される。その半面，両者の可塑性
と多様性は，ストック・キャラクターの規範性を漸次的に修正し，伝承全体を
変容させていく側面も持っている。This article presents examination of the tangible and the intangible in the
transmission process of arja, a traditional Balinese musical theater, particularly addressing the interaction of a performer’s body and their gelungan
(crown or headdress). Eleven stock characters that appear in every arja story
prescribe the performers’ physical characteristics and the gelungan design
representing the characters’ personality, gender, and social status. They appear
as a tangible and material presence only through the temporary synthesis of performer and gelungan. By contrast, they exist only as intangible norms
before and after the performance, when the combination is dissolved.
The enduring physicality of gelungan and performers’ bodies, and their
interaction maintained even outside the performance through the practices of
casting, rehearsal, offerings, and rituals, safeguard the stock characters’ consistency, although their variety and malleability gradually recast normative
models of the characters, thereby transforming the tradition over the long run.departmental bulletin pape
Naissance d’une littérature populaire en Algérie, des recueils ethnographiques de traditions orales aux réécritures (XXe-XXIe)
Get PDFdepartmental bulletin pape
Overview of Majo, Western Witches, in Contemporary Japan
Get PDFThis article examines the importation of Paganism, mainly Witchcraft, from the West in Japan. Japanese witches do not resist the traditional religion; combined with their lack of Christian influence on their context, there is no image of evil connotation with witches in Japan. However, people who practice witchcraft are facing depictions of the “witch” in anime and children’s literature. If we regard Japan as a contact zone where Western witchcraft and Japanese tradition meet, various images of witches are produced there without the Christian context, and a localised witchcraft faith has been produced.journal articl
