6100 research outputs found
Sort by
Deriving and Attaching Values to an Area: From the Process of Collaboration between University and Local Society over the Association of “The Most Beautiful Villages in Japan” in Ojiro, Kami Town in Hyogo Prefecture
No full text農山村地域をはじめとする中山間地域や地方都市のおかれている状況は、社会経済的に厳しい。一方、大学の役割として地域との連携・協働が重要視されている。そこで本稿では、筆者自身が約10年間関わっている兵庫県美方郡香美町小代区における、「日本で最も美しい村」連合加盟をめぐる地域と大学との連携・協働のプロセスを事例に、地域の価値づけという実践を検証する。大学の社会的役割として「価値の創出」は重要であるが、地域に対するそれは一般的・普遍的、あるいは予定調和的なアプローチでは十分な対応ができない。地域の多様な主体との連携・協働の試行錯誤を重ね、その地域に見合った新たな可能性を切り拓くことが大切である。departmental bulletin pape
Developing the Teaching Materials Making Use of 3D Instrument for Art Class: Basic Research in Making Use of Personal Type 3D Scanner and 3D Copy Machine
No full text本研究の目的は、個人向け3D機器を用いた＜図画工作・美術科授業題材＞開発のための基礎研究を行ない、その「適性」を見極め、日常の授業で用いる基盤をつくることである。先行研究・実践をふまえて、3D機器及び材料を実験的に使用し、＜子供が作成した粘土造形物を3Dスキャンし、キーホールダーに仕上げる＞試行的教育実践を行なった。3Dスキャンのための原型となる粘土作品の大きさや色、スキャン成功の要点、3Dコピーの材料についての特徴、3Dコピー打ち出し時間などを整理し、考察した。一連の実践の考察の中で、3D機器を用いた＜図画工作・美術科授業題材＞の可能性と課題を見いだした。departmental bulletin pape
One-dimensional Cellular Automata for Rule-breaking Behavior : Comparison with Two-dimensional Cellular Automata and a Focus on Clustering
No full textThis study compared outputs of one-dimensional cellular automata with those of a two-dimensional one. Computer simulations of rule-breaking behavior were conducted using 21x21, 441x1, and 21x1 matrices. Each of the cells has either "Obeying" or "Breaking" status and they show a change in status according to one of the following three ways (e.g. Deguchi, 2009a): A) a status change similar to that of majority of its neighboring cells, B1) a status change to "Obeying," and B2) a status change to "Breaking." At first, the cells probabilistically use A, B1, or B2 way in accordance with N-prob. Next, they use B1 or B2 way based on NB-prob. The probability of using B1 or B2 is called N-prob, and that of using B2 is NB-prob. N-prob was increased from 0.00 to 1.00 by .01, and NB-prob was set at 1.0 or 0.6. "Range of neighbor distance" means the maximum distance at which cells can perceive the status of their neighboring cells. This parameter was set at 1 for the 21x21 matrix and set at 1, 2, 4, or 40 for 441x1 and 21x1 matrices. Outputs of the simulations were the rule-breaking rate and clustering index (Latané, Nowak, & Liu, 1994); the former represents the mean rate at which cells broke a rule and the latter is the degree to which cells with the same status gathered. The results showed that both the rule-breaking rate and clustering index of one- and twodimensional matrices were approximated when the ranges of neighbor distance for the one-dimensional matrix were set at 4. However, when the ranges of neighbor distance were the same, i.e. at 1, these outputs did not correspond. These results implied that the outputs could be approximated when the number of neighboring cells that are perceivable is the same.departmental bulletin pape
Cultivating a Growth Mindset in Japanese EFL Learners with a Presentation-Practice-Production-Based Approach
No full textIn this increasingly globalized world, the need for English is growing in Japan, too. However, learning English is by no means an easy task for Japanese EFL learners, who have no natural exposure to and need for real life communication in English. Thus, Japanese EFL learners may need to exert determined efforts to learn English. In this exploratory essay, the author focuses on "growth mindset", the belief that language abilities can be improved through efforts. After showing survey results on mindsets, the author introduces an approach that can help cultivate a growth mindset in Japanese EFL learners.日本人英語学習者のマインドセットを向上させる提示-練習-使用（PPP）を基盤とする指導法 【日本語要旨】益々グローバル化していく社会において英語の必要性と重要性は高まっている。日本人学習者は英語でしっかりとコミュニケーションできるように教育されなければいけない。しかしながら，英語を学ぶことは，日常的に英語に接することがなく，使用する必要のない日本人学習者にとって非常に難しいことである。日本語と英語が大きく違った言語であるということにも注目しなければいけない。本稿において筆者は，英語能力は努力により伸長するという信念である成長的マインドセットに焦点を当てる。実際にアンケート調査を行った結果，英語をより真剣に学んでいると考えられる学習者はそうでない学習者より成長的マインドセットの程度が高いという結果も得た。本稿では成長的マインドセットについて概観した後，それに基づき，成長的マインドセットを向上させうるアプローチについての提案を行った。具体的には，明示的な説明と，自らの向上を実感できる練習活動，さらに成功体験を重ねながらの実際のコミュニケーション活動という流れである。departmental bulletin pape
A Study on partnership among "School of Professional Development in Education", "the School Board" and "School"
No full textTen years have passed since the Graduate School of Professional Development in Education in Japan was established. In this paper, we pay attention to what kind of change the partnership among the Graduate School of Professional Development in Education, the Local Board of Education, and the School have shown in this ten-year-old period. As a result, it has become clear that the following six things have been done through the partnership. 1) To work diverse in-service training together with University and Local board, 2) To shift the emphasis from promoting joint research to carrying out joint research together in connection with supporting schools, 3) To do collaborative research between the university and the school for quality assurance of teaching practice, 4) To introduce various teaching practice which is related to the purpose of learning in the Graduate School of Professional Development in Education, 5) To foster leadership awareness of teachers, and demonstrate it, 6) To set up a rich environment (places and people) in order to manage rich teaching practice effectively, forming partnerships with various organizations that can handle it. In order to develop these partnerships in a sustainable manner, it was found that it is important to focus on the establishment of a school that produces partnership effects and a teacher educator as a person who makes effective partnerships.departmental bulletin pape
Habitat of cicada larvae estimated by the exuvia distribution in the eastern edge of the city area in Nara City
No full text"市街地と森林地帯の接する奈良市市街地東縁地域においてセミの抜け殻が付着していた樹種や周辺の土壌環境条件を調査することで、セミの幼虫が生息する環境を推定することを目的とし、セミの抜け殻を調査した。抜け殻は、アブラゼミを384個 (全体の63.2%)、クマゼミを122個 (20.1%)、ニイニイゼミを66個 (10.9%)、ツクツクボウシを32個 (5.3%)、ヒグラシを4個 (0.7%)、総計で5種608個を確認した。セミの抜け殻の分布から幼虫が好む樹種や土壌環境条件が異なることが推測された。アブラゼミは樹種の選好性が低く、クマゼミは都市化が進んだ環境に植栽されているケヤキやソメイヨシノを選好し、ニイニイゼミは常緑樹を選好し、ツクツクボウシはヒノキなどの常緑針葉樹を選好すると考えられた。近年の都市化の進行によって、クマゼミにとって好適な環境が広がるが、他の種にとっては幼虫の生息しにくい植生と土壌環境へと変化することで、都市域と都市と接する樹林帯ではセミの種構成が単純化してゆくのではないかと考えられた。
In order to estimate the habitat of cicada larvae, we investigated the cicadas exuviae, the tree species to which the cicada exuviae adhere, and the soil surface environment in the vicinity of the eastern edge of Nara city area where the build-up area adjacent to forest area. We found 608 exuviae in total (five species), including 384 exuviae of Graptopsaltria nigrofuscata (63.2%), 122 of Cryptotympana facialis (20.1%), 66 of Platypleura kaempferi (10.9%), 32 of Meimuna opalifera (5.3%), 4 of Tanna japonensis (0.7%) . According to the result of the exuvia distribution pattern of cicada, our results demonstrated that the each cicada larvae had a preference for the tree species and the soil surface environment: G. nigrofuscata had less palatability, their exuviae found in various tree species; C. facialis prefers Zelkova serrara and Prunus × yedoensis, which planted in the urbanized area; P. kaempferi prefers evergreen trees, M. opalifera prefers evergreen conifers, such as Chamaecyparis obtusa. By the recent urbanization which had brought the preferable environment mainly for the C. facialis, the species composition of the cicadas will become simpler in the urban area and the forest facing the city."departmental bulletin pape
