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Sharing “Essential Requirements for Cooperation” in Large Class: Practice and Study for Independent-minded Small Group Activities
No full textThis study examined means for overcoming difficulty of small group learning in large class. According to Sekita & Yasunaga (2005), there are four "essential requirements" for successful cooperation ; (1) positive interdependence, (2) individual and group accountability, (3) promotive interaction with facilitation of appropriate use of social skills, and (4) group processing. In this study, the lecturer directly explained "essential requirements" to class members as common basic code of behavior in group session, to satisfy these requirements. From regular feedback comments and class evaluation at the end of class, certain changes had occurred in members readiness and perspective for their learning process. Limitation of methodology and sampling were discussed.departmental bulletin pape
An Overview of the Study on “1968”in Germany and Report on “1968” Exhibitions in German Museums
No full textThis article gives an overview of studies on protest movements concerning 1968 Germany. Today, many historians treat “1968” as a global phenomenon and a historical major “watershed.” Young people fought against authoritarian universities, governments, and hierarchical structures, for freedom, justice, and self-determination. Movements spread worldwide. In West Germany, they struggled in opposition to the hierarchical structures of universities, the Kiesinger-government, the so-called emergency laws, and the Vietnam War.
In 2018/2019, 50 years after 1968, many museums in Germany held exhibitions about the events of 1968. Reviewing the literature on “1968” and visiting “1968” exhibitions, this article stresses the following four points about the research trends on “1968” in Germany. First, many studies have emerged from a regional perspective. Second, studies from a global perspective have increased simultaneously. Third, many studies focus on political, social, and cultural events around 1968. Fourth, the“ long 1960s,” running from roughly 1959 to 1974, has taken on a new significance as a “watershed” in German history, beyond the significance of 1968 alone.departmental bulletin pape
Critique and Potential of Moral Education Based on the Valuing Process Model: Beyond the Dualism of Nature and Norm
No full textThis paper aims to explore the teaching model for Special Subject : Moral Education. The first section points out the need to move away from the content- toward the process-oriented model in moral education. Subsequently, the second section compares the two influential theories of values clarification and moral development that support the process-orientated model, though from fundamentally different perspectives. Through this comparison, the third section presents the dualism of nature and norm and investigates the possibility of uniting them, which values clarification theorists have recently attempted in the socialization of experience.departmental bulletin pape
A study on the characteristics of index of physical fitness in individuals with or without a past medical history of bronchial asthma for the elementary school upper grades
No full textThe purpose of this study was to investigate the characteristics of index in physical fitness in elementary school students with a past medical history of bronchial asthma (PHA). 28 students in 5th grade and 22 students in 6th grade with PHA (Asthma group) and 115 healthy students in 5th grade and 104 healthy students in 6th grade (Non-asthma group) were volunteered to participate in this study. The subjects performed the 8 tests of the physical fitness test. There was not significant difference in all index between the groups. It was considered necessary to evaluate the condition of the pulmonary function before and after the index of physical fitness test.departmental bulletin pape
Basic Research Aiming at Frail Prevention and Intervention for the Elderly ─（2）Characteristics of Meal Act Depending on Nutritional State─
No full textFrailty is one of the factors which causes under-nutrition of the elderly, and the under-nutrition makes a healthy life bad. The appropriate intervention which matches the mind and body level is necessary for the frailty. In this study, we understand the feature of the meal act according to the nutritional status of the elderly, and considered about the human life and environment aiming at intervention to frailty for supporting the elderly.
The elderly whose under-nutrition risk is high was controlled in going a shopping and doing a cooking. The factors which control the shopping were body-frailty and danger of access to a supermarket. The factors which control the cooking were the frailty of the mind and body. On the other hand, the elderly wanted support to movement and a social involvement, not an agent of life activity.
Therefore, we thought the human life and environmental improvement which supported to the meal act for the elderly would be intervention to the frailty.departmental bulletin pape
Effects of repeated retrieval-based learning on long-term retention and metacognition in preschool children with developmental disorders: Based on a cross-sectional perspective from infancy to childhood
No full textRecent studies have shown the benefits for long-term retention (direct effect on repeated retrieval-based learning) and metacognition (indirect effect on repeated retrieval-based learning) from repeated retrieval during learning in several tasks from younger children to adulthood. However, to our knowledge, only five studies have examined the effectiveness of this method in younger children with developmental disorders, despite the possibility of benefits for these children. Therefore, this study reviewed the effectiveness of repeated retrieval-based learning and extended this to preschool children with developmental disorders, in reference to the five studies for preschool children, two studies for undergraduate students with developmental disorders, and three studies based on individual differences (intelligence, language abilities, and working memory,) among learners. Generally, the task of repeated retrieval-based learning comprises three procedures. First, the children studied several tasks (a word, an adjectival phrase, and locations of living ware). Then, in the repeated retrieval situation, the children were asked to repeatedly retrieve some content of the tasks, whereas in the repeated study (encoding) situation, they were asked to repeatedly listen to or read content related to the tasks. Finally, the children were tested immediately and then after a retention interval (three hours, one day, two days, one week, etc.). Consequently, the results of most studies showed that preschool children with developmental disorders in the repeated retrieval situation retained verbal and nonverbal memories longer than those in the repeated study situation. More importantly, repeated retrieval-based learning enhanced the development involved in metacognition (generalization and source memory). Considering these results, we discussed factors that enhanced the direct and indirect effects of repeated retrieval-based learning for preschool children with developmental disorders in terms of future directions.departmental bulletin pape
Effect of processing based on Maslow’s hierarchy of needs on memory: A study on effects of self-choice type
No full textThe present study examined the effects of processing based on the hierarchy of needs proposed by Maslow (1962), on incidental free recall performance. Word pairs were provided to the participants in either two type of self-choice or a forced-choice condition. In the self-choice condition, participants were asked to choose which of the words indicated an object needed to survive (survival condition) or an object related to themselves (self-reference condition). In the forced-choice condition, one of the paired words was underlined, and participants were asked to judge whether the underlined object was needed to survive or was related to themselves. Free-recall performance for words chosen according to the survival criterion was superior to that for the self-reference criterion, and the size of self-choice effect was larger for the survival criterion. These results show that the survival criterion led to more effective cognitive integration of words than the self-reference criterion, and also support the validity of the model proposed by Toyota (2016). Differences in the effectiveness of criteria are discussed in terms of model on the hierarchical structure of human needs.departmental bulletin pape
Correlation between Branching Structures and Physicochemical Properties of Plastic Materials: Attempt for Making a Teaching Materials of Macromolecules in High-School Chemistry
No full textPoly(acrylate)s prepared by classical radical polymerizations have been considered to have branched structures． Electron spin resonance (ESR) investigation of the radical polymerizations of acrylates clearly indicated that mid-chain radicals are readily formed by intramolecular 1,5-hydrogen shift reaction from propagating radicals. The mid-chain radicals are considered to be an origin of the branching structures of the resulting poly(acrylate)s. Physicochemical properties of the plastic materials with and without branching structures are different as described in the text book of chemistry of high-school. In 1995, atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) technique had been developed. ATRP can provide poly(acrylate)s with less branching structures. In this research work, poly(acrylate)s were prepared by both ATRP and classical thermal radical polymerizations. The resulting polymers should have less branching and much branching structures． Physicochemical properties of these polymers were compared. Possibilities for teaching materials of high-school chemistry are also considered.departmental bulletin pape
『＜役割語＞小辞典』における見出しの立項と本文中での役割語名の 記述のあり方とをもとにした役割語形式と話体のグループ化の試み －階層的クラスター分析による－
No full textdepartmental bulletin pape
