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Effect of ventilated workwear and working schedule on physiological and psychological responses of construction workers, no. 2: Actual investigation at an active construction site
Get PDFapplication/pdfAlthough the use of cooling garments to prevent heat disorders has been increasing, the effectiveness of such garments at construction sites (CSs) remains underexplored. We investigated the relationship between the thermal environment at a CS and the physiological and psychological responses of workers wearing/not wearing ventilated work wear (VWW). The study participants were rebar placers and form workers employed at an outdoor CS. The thermal environmental conditions and the physiological and psychological responses of the workers were measured. The overall, chest, and forearm skin temperatures of the workers not wearing VWW were significantly higher than those of workers wearing VWW. To clarify the effects of VWW and working schedules on body weight loss (BWL), the BWL rate was simulated based on the evaporation rate according to a regression formula of measured data in an artificial chamber. The BWL during the late shift was higher than that in the early shift, causing dehydration in the afternoon. To prevent this condition, more water intake is required during the late shift.journal articl
Dietary Intake of Rosmarinic Acid Increases Serum Inhibitory Activity in Amyloid A Aggregation and Suppresses Deposition in the Organs of Mice
Get PDFapplication/pdfSerum amyloid A (SAA) is one of the most important precursor amyloid proteins and plays a vital step in AA amyloidosis, although the underlying aggregation mechanism has not been elucidated. Since SAA aggregation is a key step in this pathogenesis, inhibitors are useful to prevent and treat AA amyloidosis, serving as tools to investigate the pathogenic mechanism. In this study, we showed that rosmarinic acid (RA), which is a well-known inhibitor of the aggregation of amyloid beta (A beta), displayed inhibitory activity against SAA aggregation in vitro using a microliter-scale high-throughput screening (MSHTS) system with quantum-dot nanoprobes. Therefore, we evaluated the amyloid aggregation inhibitory activity of blood and the deposition of SAA in organs by feeding mice withMelissa officinalisextract (ME) containing RA as an active substance. Interestingly, the inhibitory activity of ME-fed mice sera for SAA and A beta aggregation, measured with the MSHTS system, was higher than that of the control group. The amount of amyloid deposition in the organs of ME-fed mice was lower than that in the control group, suggesting that the SAA aggregation inhibitory activity of serum is associated with SAA deposition. These results suggest that dietary intake of RA-containing ME enhanced amyloid aggregation inhibitory activity of blood and suppressed SAA deposition in organs. This study also demonstrated that the MSHTS system could be applied to in vitro screening and to monitor comprehensive activity of metabolized foods adsorbed by blood.journal articl
Among The Smallest Building Blocks in Organic Synthesis: Oxalate Half-Esters and Their Derivatives
Get PDFapplication/pdfAlthough oxalate half-esters and their derivatives are among the smallest units of building blocks in organic synthesis, they are very important for synthesis of a wide range of significant compounds. Utilized as building blocks for pharmaceuticals and natural products, they are typically prepared by partial hydrolysis of symmetric diesters or by partial alkylation of oxalyl chloride. Their structural properties that enable them to undergo radical deoxygenation are also applied to various significant reactions, further leading to synthesis of complex pharmaceuticals and natural products. Oxalate half-esters are also applied to the preparation of new polymers with novel properties.journal articl
German Japanese Cultural Comparison of Breakfast Scenes in Films
Get PDFapplication/pdfBy comparing excerpts from the Japanese TV film 'Yuube no Curry, Ashita no Pan' and from the German TV film 'Die Freundin meiner Mutter', the meaning of breakfast for the respective cultures was worked out. A major goal is to illustrate the cultural background for the respective type of breakfast using frequently stated values or focal points of German or Japanese culture and thus to locate the relevance of such values in everyday life.学術論文departmental bulletin pape
Fine-Grained Management in 5G: DQL Based Intelligent Resource Allocation for Network Function Virtualization in C-RAN
Get PDFapplication/pdfRecently, the installation of 5G networks offers a variety of real-time, high-performance and human-oriented customized services. However, the current laying 5G structure is unable to meet all of the growing communication needs by these new emerging services. In this paper, we propose a DQL (Deep Q-learning Network) based intelligent resource management method for 5G architecture, to improve the quality of service (QoS) under limited communication resources. In the environment of network function virtualization (NFV), we aim at improving the efficient usage of spectrum resources. In this two-step solution, our first goal is to guarantee the maximum communication quality with the smallest number of infrastructures. Then, a DQL-based wireless resource allocation algorithm is designed to realize the elaborate operation. Unlike previous studies, our system can provide the allocation policy in a more subdivided way and finally maximize the usage of bandwidth resources. The simulation also shows that our proposed MSIO improves 3.12% in the performance of the maximum coverage importance problem and the ARODQ algorithm improves 4.05% than other standard solutions.journal articl
Alleviating New User Cold-Start in User-Based Collaborative Filtering via Bipartite Network
Get PDFapplication/pdfThe recommender system (RS) can help us extract valuable data from a huge amount of raw information. User-based collaborative filtering (UBCF) is widely employed in practical RSs due to its outstanding performance. However, the traditional UBCF is subject to the new user cold-start issue because a new user is often extreme lack of available rating information. In this article, we develop a novel approach that incorporates a bipartite network into UBCF for enhancing the recommendation quality of new users. First, through the statistic and analysis of new users' rating characteristics, we collect niche items and map the corresponding rating matrix to a weighted bipartite network. Furthermore, a new weighted bipartite modularity index merging normalized rating information is present to conduct the community partition that realizes coclustering of users and items. Finally, for each individual clustering that is much smaller than the original rating matrix, a localized low-rank matrix factorization is executed to predict rating scores for unrated items. Items with the highest predicted rating scores are recommended to a new user. Experimental results from two real-world data sets suggest that without requiring additional complex information, the proposed approach is superior in terms of both recommendation accuracy and diversity and can alleviate the new user cold-start issue of UBCF effectively.journal articl
兵庫県南部地震における地下鉄大開駅の倒壊に関して ー下層地盤からの突き上げ入力による数値解析的検討ー
Get PDFapplication/pdfAt Great Hanshin Awaji Earthquake occurred on Jun. 17, 1995, many infrastructures suffered severe damage. The central pillars in the Daikai-subway station circumferentially cracked and/or axially crashed from the lower part. These damage may not be due to horizontal earthquake motion but due to vertically transmitted thrust-up wave. In this paper, to numerically recreate a similar damage situation, elasto-plastic dynamic response analysis for the station model was carried out by thrusting up the level of the bottom of the base slab including ground layer. From this study, it is identified that circumferential crack and vertical crash of the pillars at the quake can be recreated numerically due to thrusting up during 5 ms with the velocity of 200 kine and 400 kine, respectively.journal articl
空洞が存在する風化岩地盤の単杭の支持力特性とその評価
Get PDF室蘭工業大学Muroran Institute of Technology博士（工学）application/pdf侵食や風化作用によって地盤内に形成される空洞は，構造物基礎の支持力低下を導き，構造物の安全性，健全性，耐久性に影響を与える。そのため，空洞が存在する地盤に対する基礎の設計法・対策法の確立が望まれている。特に，このことは化学的風化を受け易く，多くの空洞の存在が確認されている風化岩地盤では重要となる。現在，我が国では，風化岩地盤（カルスト地形）は国土面積の約0.44％を占め，特に沖縄県における海上構造物の建設時に多くの空洞の存在が確認されている。その他，東南アジアに位置するベトナムにおいても風化岩地盤が国土面積の約20％を占めており，人口増加と経済の急速な発展に伴って，そのような地域（特に北部，北中部）での開発が進められている。このような空洞を有する風化岩地盤の支持力動員メカニズムについては，地盤工学的にも未解明な点が多く，研究も限られている。本研究では，風化岩地盤内に埋設した単杭の支持力に対する空洞の影響を定量化し，杭の支持力動員度とそれに起因する空洞破壊のメカニズムを明らかにしている。本研究の目的を達成するために，一連の重力場の模型実験と数値解析を実施している。模型実験では，人工的に作製した空洞の位置を変化させ，風化岩地盤の地盤強度を想定した石膏模型地盤に対して単杭支持力実験を行っている。その後，模型実験の妥当性と杭の支持力動員機構を評価するために，本研究では2次元の離散要素法プログラムを使用した解析を行っている。一連の模型実験では，杭径dに対して空洞の位置を，d，2d，3d，4dに変化させた場合の杭の支持力動員度を明らかにしている。また，一連の数値解析では，連続体解析と比較して，不連続解析（離散要素法）では亀裂伝播が明瞭に再現されること，空洞の崩壊メカニズムが視覚的に表現できることを明らかにしている。これらの結果に基づいて，空洞位置の変化による支持力低減率を定量化し，杭基礎の適用における空洞の影響評価を行っている。また，空洞の存在が支持力に及ぼす影響深さは，杭径の4倍が限界距離であり，それ以上の深さに存在する空洞の影響は無視できること，また，その平面的な概形は，簡易的にダイヤモンド形状で表現できることを示している。研究の総括として，空洞が存在する場合の単杭の支持力設計手法を新たに提案している。The design and construction of foundations in easily weathered rocks have posed various challenges to geotechnical engineers. One challenge is the formation of cavities in limestone, dolomite due to the chemical weathering process. In Japan, karst topography occupies nearly 0.44% of the land area (1763.73 km2). Specifically, many large-scale caves were found during the geological survey when constructing sea embankments in Okinawa. In Vietnam, it occupies nearly 20% of the land area (approximately 60,000 km2), with some typical regions in the North and Northern Central of the country. Cavities can reduce the bearing capacity of foundations. Therefore, sudden failure is a constant threat to the safety of structures founded on the ground with cavities. This study aims to quantify the influence of the cavity on the pile bearing capacity through reduction factors and gain more insight into the failure mechanism of the area around the pile tip and cavity. A series of model tests was carried out on a small-scale single pile embedded in gypsum rock with predetermined cavities, thereafter, the numerical analysis was conducted. The studied model was simulated by the discrete element method (DEM) using the two-dimensional discontinuous program. Compared with continuum analysis, the DEM can simulate crack propagation. The reduction factor was calculated to quantify the cavity impact on the pile bearing capacity. The experimental and analytical results clearly show that reduction factors decrease with an increase in the depth from the pile tip to the cavity, and the pile capacity is significantly reduced when cavities are located close to the pile tip. The DEM simulation results visualized the cracks that appeared inside the rock mass and the collapse of the cavity roof area, which cannot be seen in the experiment. It revealed that the failure of the cavity roof was mainly caused by the cracks running from the pile tip to the upper corners of the cavity. The study also indicated a critical distance of 4 times pile diameter from the pile tip to the cavity that the influence of cavities to the pile is negligible. Finally, a framework was suggested to apply in pile foundation design in the ground with cavities. Although there were some quantitative differences, the numerical analysis could simulate the same tendency of reduction factors with the experiment. The combination of using experiments and DEM simulations can beneficially examine the influences of cavities on the pile behavior qualitatively and visually.doctoral thesi
人間関係に役立つ言葉
Get PDFObservation of various English communication lessons in Japan as well as observations of real time social interactions between American host families and Japanese high school students led to a recognition of a large discrepancy between what is being taught and how the language is used in real life settings. The scope of this article is to generally raise awareness of the importance of phatic language instruction in communicative classrooms and through that enhance learners interlanguage development for various exchange programs abroad. Most of the information in this paper was gathered through observations, informal interviews with students, as well as students' written work pre and post school trip abroad. My conclusions favor the instruction of phatic phrases in English communication classes through the use of various conversation simulations, not only to develop language skills, but also to develop and maintain important international social relationships with communities abroad.journal articl
Enhancing Recommendation Accuracy of Item-Based Collaborative Filtering via Item-Variance Weighting
Get PDFapplication/pdfRecommender systems (RS) analyze user rating information and recommend items that may interest users. Item-based collaborative filtering (IBCF) is widely used in RSs. However, traditional IBCF often cannot provide recommendations with good predictive and classification accuracy at the same time because it assigns equal weights to all items when computing similarity and prediction. However, some items are more relevant and should be assigned greater weight. To address this problem, we propose a niche approach to realize item-variance weighting in IBCF in this paper. In the proposed approach, to improve the predictive accuracy, a novel time-related correlation degree is proposed and applied to form time-aware similarity computation, which can estimate the relationship between two items and reduce the weight of the item rated over a long period. Furthermore, a covering-based rating prediction is proposed to increase classification accuracy, which combines the relationship between items and the target user’s preference into the predicted rating scores. Experimental results suggest that the proposed approach outperforms traditional IBCF and other existing work and can provide recommendations with satisfactory predictive and classification accuracy simultaneously.journal articl