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In Situ X‐Ray Absorption Studies on Local Structure of Annealed Metallic Glasses FeGaB and FeCoSiB
Get PDFThe microscopic structure of Fe-based metallic glasses (Fe 80 Ga 20) 88 B 12 (FeGaB) and Fe 90 Co 10 Þ 78 Si 12 B 10 (FeCoSiB) is investigated during in situ thermal annealing using extended X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy (EXAFS) above the Fe–K and Co–K absorption edges. FeGaB exhibits a phase transition above 450 °C, changing from amorphous glass to a partially crystalline structure. Its medium-range structure after this transition is modeled from crystalline α-Fe and FeGa 3 reference structures, combined with amorphous nearest-neighbor (NN) contributions of Fe 2 B. Local order in the glass phase is described with the same model, restricted to NN interactions. Changes in the amorphous structure occur at annealing temperatures which coincide with typical observations of changes in magnetic behavior. Meanwhile, in FeCoSiB, the EXAFS response is highly different between the Fe–K and Co–K absorption edges. EXAFS oscillations on the Fe edge are strongly suppressed, as opposed to the Co edge which shows typical amplitudes. Limited resolution in this data set allows modeling only in the first amor- phous shell, based on the NN distances from FeCo. The cause of the two materials’ different EXAFS behavior at Fe–K despite similar iron content and identical experimental conditions is currently unknown and subject of further investigation
Molaren-Inzisiven-Hypomineralisierung: eine systematische Analyse des Informationsgehalts der Internetseiten deutscher Zahnärzte
Get PDFDie veröffentlichten Informationen zum Thema Molaren-Inzisiven-Hypomineralisierung (MIH) auf den Internetseiten deutscher Zahnärzte wurden überprüft. Dazu wurden mithilfe von drei Suchmaschinen Webseiten deutscher Zahnärzte zusammengetragen. Anschließend erfolgte eine Auswertung mit einem eigens erstellten und einem angepassten validierten Fragebogen. Für das Thema MIH nutzte man jeweils drei Schlagwörter und führte die Suche zeitnah in allen drei Suchmaschinen durch. Die ersten 70 Internetseiten wurden anhand eines dreiteiligen Fragenkatalogs untersucht. Der erste Teil betraf den technischen Aufbau und die Funktionalität der Seite, der zweite die allgemeinnen zahmedizinischen Informationen, und der dritte konzentrierte sich auf MIH-themenspezifische Inhalte. Außerdem wurden allgemeine Informationen über die Praxen, wie Art der Praxis, Durchschnittsalter, Lage und Spezialisierung, gesammelt
Open Access Publishing at Kiel University
Get PDFThe brochure provides an informative overview of the services offered by Kiel University Library for publishing in Open Access (OA) at Kiel University (CAU): Open Access funding, Kiel University Publishing, and the OA publication service MACAU. It describes the various publication options and support available for CAU researchers. In addition, it addresses topics relevant to the publication process: rights and licenses, metadata, research data, and PDF creation.Die Broschüre gibt einen informativen Überblick über die Services der Universitätsbibliothek Kiel für das Publizieren im Open Access (OA) an der Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel (CAU): Open-Access-Finanzierung, Universitätsverlag, OA-Publikationsservice MACAU. Beschrieben werden die verschiedenen Veröffentlichungsoptionen und Hilfestellungen für Wissenschaftlerinnen und Wissenschaftler der CAU. Zudem werden Themen angesprochen, die im Rahmen des Publikationsprozesses von Bedeutung sind: Rechte und Lizenzen, Metadaten, Forschungsdaten und die PDF-Erstellung
Flavonoids and Sesquiterpene Lactones from Lychnophora ericoides (Arnica-Do-Cerrado) and Their In Vitro Effects on Multiple Myeloma and Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Get PDFObjectives Multiple myeloma and acute myeloid leukemia are severe forms of blood cancer, which lack effective therapies for treatment. In our search for new chemical lead structures from nature, we were investigating the Brazilian medicinal plant arnica-do-cerrado (Lychnophora ericoides). Methods Repeated chromatography led to the isolation of four flavonoids and three sesquiterpenoids, which were evaluated for their cytostatic and cytotoxic properties against HL-60, MOLM-13, AMO-1, and KMS-12 PE cancer cells as well as the non-malignant HS-5 cell line. Results Whereas the isolated flavonoids displayed only moderate activity, the three sesquiterpene lactones goyazensolide, centratherin, and lychnopholide exhibited pronounced effects against all four tested cell lines. Goyazensolide was the most effective compound, inhibiting proliferation and metabolic activity with IC50 values between 1.0 and 1.6 µM, as well as 1.0 to 2.0 µM, respectively. Centratherin and lychnopholide were somewhat less active but showed higher selectivity towards malignant cell lines, which was most pronounced for MOLM-13 cells. Conclusion The results of this study revealed interesting natural products that will be further evaluated for their potential as new lead compounds for the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia and multiple myeloma
Goldenes Zeitalter und Schwarzer Tod: Das Collegium Medicum und eine neu entdeckte Zeichnung von Jürgen Ovens
Get PDFJürgen Ovens’ bisher unbekannte Entwurfszeichnung zu einem Gruppenporträt offenbart einerseits einen neuen potentiellen Auftrag, andererseits dient sie als Erklärung für eine Reihe weiterer Zeichnungen. Die eigenhändige Bezeichnung auf dem Verso verrät, dass es sich um das Amsterdamer Collegium Medicum handelt, eine 1638 gegründete Gilde aus Ärzten und Apothekern, die neue Standards in der Gesundheitsvorsorge etablierte. Die wiederkehrende Pest klammert das Bildthema als Ausgangs- und Endpunkt ein. Wie das gesamte Œuvre ist dieses Porträt Beispiel für die Ambivalenz des Goldenen Zeitalters der Niederlande zwischen Katastrophen und allgemeiner Blüte.Jürgen Ovens’s newly discovered sketch for a group portrait reveals two aspects: a new potential commission and an explanation for a group of drawings. An inscription in his own hand on the verso identifies the sitters as the Amsterdam Collegium Medicum. Founded in 1638, this guild of doctors and pharmacists aimed to establish new standards in health care. Recurring outbreaks of plague mark both the beginning and the end of the picture’s subject. Like Ovens’s entire body of work, the portrait reflects the Dutch Golden Age’s ambivalence between catastrophe and cultural flourishing
Comparative structural analysis of stereom polymorphs in the sea urchin test
Get PDFThe fenestrated ultrastructure of the sea urchin endoskeleton has attracted the attention of researchers in different fields due to its morphological complexity and crystallographic properties. Microscopic calcitic trabeculae form an intricate bicontinuous network, called the stereom. The stereom exhibits a wide variation of pore patterns, but is essentially a single calcite crystal (mono-crystalline). The polymorphism and crystal orientation in the skeletons of sea urchins have both been previously extensively described, mostly for taxonomical reasons and for mechanical studies. Moreover, while the resemblance of the stereom architecture to constant-mean-curvature (CMC) structures has been pointed out, a quantitative description and critical analysis is still lacking. Here, we use synchrotron micro-computed tomography to capture the three-dimensional (3D) architecture of the skeletal stereom in sea urchins for morphological quantification. By characterising the different stereom types, we define a data processing pipeline that allows inter-individual and interspecies comparison of stereom architectures, with implications for sea urchin taxonomy, mechanics, and skeletal growth. We further show that the various stereom morphologies are bicontinuous CMC surfaces that are unconstrained by crystallography. Our results highlight the properties of the soft tissue filling the stereom pore space in defining the shape of sea urchin biocalcite
Digital lifestyle management application (levidex) for empowerment and health behaviour change in early multiple sclerosis - Results of the randomised controlled POWER@MS1 trial
Get PDFBackground This randomised controlled trial investigated the effect of a personalised digital lifestyle management application ('levidex') on inflammatory disease activity in newly diagnosed people with MS (pwMS), compared to a non-personalised application ('dexilev') that covered similar lifestyle-related content. Methods Participants (N = 234) were recruited from July 2019 to April 2022 in 20 study centres in Germany and randomised to levidex (intervention group (IG), n = 115) or 'dexilev' (control group (CG), n = 119). Follow-up data was collected over 1-2 years. The combined primary endpoint (new T2 lesion and/or relapse) was analysed using Cox proportional hazards regression. Key secondary endpoints included self-reported quality of life and health behaviour. Results There was no difference in the time to the first relapse and/or new T2 lesion between IG and CG (Hazard Ratio: 0.91; 95% confidence interval [CI]: [0.66, 1.27], p = 0.596). After 3 months, self-reported diet quality was higher in the IG (0.43; 95% CI: [0.14, 0.72], p = 0.0037). There was no difference in other secondary endpoints between IG and CG after 3 and 12 months. Conclusions This study failed to meet its primary endpoint and usage of levidex did not differ from dexilev in its effects on inflammatory disease activity or behaviour change in this cohort of pwMS
Schleswig-Holsteinische Literatur 2024
Get PDFDieser Essay stellt in Kurzrezensionen über 40 Werke der Schleswig-Holsteinischen Literatur vor, die 2024 in deutschsprachigen Verlagen erschienen sind. Darüber hinaus werden vier Titel berücksichtigt, die aus dem Jahr 2023 stammen. Die Übersicht ist so vollständig wie möglich angelegt. Unter Schleswig-Holsteinischer Literatur versteht man heute in der Regel, dass die Autorinnen und Autoren in Schleswig-Holstein geboren sind, dort für eine gewisse Zeit gelebt oder gearbeitet haben oder dass ihre Werke im literarischen Leben Schleswig-Holsteins eine Wirkung entfalten. Der Essay versteht sich als Überblick über die literarische Landschaft Schleswig-Holsteins und deren Verankerung in der deutschen Literaturszene.This essay presents over 40 works of Schleswig-Holstein literature published by German-language publishers in 2024 in brief reviews. In addition, there are four as dating from 2023. The overview is intended to be as complete as possible. Today, Schleswig-Holstein literature is usually understood to mean that authors are born in Schleswig-Holstein or they have lived or worked in Schleswig-Holstein for a certain period of time or that their works have an impact in literary life in Schleswig-Holstein. The essay is intended as an overview of the literary landscape of Schleswig-Holstein and its anchoring in the German literary scene
Ein Jahr DeepGreen an der CAU: Eine Zwischenbilanz
Get PDFAfter one year of participation in the second test phase of the DeepGreen project, the University Library (UB) of Kiel has conducted an interim evaluation of its implementation at Christian‑Albrechts‑University (CAU). As of September 2020, approximately 600 scholarly articles or contributions by CAU authors, mostly published in 2019‑2020, have been identified as eligible for Open‑Access secondary publication. These works come from participating publishers including MDPI, Frontiers, Sage, De Gruyter, Karger, and more recently Wiley. To support the process, UB Kiel introduced the DeepGreen Publications Router, a data hub that continuously displays publications suitable for second publication and maps institutional affiliation via an affiliation file. Moreover, the OA publication server MACAU was established to serve as a permanent archive and freely accessible platform. MACAU ensures discoverability via search engines like Google and Google Scholar, library catalogs, and aggregators such as OpenAIRE, and supports metadata formats (BibTeX, RIS), persistent identifiers, cataloging workflows, and mirroring by the German National Library. So far (by December 2020), 273 publications from MDPI and Frontiers have been secondarily published via MACAU and entered into library and union catalogs. Particular strength is evident in the life, marine, and medical sciences, nutrition, and engineering, reflecting the disciplinary distribution among CAU’s faculties and research centers. While DeepGreen has demonstrably enhanced visibility, archiving, and reduced the effort involved in secondary Open Access publication, challenges remain—especially with embargo periods, license conditions, and fully automating workflows. Continued institutional support is deemed essential for deeper transformation in publication culture.Zur Unterstützung des Geschäftsganges Zweitveröffentlichungen im Open Access hat die UB Kiel den DeepGreen Publications Router eingeführt, einen Datenhub, der kontinuierlich für eine Zweitveröffentlichung geeignete Publikationen anzeigt und die institutionelle Zugehörigkeit über eine Zugehörigkeitsdatei abbildet. Darüber hinaus wurde der OA-Publikationsserver MACAU eingerichtet, der als permanentes Archiv und frei zugängliche Plattform dient. MACAU gewährleistet die Auffindbarkeit über Suchmaschinen wie Google und Google Scholar, Bibliothekskataloge und Aggregatoren wie OpenAIRE und unterstützt Metadatenformate (BibTeX, RIS), persistente Identifikatoren, Katalogisierungsworkflows und die Spiegelung durch die Deutsche Nationalbibliothek. Bis jetzt (Stand Dezember 2020) wurden 273 Publikationen von MDPI und Frontiers über MACAU sekundär veröffentlicht und in Bibliotheks- und Verbundkataloge aufgenommen. Besondere Stärken zeigen sich in den Bereichen Biowissenschaften, Meereswissenschaften, Medizin, Ernährungswissenschaften und Ingenieurwissenschaften, was die fachliche Verteilung unter den Fakultäten und Forschungszentren der CAU widerspiegelt. Während DeepGreen nachweislich die Sichtbarkeit und Archivierung verbessert und den Aufwand für sekundäre Open-Access-Veröffentlichungen reduziert hat, bleiben Herausforderungen bestehen – insbesondere in Bezug auf Sperrfristen, Lizenzbedingungen und die vollständige Automatisierung von Arbeitsabläufen. Eine kontinuierliche institutionelle Unterstützung wird als unerlässlich für eine tiefgreifende Transformation der Publikationskultur angesehen
Degradomic-based approaches to elucidate (patho-)physiological functions of the metalloprotease meprin β
No full textIn this thesis, degradomic-based approaches - combining unbiased and targeted analyses in both in vitro and in vivo settings - were employed to investigate physiological and pathophysiological roles of the metalloprotease meprin β. Expressed in the kidney, skin, brain, and gut, meprin β participates in complex proteolytic networks, cleaving various soluble and transmembrane substrates. Therefore, dysregulation of meprin β is associated with different diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease and cancer. Genomic studies of human cancer samples have identified numerous single-nucleotide variants (SNVs) within the gene coding for meprin β. Especially cancer-associated SNVs affecting the active site of proteases may largely impact their cleavage specificity, substrate processing, and, ultimately, cancer cell behavior. To facilitate systematic studies, a Targeted Approach to determine the impact of Cancer-Associated Protease variants (TACAP) was developed and applied to analyze the meprin β R238Q variant. This amino acid exchange at the S1’ position of meprin β leads to a loss of its characteristic cleavage preference for acidic amino acids at P1’ position, accompanied by changes in the substrate pool and inhibitor efficiencies compared to meprin β wildtype (wt). Functional in cellulo and ex vivo analyses provided evidence that the expression of meprin β and its cancer-associated variants promotes tumor cell invasiveness and migration. Furthermore, in cellulo and in vivo consequences of the proteolytic processing of transferrin receptor I (TfRI) and latrophilin-3 were analyzed. In conclusion, this thesis demonstrates the power of degradomic-based analyses to uncover novel protease-substrate interactions and their functional relevance