Kyushu University of Health and Welfare Repository
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Infant health screening system overlooks some children with development disorders : at-risk children at birth
Get PDFP(論文)Infant health screenings are offered as part of public child health services all over Japan. However, there are regional differences in the contents of health screenings. Here, the problems with the current health screening system are discussed by presenting two children with developmental disorders who went undetected, despite exhibiting low birth weight. The results suggest that the current health screening system is flawed, as screened items and methods allow children with some developmental disorders to be overlooked. Other problems included poor assessment perspectives and no follow-up procedures after consultation. Extreme low birth weight is a type of developmental disorder that can be corrected with early therapy. Because one of the objectives of infant health screenings is early detection and therapy for children with disabilities, it is necessary to identify and monitor children who may have disorders. When taking into account the necessity of early detection and therapy for childhood disorders, and the importance of follow-up visits after screenings, it is necessary for speech therapists to be actively involved.departmental bulletin pape
The Humanitas Experiment : "Apartments for Life"
Get PDFP(論文)This paper introduces the Rottterdam Humanitas Foundation's approach to housing the elderly, termed "Apartments for Life." Once the elderly move into one of these apartment he or she does not have to worry about having to move again. Of course, the occupant can continue living with his or her partner. Moreover, the apartments are furnished so that anyone can live in them regardless of his or her care needs. All care will be provided including 100% nursing care. Each resident is master of his or her own home and can determine his or her own care needs.. The "use it or lose it" concept is a key concept of the Humanitas care philosophy. Independence is encouraged by having residents take responsibility for these own lives and their daily activities. The built environment supports resident independence and dignity.departmental bulletin pape
Research on Teacher Attitudes toward Child Abuse (3) : The relationship between a teacher perception of child abuse and a teacher perception of stress within the school
Get PDFP(論文)The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between how a teacher evaluates a potential case of child abuse and the teacher perception of stress within the school. Subjects were 399 teachers, 154 of them junior high school teachers. Subjects completed a survey about suspected child abuse cases, stress within the school, and other questions. We found that over 60% of teachers did not suspect child abuse in their class. 93% of respondents indicated hesitance rather than intervene with a student family. Factor analysis on perception of child abuse and the perceived stress in school revealed three factors loading on the child, two factors loading on the parents and six factors loading on teacher stress. Our results suggest that teachers experiencing stress may perceive more cases of child abuse than teachers experiencing less stress.Also, we found that junior high school teachers experiencing higher levels of stress perceived potential abuse as a problem of the family.departmental bulletin pape
Association between satisfaction level for daily life and daily physical activity
Get PDFP(論文)The purpose of this study was to investigate whether there is an association between satisfaction level for daily life and daily physical activity. Twenty five subjects (9 men, 16 women, aged 30 to 69 years) participated in this study, after the informed consent was obtained from all subjects. Daily physical activity was measured by the pedometer (Lifecorder Ex., Suzuken, Japan). The pedometer has an acceleration sensor, and estimates the sum of daily steps and the intensity of physical activities. The pedometer was worn for 14 days. All subjects answered about satisfaction level for daily life using the WHO-QOL26 question sheet. The sum of daily steps was 6, 695±2, 028 steps/day (range : 3, 102-9, 976). and the averaged QOL score was 3.4±0.3 (range : 2.9-4.2). The sex difference was not found in the sum of daily steps and the averaged QOL score each other. There was not a significant correlation between the sum of daily steps and the averaged QOL score. These results cannot suggest that daily physical activity relates to the satisfaction level for daily life. The person, the daily steps more than approximately 3, 000 steps/day, may not be the low satisfaction level for daily life.departmental bulletin pape
Decrease of CD93 expression on the human monocyte-like cell line U937 treated with anti-Fas monoclonal antibody
Get PDFP(論文)抗Fasモノクローナル抗体処理単球系細胞株(U937)表面上の補体(C1q)レセプター(CD93)の発現を我々が開発したCD93モノクローナル抗体(医学生物学研究所で販売)とフローサイトメトリー法を用いて解析した。その結果、抗Fasモノクローナル抗体処理U937細胞はアポトーシスマーカーであるAPO2.7分子の発現を誘導すると共に、細胞表面上のCD93分子の発現を著明に低下させた。また、この発現低下は抗Fasモノクローナル抗体の処理時間に依存していた。以上の結果から、抗Fasモノクローナル抗体処理単球系細胞株(U937)はFas/Fas ligand(Fas/Fas L)システムを介したCD93分子の発現調節を考察する上で非常に有益な情報を提供するものと考えられる。Human CD93, a receptor for complement component 1, subcomponent q (C1qRp), was shown to be selectively expressed by cells of a myeloid lineage, and was originally reported to be involved in the C1q-mediated enhancement of phagocytosis in innate and adaptive immune responses. The modulation of CD93 expression also has been investigated in various cells, in particular, in granulocytes and monocytes. However, its modulation in myeloid cells with apoptotic properties remains poorly understood. In this study, using flow cytometry and two types of CD93 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), mNI- 11 and X-2, we demonstrated the modulation of CD93 expression on the human monocyte-like cell line (U937) treated with an anti-Fas mAb, a substance for induction of apoptosis through the Fas/Fas ligand (FasL) system. The U937 cells expressed an apoptosis-related molecule, APO 2.7 after treatment with the anti-Fas mAb, and the expression of CD93 defined by mNI-11 or X-2 mAb on these cells was dramatically decreased. Furthermore, the decrease of CD93 expression on the U937 cells treated with anti-Fas mAb occurred in a time-dependent manner. Taken together, theses findings suggest that the decrease of CD93 expression on the U937 cells treated with anti-Fas mAb would be a good model for analyzing immunological responses in myeloid cells with apoptotic properties under C1q and CD93 interactions.departmental bulletin pape
Structure of Attitudes toward Children's "Gender and Body" : The Analysis of Questionnaires for Preschoolers' Parents
Get PDFP(論文)The purpose of this article is to examine the structure of the attitudes toward children's "gender and body" through questionnaires to preschoolers' parents. Data was collected during April and May 2006. A total of 242 parents in the Kyushu and Chugoku districts responded to the questionnaire. Questions were about their attitudes toward their own gender and body, their attitudes toward their children's behavior and clothing, and their expectations for their children's future. The findings are as follows : First, although some items had significant gender differences, the parents' Scale for Gender Conception (SGC) score showed no significant gender differences. Secondly, regarding the parents' own body images, males thought their own bodies stronger, while females dldn't like their own bodies. Third, the parents' expectations toward their children showed some gender differences. Finally, the parents' SGC score showed some gender differentiation on disciplining their children as well as on their children's gender-related clothing. I discuss these results in terms of gender and body during childhood.departmental bulletin pape
Phonetic features and notable differences between Japanese, English and Chinese : For understanding a second-language learning barrier
Get PDFP(論文)To understand phonetic features and notable differences among three languages (Japanese, English, and Chinese), segmental and supra-segmental characteristics of each language are described, and such phonetic features of Japanese and other language were compared. A review of the literature revealed that some phonetic features are not shared between Japanese and other languages. Notable phonetic characteristics of Japanese include a long vowel, a moraic form of voiceless obstruents occurring as the first part of geminates, a moraic nasal /N/, and high-low pitch accent on words. In contrast, no long (two morae) vowels, no moraic form of obstruents, but loudness control for stress on words are observed in English. For Chinese, stops are produced with aspirated and non-aspirated while stops are made with voiced and voiceless contrasts in Japanese; thus, perceptual and production confusion for foreign-language learners are often seen in these aspects. It is hypothesized that speakers use knowledge and skills of their own mother tongue for the perception and production of second languages.departmental bulletin pape
A Study of Kant's "Zum ewigen Frieden" (Engl. 'For eternal peace') : with reference to Kant's Grundlegung zur Meteaphysik der Sitten
Get PDFP(論文)Problems like terrorism, the threat of the nuclear weapons, ethnic conflicts, etc., continue to threaten peace now at the beginning of the 21st century.To explore how we might achieve global peace, I examined Kant's "Zum ewigen Frieden." Moreover, because war and peace, are, of course, issues of mankind, I also decided to examine Kant's view as expressed in his Grundlegung zur Meteaphysik der Sitten According to this research, it is clear that we must establish our foundation for human studies based on the search for man's innate morality and reason.When we think about peace, if we search for a universal philosophy that transcends race, religion, and cultural differences, then we may perhaps discover the possibility for global peace.departmental bulletin pape
The Health Status in Cambodia : Review from the Human Resource Point of View
Get PDFP(論文)Human resource development in the health sector is one of the most important activities in every country so that people can enjoy their better health and their sound lives. Cambodia's human resources were heavily attacked by Pol Pot the leader of Khmer Rouge, during his regime from 1975 to 1979. He exterminated 1.5-2 million people (at that time, Camboida's population was 8 million), targeting politicians and bureaucrats accused of association with previous government, educated people in general, Buddhist monks and any people who were regarded as useless ones for his revolution. Although Pol Pot was driven from power by Vietnamese in 1979, power conflicts were not ceased until Peace Accord in Paris in 1991 and the dispatch of UN Transit Authority in Cambodia (UNTAC) in 1992. Extermination of major health workers and the long term of civil war for more than 20 years have resulted in terrible health status with high infant and maternal mortality rate, rampant infectious diseases, e.g. tuberculosis, malaria, HIV, meningitis, dengue, etc. This situation is not well improved even now, mainly due to poor human resources in the health sector. At the moment, many aid agencies are engaging in assistance to reconstruct human resource in Cambodia. Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) and World Health Organization (WHO) are major contributors in this area. The former is currently running "the Project for Human Resource Development of Co-medicals" and the latter is strong influence to Ministry of Health in the area of health planning. This time I was given an opportunity to visit two offices and observe their activities. Basing information and facts obtained during my tour, many problems in human resource development were identified. In this paper, four major issues will be dealt, i.e. 1) fragility of health service administration, 2) poor legislation system for health workers, 3) linguistic difficulties in health education, 4) low morale of health personnel. These would not be solved in short span even though JICA and other aid agencies continue their assistance. In order to maximize the JICA input to the area of human resource development, this paper would propose the establishment of the health advisors post in the Ministry of Health in Cambodia.departmental bulletin pape