8393 research outputs found
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PERORMANCE EVALUATION OF ROUTING PROTOCOLS
No full textThe project objective is to evaluate the performance of routing protocols using a simulation software to determine the which routing protocol is the best in a given network and the benefits and drawbacks of each protocol.Due to the huge number of routers and hosts in the internet, internet was divided into areas called (autonomous systems) or (ASs) each run under the same administrative authority. Inside the autonomous system the administrators have many choices of routing protocols to run. To select one among these choices, they must be compared with each to determine the best protocol to be used. There are a lot of metrics to evaluate and compare the performance of routing protocols; the amount of traffic generated by each protocol, the traffic dropped by each protocol in case of link failure, the bandwidth consumed by the protocol, the delay caused by the protocol messages,…etc. In this project, the OPNET modeler version 14 was used to evaluate and compare the performance of routing protocols. First simulation compares the traffic generated by RIP, IGRP, OSPF and EIGRP, the second simulation evaluate the performance of distance vector protocols in the case of a topology changes, the third and fourth simulations show how the performance of the RIP can be improved by enabling the auto summary and the triggered extension mode . From the simulation results it has been found that: - The Enhanced Gateway Routing Protocol (IGRP) is the protocol that consumes the least bandwidth due to its small generated traffic when compared with the other routing protocols, and the EIGRP give the best performance in the case of topological changes due to its fast convergence time, the will make the EIGRP is the best choice to be used as an interior gateway routing protocol. -The Enhanced Gateway Routing Protocol (IGRP) can only be used in CISCO routers, so in the case of the networks that use routers from other manufacturers, the OSPF will be a good choice because it has give the second best performance.
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-The routing information protocol RIP generate high periodic traffic that can cause congestion to the slow networks, but its performance can be improved by enabling the auto summary and the triggered extension mode which lead to a significant decrement in the traffic generated by the RIP
Android Navigation Software FOR Khartoum State
No full textIn this project, android navigation software for Khartoum State is developed using agile technique. The application is able to display online maps of the whole world, display offline maps saved on phone storage, track the user current location and display route between start point and destination point on map regarding one of the three transportation modes (car, bicycle or pedestrian mode), in addition of providing good user interface and extra features.On recent days, location-aware navigation applications have developed over the years and become an essential part of any smartphone. These applications has exceeded their essential ability to display maps, to include many utilities like guiding the user turn-by-turn to his destination, search for addresses and many other features. Providing all these features on one application makes it a great and essential tool for the people life. In this project, android navigation software for Khartoum State is developed using agile technique. The application is able to display online maps of the whole world, display offline maps saved on phone storage, track the user current location and display route between start point and destination point on map regarding one of the three transportation modes (car, bicycle or pedestrian mode), in addition of providing good user interface and extra features. The project objectives have been met successfully; it passes 100% of the system test and some limitations occurred. The application can be improved to be used with a local map, and many features can be developed and included to the application in the future
WIND AND DIESEL GENERATOR HYBRID CONTROL SYSTEM
No full textThis project focuses on modeling a hybrid power plant (in Soba) controlled by a wind-diesel hybrid control system so as to supply the load in the associated areaHybrid power systems based on new and renewable energy sources, especially wind energy, are an effective option to solve the power-supply problem for remote and isolated areas far from the grids. The hybrid system employs a renewable source of power (wind turbine) in addition to a diesel generator; the later is used to compensate for the instabilities of the wind turbine. This project focuses on modeling a hybrid power plant (in Soba) controlled by a wind-diesel hybrid control system so as to supply the load in the associated area To be able to achieve wind generation the velocity of the wind at the plants as well as the turbine power output must be known. A monthly schedule was used in order to calculate the average velocity of the wind and to determine the turbine mechanical power output. If the wind generation is insufficient the diesel generator responds so as to compensate for the disturbances in order to maintain the power supply to the load. To analyses the system ETAP was used and the results (generated power) were recorded
HARMONIC TREATMENT IN INDUSTRIAL POWER SYSTEMS
No full textThe objectives of this project are to suggest solutions for harmonic problem in industrial power systems also to study the main harmonic sources in industries their modeling, analysis and effects.Ideally, an electricity supply should invariably show a perfectly sinusoidal voltage signal at every customer location. However, for a number of reasons, utilities often find it hard to preserve such desirable conditions. The deviation of the voltage and Current waveforms from sinusoidal is described in terms of the waveform distortion, often expressed as harmonic distortion. Harmonics can be produced in a plant and/or may enter a plant from the utility power system because of other offending sources on the line feeding the plant. The objectives of this project are to suggest solutions for harmonic problem in industrial power systems also to study the main harmonic sources in industries their modeling, analysis and effects. From the project it was found that the passive filters is the most effective and economic solution for harmonic problem in industrial power systems. The Sudanese Malaysian Factory was taken as a case study analyzed with the ETAP; the results of the harmonic analysis compared with the IEEE harmonic distortion limits where all harmonic orders which exceed the limits had been removed using the passive filters
FINGERPRINT ENTERING SYSTEMS
No full textThe Objective of this project is to develop a physical security system by means of fingerprint to assure the security of the door of room or building for limiting the access to specific people, in order to assure a high level of security which makes it difficult for a stranger to impersonate that person.Abstract: The development in control systems led through computerized automatic systems to a great development in security systems especially after biometric technology has arisen as a new. Biometric is computerized methods of recognizing people based on physical or behavioral characteristics. The main biometric technologies include face recognition, fingerprint, hand geometry, iris, palm prints, signature and voice. In fact the fingerprint biometric is the only current biometric which satisfies the requirements of high security and it has been used to make identifications for over 100 years. Fingerprint is unique, easy to capture and does not require sophisticated hardware for analysis, so it can be used in military applications that require high security and in civil applications that require welfare. The Objective of this project is to develop a physical security system by means of fingerprint to assure the security of the door of room or building for limiting the access to specific people, in order to assure a high level of security which makes it difficult for a stranger to impersonate that person. The program is coded with MATLAB7 going through all the stages of the fingerprint processing, saving and matching. MATLAB7 is helpful to understand the procedures of fingerprint recognition. As fingerprint systems grow, system price will continue to decrease along with size, while recognition rates will improve. If costs became reasonable as the industry projects, personal use of biometric systems will grow to replace the current reliance on passwords, PINs, and door keys that are used for computers, home security systems, restricted entry, cars, ATMs, credit cards, Internet access, corporate networks, confidential databases, etc. The biometric promise is to make access much simpler while at the same time provide higher level of security
Developing a WAP push system
No full textThe major objective of the project is to design and implement a WAP push system that
could be used for web content delivery. This objective is divided to further three parts;
building push proxy gateway, designing a WAP site and push initiator.The wireless application protocol, WAP, is a standard for wireless units, which in
contrast to the internet computers have less CPU, less memory, smaller displays, and so
on. These units have limited power and they tend to have less bandwidth, more latency,
and less connection stability. The Wireless Application Protocol, WAP, is an effort to
make it possible to access the Internet with these wireless units and to make the
connection as efficient as possible.
Despite this entire good thing WAP over; there still ranges of enhancement through the
concept of WAP push. Pushing active web content to user could be more valuable and
will serve great bandwidth and resale users from the tedious operation of browsing the
web through their handsets.
The major objective of the project is to design and implement a WAP push system that
could be used for web content delivery. This objective is divided to further three parts;
building push proxy gateway, designing a WAP site and push initiator.
An engineered methodology had been followed to implement the three parts of the
project that makes it easy to accomplish the objectives. An emulator and real phones had
been used to test and validate the correctness and functionality of the system. The project
had been successfully done
FIXED WIMAX CAPACITY AND LINK BUDGET CALCULATIONS
No full textThe objective of this project is to better understand WiMAX system capacity and link budget calculations. System capacity refers to the number of connections that the wireless channel can support without unduly degrading the data services carried on the channel.WiMAX stand for Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access, which is a telecommunication technology that provides wireless data in a variety of ways, from point-to-point links to full mobile cellular type access. It is based on the IEEE 802.16 standard, which enables the delivery of last wireless broadband access as an alternative to cable and DSL. The objective of this project is to better understand WiMAX system capacity and link budget calculations. System capacity refers to the number of connections that the wireless channel can support without unduly degrading the data services carried on the channel. In this project we will confine the capacity discussion to the OFDM physical layer in order to avoid a lengthy discussion of the additional complications that mobility introduces; including handover and dynamic cell occupancy. Determining the system capacity is very important because it is often prohibitively expensive to later overlay additional wireless capacity into the same coverage area, and without a firm understanding of the system capacity an operator has no way of estimating the recovery time for the up-front costs of deploying the access network, so understanding the system capacity is therefore key to deploying a commercially successful access network. Link budget planning is an essential part of the network planning process for both indoor and outdoor applications. A link budget helps to give dimension to the required coverage, capacity, and quality of service requirement in the network
AUTONOMOUS HAZARDOUS MATERIALS HANDLING MOBILE ROBOT
No full textThe project is aimed at solving the problem of handling hazardous materials that
are in a powder form. The project provides communication and synchronization between
various elements within a robotic unit all the way till the hazardous material is handled
properly.The development process of a robotic unit is carried out and the technical details
of the end result are presented. The robotic unit consists of a manipulator arm mounted
on top of a motorized platform. The essential part of the robot is the programmable
microcontroller based brick that is capable of deriving and interfacing basically with the
three stepper motors and the two servo motors used to fulfill this project. The
microcontroller is interfaced with the servo motors using ULN integrated circuits
together with discrete components and is programmed using a C language code. Stepper
motors are employed for their low prices while servo motors are used because of their
light weight and greater torque capabilities. The ISIS professional simulator by Proteus 7
professional is employed to simulate the robot’s behavior. A sample robot capable of
accepting commands, moving, and taking samples from a given pile is constructed and its
performance is determined
IP Based Multimedia Services in Mobile Communications
No full textThe objective of this project is to participate in developing IP based multimedia subsystem applications in both server side and client side.Cellular providers are offering multimedia services as a market differentiator and to counteract market saturation. The adoption of multimedia requires a robust infrastructure that can support powerful multimedia applications. To overcome this problem telecommunication developers aim to merge two of the most successful paradigms in communications: cellular networks and the Internet by providing IP based Multimedia services framework. This enables service providers to take advantage of the unique strengths of IP to deliver faster, more flexible, and more cost-effective deployments of new and differentiated multimedia communication services over both mobile and fixed networks. Most of the development efforts are oriented to enable IP Multimedia Subsystem to work with different types of networks (WCDMA, PSTN…etc), and to develop new interactive applications at the server side. More attention should be paid by developers to develop client applications as well as server applications. A simple server application has been developed that can obviate the need to deal with the difficulties associated with the service creation hardware. Signals that trigger the application server have been defined. This server application has been coded using Java language with the help of SDS which is based on Eclipse IDE. Also a client application that enables mobile devices to communicate with IP based networks to perform Voice over IP (VoIP) calls over cellular networks has been created. The client application has been coded with the help of SDS IMS Client Platform (ICP) capabilities. VoIP client application has been tested by configuring a Peer-to-Peer network, with each PC running this application. The results obtained show that the VoIP client application is working properly and is suitable to be deployed
Design,Implementaion,Software,Radio,Transceiver
No full textIn this project computer was used to transmit and receive amplitude modulated voice signal and receive it, a personal
. The microprocessor that contained in the personal computer was used to
perform most of the basic signal transmission and reception functions which are: modulation,
demodulation and filtering. This system that uses software instead of hardware to perform those
operations is called software defined radio (SDR).To transmit and receive amplitude modulated voice signal and receive it, a personal
computer was used. The microprocessor that contained in the personal computer was used to
perform most of the basic signal transmission and reception functions which are: modulation,
demodulation and filtering. This system that uses software instead of hardware to perform those
operations is called software defined radio (SDR).
To allow the voice signal to be processed by software, the computer sound card was used to
convert analog voice signal to digital data and vice versa.
The number of discrete hardware components that are required in the traditional hardware
radio was reduced by using software and the system was easier to design and more flexible