8393 research outputs found
Sort by
Prevalence of Gastrointestinal Helminths in Sheep from White Nile State, Sudan
No full textThis study was carried out during November 1997 to October 1998 to determine
the species and prevalence of gastrointestinal helminths from White Nile State, which is a
major sheep production area in the Sudan. These sheep were slaughtered at Omdurman
Central Abattoir and were designated for export. A total of 507 faecal samples and 30
gastrointestinal tracts were collected at random and processed, using microscopic
coprological examination, faecal culture and postmortem examination. Mixed helminth
infections were found common in 93.3% of gastrointestinal tracts examined. Nematode
infections were the commonest, reaching 90.0% of the examined animals.
Trichostrongylus colubriformis was the predominant nematode species with an infection
rate of 86.7% followed by Haemonchus contortus with a prevalence of 76.6%. Other
identified nematode species were Cooperia pectinata, Oesophagostomum columbianum,
Strongyloide spapillosus, Trichuris globulosa and Skrjabinema ovis with frequencies of
50%, 36.7%, 66.7%, 26.7% and 6.7%, respectively. Cestodes were recovered in 80% of
the gastrointestinal tracts. The identified species were Stilesia globipunctata, Avitellina
centripunctata, Moniezia expansa and Moniezia benedeni The most prevalent cestode
was S. globipunctata followed by A. centripunctata with frequencies of 66.7% and
60.0%, respectively. The study indicated that nematodes may be involved in causing
significant losses in sheep production in the Sudan. The results revealed involvement of
some potentially pathogenic forms such as T. colubriformis and H. contortus. In this
study, four helminth species are reported for the first time in the White Nile State. These
are Trichuris globulosa, Skrjabinema ovis, Stilesia globipunctata and Avitellina
centripunctata
Toxicological Evaluation of the Ethanolic Extract of Aristolochia bracteata in Rabbits
No full textThe herb Aristolochia bracteata is known in Sudan as Um Galagel and is
extensively used in traditional medicine as anti-malarial, antipyretic and in treatment of
snake bites. The plant is known to contain several chemical components such as
aristolochic acid and aristolochine. This study was conducted to assess the toxicological
effect of ethanolic extract of the vegetative parts of Aristolochia bracteata in New
Zealand albino rabbits. A concentration of 20% ethanolic extract was tested in three
groups of New Zealand rabbits, four animals in each. Groups 2, 3 and 4 were,
respectively, orally dosed with 250, 500 and 1000 mg/kg bwt, daily for 28 days, while
group 1 was left as untreated control. Blood samples were collected every week for
haematological and serological examination and necropsy samples for histopatology. The
extract showed 100% mortality after 7 days at all dose levels with a significant increase
in the activities of the enzymes AST and ALT and in the concentration of creatinine, urea
and uric acid and in MCHC. The histopathological examination revealed necrosis,
congestion, haemorrhage and inflammatory cells infiltration in the liver, kidney, spleen,
heart and intestine. The liver, also, showed fatty degeneration of the hepatocytes. The
study concluded that this plant is contra-indicated in systemic treatment rather than
topical application unless the safety margin between the curative dose and the minimum
toxic dose is adjusted. Although many plants are used for traditional treatment and some
of them respond in treatment of several complaints; however, many plants are used
without solid scientific basis. They may have side effects or toxic properties that need
investigation and evaluation
An Interactive Computerized Botanical Key for Identification of Tree and Shrub Species of Abu Gieli Forest, Sennar State, Sudan
No full textThis study is devoted to the trees and shrubs of Abu Gieli forest that located on East
bank of Blue Nile, Sennar State, Sudan, to which ten field trips were carried out for sample
collection and photography. Using herbaria manuals and internet facilities, fifty nine tree and
shrub species were investigated and identified. For speedy and reliable identification, two
keys were developed; the first is for all species described when they are leafy, flowery or
fruity; while the other is for trees when deciduous, this is based entirely on characters which
can be seen the whole year round i.e. those of buds, leaf- scars, twigs and bark. The process
of recognizing plants passes through the families, genera and then the species in a form of a
key that constructed and developed in a way liable to computerization. First, all tree species,
classified to families, and arranged in an overall structure, then a flowchart has been
constructed. The flowchart shows the overall program and the choice the user makes to go
through the program. Flowchart is used to create the program using one of the object oriented
programming visual basic language. The keys were computerized by using Microsoft Visual
Basic version 6 program. The interactive nature of the key enables the user to interact with
the program by responding to prompt order depending on the choice he or she takes. The
program will guide the user according to his or her choice step by step until the right species
is given. The present program makes provision for (26) families, (46) genera and (59)
species, in addition to these groups which can be made according to the choice. In addition,
Illustrations are given, the photograph folder can be resident in C drive and the program can
be put in the desktop
Effects of Water Harvesting Techniques in Dry Lands on Establishment of Faidherbia albida (Del.) A. Chev. Seedlings in Nyala Locality, South Darfur State
No full textThis study aimed to assess the effects of water harvesting techniques on the
establishment of Faidherbia .albida seedlings in dry lands of two sites (Savanna and Musai)
in Nyala Locality, South Darfur State. The study was conducted during May 2010 to March
2011. Five water-harvesting techniques; namely, control, Trapezoidal bund, contour bund,
semi-circular bund, and Negarim micro-catchments, were tested. Three months old F. albida
seedlings, representing each treatment, were transplanted in prepared holes in August 2010.
Seedlings height, diameter and number of branches were measured monthly from
transplanting until the termination of the experiment in March 2011. Soil moisture content
was determined at depths of 0-30 and 30-60 cm for all treatments in the two sites. The results
showed that the seedlings height and diameter and number of branches were significantly
better in the semi-circular bund compared with the control and the other techniques. The
survival rate of F. albida seedlings was very low in the control and was the best in the semicircular
bund in the Savanna site. In Musai site, the survival rate of seedlings in all the
treatments was similar. The results of the soil moisture content showed that the semi-circular
technique was the best in collecting and preserving water in Savanna site, while the contour
bund was the best treatment in the Musai site
Variation in Seed and Germination Traits of Sclerocarya birrea subsp. birrea Populations
No full textThe extent of variation in seed and germination traits of Sclerocarya birrea subsp.
birrea was evaluated at the population level. Seeds were collected from five natural
populations in Sudan (Rashad, Alfaid, Alkhwi, Aldamazin and Baw). Five replicates of
25 seeds per population were studied to assess variability in seed morphometric traits,
germination index (seed vigor) and total germination percentage, using 100 water-soaked
seeds per population sown in a completely randomized block design under controlled
environmental condition. Significant (P≤0.05) differences among populations were
obtained in seed and germination traits. The analyses revealed that some of the seed traits
had significant correlations with the geographical variables of the populations. Among
seed traits, significant (P≤0.05) correlations were found between seed length, seed weight
and seed width. Germination percentage had no significant correlation with seed traits.
With the exception of seed germination percentage, 95%-97% of the total variation in
seed traits was attributed to population effect. Variations in seed and germination traits
could be a reference point, when considering seed collection of this species for
conservation and species restoratio
Language Status and Use in Dilling City, the Nuba Mountains
No full textLanguage Status and Use in Dilling City,
the Nuba MountainsThe Nuba Mountains region is located in Southern Kordofan State in the
Western part of Sudan. The region hosts people from different ethnic,
linguistic and cultural backgrounds. Three of the African language phyla
proposed by Greenberg (1966) are spoken in the region. The first phylum,
Niger-Congo, is represented by the Kordofanian language group found in the
Eastern part of the Nuba Mountains (e.g. Masakin, Koalib, Katla, Tima, etc.).
The second group, Nilo-Saharan the largest language family in Sudan is
found in the Northern and central parts of the Nuba Mountains, and is
represented here by languages such as Dilling, Ama, Temein and Daju. The
family also includes languages spoken outside the Nuba Mountains region: in
Southern Sudan (Dinka, Shilluk, Anuak, Acholi, etc.), Northern Sudan (Nobiin
and Kenzi-Dongolese), the Blue Nile region (Koma, Ingassana, Ganza, Uduk,
etc.) and Darfur (Fur, Zaghawa, Daju, etc.). The third phylum, Afro-Asiatic, is
represented by Arabic, which functions as the sole lingua franca across the
entire region. The strategic location of the Nuba Mountains on an ancient
East West route for traders and West African pilgrims on their way to Mecca,
along with the fertile land in the region, has attracted many people from
different parts of the Sudan as well as West Africa. The present survey has
recorded a total of 37 languages spoken in the Nuba Mountains region, some
indigenous and some from elsewhere, including Beja (from the East); Nobiin
from the Northern state; Fur, Bargo and Massalitfrom Darfur; Dinka and Vir
Evaluation of Residential Area Rehabilitation in Khartoum State
No full textEvaluation of Residential Area Rehabilitation in Khartoum StateABSTRACT: The aim of this paper is to describe the evaluation method used for
qualification of the site under study. The site is located in Abu Sid Block 14 at
Khartoum State. In situ and Laboratory testing were carried out to make the data
available for the evaluation. Based on geotechnical investigation, the top clay soil is
potentially expansive and problems are expected to occur due to the soil heave
associated with increase in its moisture content, if certain measures are not taken
during construction stage. Such measures and precautions have to be considered to
avoid excessive movements especially under lightly loaded buildings, floors and
underground structures. Many recommendations were derived to make optimum use
of the site as residential area
احصائية بنتائج الامتحانات التي عرضت علي مجلس الدراسات الزراعية والبيطرية في اجتماع رقم 61-2013
No full textاحصائية بنتائج الامتحانات التي عرضت علي مجلس الدراسات الزراعية والبيطرية في اجتماع رقم 61-201