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Variation in Seed and Germination Traits of Sclerocarya birrea subsp. birrea Populations
No full textThis paper had been presented for promotion at the university of Khartoum. To get the full text please contact the other at [email protected] extent of variation in seed and germination traits of Sclerocarya
birrea subsp. birrea was evaluated at the population level. Seeds were
collected from five natural populations in Sudan (Rashad, Alfaid, Alkhwi,
Aldamazin and Baw). Five replicates of 25 seeds per population were
studied to assess variability in seed morphometric traits, germination
index (seed vigor) and total germination percentage, using 100 watersoaked
seeds per population sown in a completely randomized block
design under controlled environmental condition. Significant (P≤0.05)
differences among populations were obtained in seed and germination
traits. The analyses revealed that some of the seed traits had significant
correlations with the geographical variables of the populations. Among
seed traits, significant (P≤0.05) correlations were found between seed
length, seed weight and seed width. Germination percentage had no
significant correlation with seed traits. With the exception of seed
germination percentage, 95%-97% of the total variation in seed traits was
attributed to population effect. Variations in seed and germination traits
could be a reference point, when considering seed collection of this
species for conservation and species restoration
CONTROL OF AN INDUSTRIAL ROBOTIC ARM
No full textThe objective of this project is to design and implement of an industrial
robotic arm that has three degrees of freedom (DOF) and a mobile carrier, its function
is to move dangerous materials from one place to another.It is well known that our ancients used to do hard and dangerous works; and
from that time thoughts about various methods to help them in their works
appeared. The idea of robots appeared to be used in works that human beings can’t
do, after rapid development of industry, the need for robots increased; because
there are many fields endanger human beings, for example working in radiant
areas; there are also many applications which require more accuracy that human
beings can achieve, for the above cases and many others robots are preferable than
human beings. Unfortunately manufactured robots are extremely expensive.
The major objective of the project is to design and implement an industrial
robotic arm that helps to overcome some of the problems related to the economical
sides.
The system consists of two main parts: The mechanical structure of the arm,
and the control system which consists of a personal computer and an electronic
circuit. The system software was written in MATLAB version 7.0.
An engineered methodology had been followed to implement the different
phases of the project that eventually leads all objectives to be accomplished.
The required software and hardware tests were done, and the expected results were
achieved which proved the success of the project
AUTOFOCUS FOR A DIGTAL CAMERA USING SPECTRUM ANALYSIS
No full textProject objectives : Interfacing the camera with the MATLAB program. Design and implementation of an algorithm or typically a code using the discrete cosine transform, to give an accurate value that represents the focusing degree of the captured image. Design a mechanical model that move the camera lenses to the right position, according to the analysis output.The purpose of a camera system is to provide the observer with image information. A defocused image contains less information than a focused one. Therefore, focusing is a central problem in such a system. When the scene changes a lot it is desirable to perform focusing automatically to liberate the operator from this duty. In this thesis I present new method or new technique to obtain an autofocus system. This method is a passive method. It’s based on analyzing a captured image by the camera using frequency domain analysis. The analysis based on taking the Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) for the image to calculate the energy. This energy is a direct indication to the focus degree or the sharpness for that image. After calculating the energy, it sent to the controller using serial protocol. The controller drives a stepper motor which adjusts the camera lens according to the energy value. The project goals have been met successfully and the auto focusing system was designed and implemented using spectrum analysis
NEW LOAD FLOW METHODS AND TECHNIQUES
No full textObjective is to discover new methods that overcome the Jacobian singularity, develop programs that perform the new methods, and finally test these programs on some well known testing systems such as IEEE-14-Bus testing system.Load flow Analysis is probably one of the most important studies of the performed on a power system since it evaluates steady state operating conditions of the system. Principal information obtained from a load flow is the voltage angle and magnitude at each bus hence the flow of active and reactive power in each line. Load flow analysis is required by other power system studies such as transient stability, contingency analysis and voltage stability. Numerical analysis is the main tool used to solve the load flow problem to obtain the desired results. A problem that faces the numerical methods is that they do not converge near the voltage stability limit, this lead to the emergence of what‟s known as Continuation Power Flow, which is a method that performs load flow beyond the voltage stability limit. A numerical technique is employed to achieve this task. Continuation Power Flow employs arrives at the full PV curve which is vital to the voltage stability analysis. Project scope is to discover and implement new methods and techniques of load flow that overcome the problem of Jacobian singularity and arrive at the full continuation curve. New methods were discovered; their mathematical expressions were derived and programmed by MATLABTM. For the sake verification, the programs were tested on IEEE -14-bus test system and results were compared with other results obtained by PSAT, Power System Analysis Toolbox used on MATLABTM and they were satisfactory
Learning Management Systems (LMSs) and their Implementation Issues
No full textThis thesis discus the systems used for E-Learning, and the reason s to choose MOODLE as the best system among all systems. The thesis also include good explanation for MOODLE and the way to use it. As the thesis include the implementation of MOODLE FOR the course (computer networks) to demonstrate using and displaying this course and its quizzes in MOODLE.ince the revolution of telecommunication many systems produced to dedicate the ENTERNET for teaching and manage the operation learning. This thesis discus the systems used for E-Learning, and the reason s to choose MOODLE as the best system among all systems. The thesis also include good explanation for MOODLE and the way to use it. As the thesis include the implementation of MOODLE FOR the course (computer networks) to demonstrate using and displaying this course and its quizzes in MOODLE
SINGLE PHASE INTELLIGENT GSM BASED PREPAID ENERGY METER
No full textIn this project, an intelligent GSM based prepaid energy meter is developed. The system is able to accurately calculate the amount of consumed energy by a certain facility (e.g.: house / store…etc.), display the remaining energy available from a pre-purchase of electricity, by which is done by the means of recharge through SMS service. The energy meter also provides the utility company with regular status of the meter on a predefined interval, consisting of the user’s account update, by retrieval of the balance of the meter, and keeping log of the consumed and remaining electricity of each user, also by means of SMS.With the rapid advance in technology in our present time, everything in our daily life is developing accordingly, and energy meters are no exception to this phenomenon. In this project, an intelligent GSM based prepaid energy meter is developed. The system is able to accurately calculate the amount of consumed energy by a certain facility (e.g.: house / store…etc.), display the remaining energy available from a pre-purchase of electricity, by which is done by the means of recharge through SMS service. The energy meter also provides the utility company with regular status of the meter on a predefined interval, consisting of the user’s account update, by retrieval of the balance of the meter, and keeping log of the consumed and remaining electricity of each user, also by means of SMS. The utility company is also able to send updated consumption rates according to the Time of Day Tariff (TOD Tariff) to the meter on pre-defined intervals. The system was designed and implemented on a trivial load level. The hardware for this system consisted of different analog and digital components and interfaces between them, such as latches, MAX 232, a microcontroller and so on. The software for this system was implemented with the use of embedded system code inC programming languagethat was written onto the microcontroller. This project successfully designed and implemented an efficient way to collect billings for electricity consumptions, and further facilitate the recharge process of meters currently being used. Further more, this system will revolutionize the entire metering system used in our country in the not so far future, if this project is to be implemented on a nation wide level
DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF CLAIM BASED BIOMETRIC AUTHENTICATION SYSTEM OVER THE CLOUD
No full textThe project aims to develop an identity provider that uses fingerprint and facial biometrics to authenticate users. The identity provider task is to determine the identity of the user and pass the identity information to the relying applications which trust this identity provider.In spite of their widespread use and ubiquity, passwords are unreliable as an authentication methodology because they can be hacked or even guessed, yet when it comes to biometrics it is very hard to impersonate someone. Therefore, biometric authentication schemes are currently widely recognized as the strongest authentication technologies available on the market. Identity providers and claims-based identity are emerging technologies that aims to decouple the authentication logic from the application’s business logic. This can be done by assigning the authentication task to the identity provider and establishing a trust relationship between the application and the identity provider so that the application relies on the identity provider to authenticate the application users. The project aims to develop an identity provider that uses fingerprint and facial biometrics to authenticate users. The identity provider task is to determine the identity of the user and pass the identity information to the relying applications which trust this identity provider. For security purposes, the biometrics data of users is stored on a local server within the sponsoring company’s intranet. This local server is located behind firewalls and it’s address can only be resolved internally within the intranet due to use of NAT. Therefore, the server doesn’t have a global IP address. Windows Azure cloud platform has a powerful component called “Windows Azure Service Bus” which was used to solve this tough connectivity problem. The project also aims to develop a simple employees management application that can be used as an example of a relying application that relies on the developed identity provider to authenticate the users. Project management principles and software development lifecycle techniques were applied during the project implementation. This approach has significantly streamlined the project implementation process and the project objectives have been met
Estimation of the population sex ratio in butterflies infected with bacterial male-killers: a case study
No full text4 pages (7-10) SJS 6(1) 2014Female-biased population sex ratios in butterflies arise as a consequence of infection by maternally-transmitted endosymbionts that manipulate host sex ratio in order to maximize their transmission down the generations. A critical step toward understanding the host/male-killer relationship as well as the evolutionary consequences of male-killing is to provide accurate estimations for the population sex ratios in the host species. There are two ways to perform this: first, through counting the numbers of males and females in wild collections, and second, through the molecular screening of collected females for bacterial infection, using the PCR. In this paper, we compare the estimations of the two methods in the case of the queen butterfly Danaus chrysippus at Uganda and Sudan. We concluded that molecular screening is the most accurate approach to assess the population sex ratio. Moreover, a theoretical argument has been presented at the end of this article to explain why the bacterial prevalence approach avoids the inherent collection bias that is suffered by the sex ratio method
مصادر اللحوم غير التقليدية
No full textقال الله تعالي (وإن تعدوا نعمة الله لاتحصوها ان الانسان لظلوم كفار )سورة إبراهيم الأية 34 . هذه الكائنات الحية البعض يقول أن تناولها كغذاء ضربا من ضروب الجنون وذلك لأن بعضها غير مألوف أو لأنها ثقافة غذائية غريبة ويري البعض أنها لذيذة وذات طراوه وطعم مميز إضافة الي أنها سريعة الهضم وقد تكون بالكاد خالية من الدهون والعناصر الغذائية المهددة لحياة البشر . أغلبها خالي من الكولسترول ومرتفع في نسب المكونات الأخرى لذلك فهي مفيدة للجسم . تعتبر مصدر للدخل الإقتصادي للبلا