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The Implications of Using English as a Medium of Instruction on English Language Learning (A Case study of Khartoum University, Sudan)
No full textThis paper had been presented for promotion at the University of Khartoum. To get the full text please contact the other at [email protected] paper is designed to test whether using English as a medium of
instruction is an effective means of enhancing learners’ language
proficiency at the University of Khartoum. The subjects of the study
were two groups of graduates from University of Khartoum who had
completed four‐year degree courses in Faculty of Law, Faculty of
Economics, and School of Management Studies. Learners of group one
studied all their subject courses, in total approximately 12 hours per
week, in English. Learners in group two studied all their subject courses
in Arabic, and in addition they studied English for two hours a week as
a university requirement in their first and second years. Learners were
asked to evaluate their proficiency in English, and results for the two
2
groups were compared. The study revealed that group one, for whom
English was the medium of instruction, attained overall a significantly
higher level of proficiency in English than group two, for whom Arabic
was the medium of instruction. In what follows we discuss the
advantages of EMI over AMI, in the context of our survey results, for
the four skills of speaking, listening, reading and writing
Competitiveness of Mango Fruit Exports
No full textThis paper had been presented for promotion at the University of Khartoum. To get the full text please contact the other at Saneia Mohammed Mohammed Ahmed and Mohamed Ahmed Al-feelThis study was intended to determine the problems facing Sudanese
mango fruit exports. It concentrated on mango exports competitiveness in
international markets and on the main economic factors affecting this
competitiveness. Primary data were collected by interviewing mango
producers and exporters in Abu Halima village (East Nile Locality,
Khartoum State) and the Khartoum central market, during 2005-2012
seasons. Secondary data were obtained from different relevant sources.
The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics and policy analysis
matrix. This provided access to estimate the private and economic
profitability of mango exports in the Sudan and to determine the effects of
taxation policies. The results revealed that mango is highly competitive in
foreign markets, and the government policies highly taxed mango crop
throughout the study period (2005-2012). The Domestic Resource Cost
(DRC), Coefficient of International Competitiveness (CIC) and
International Value Added indicators were used to determine the
competitiveness of mango exports and found to be about 0.02, 0.04 and
8237 US$, respectively, in season 2012. For improvement of mango
exports, the study recommended the removal of export constraints, e.g.
reducing the government taxes and fees on mango export so as to increase
its competitiveness and reduce cost of air transport and study the
possibility of using sea ports
تأثیر مشروع منظمة الساحل البریطانیة في تنمیة الرحل بولایة جنوب كردفان
No full textThis paper had been presented for promotion at the University of Khartoum. To get the full text please contact the other at الوسیلة مختار محمد ومحمد إبراھیم محمد صالحمنظمة الساحل البریطانیة ھي إحدى منظمات التنمیة الریفیة التي تشارك
في تنمیة الرحل في السودان. تعتمد المنظمة على منھج المشاركة لتمكین
المجموعات المستھدفة من المشاركة فى تنمیة مجتمعاتھم . ھدفت ھذه
الدراسة للتعرف على تاثیر مشروع منظمة الساحل البریطانیة فى تنمیة
الرحل بولایة جنوب كردفان . لتحقیق أھداف الدراسة جمعت بیانات أولیة
وثانویة ، البیانات الأولیة عن طریق المسح المیداني الذي شمل 60 أسرة
عن طریق العینة الصدفیة الحصیة (تمت معاینتھم وجھا لوجھ) لملء
الإستبانة المعدة لجمع البیانات بالإضافة للاجتماعات. كما جمعت بیانات
ثانویة من المراجع ووثائق المشروع والمصادر الأخرى ذات الصلة .
حللت البیانات عن طریق الإحصاء الوصفي (النسبة المئویة والتكرارات)
المحوسب . توصلت الدراسة إلى عدة نتائج SPSS بالاستعانة ببرنامج
أھمھا: 58.4 % من المبحوثین أمیین ، و 100 % إشتركوا في تحدید
احتیاجاتھم أثناء برنامج المنظمة ، و 100 % تلقوا تدریباً من المنظمة ، و
%93 أكدوا على توفیر المنظمة مصادراً للمیاه ، و 33 % إقترحوا الاھتمام
بالخدمات الصحیة. أوضحت نتائج الدراسة أن منظمة الساحل البریطانیة
قد نجحت في تحریك مجتمع الرحل وحققت قدراً معتبراً من التحول
الاقتصادي والاجتماعي بمنطقة الدراسة . كان تأثیر ذلك ملحوظاً فى
الخدمات التي قدمتھا المنظمة بمنطقة الدراسة كخدمات المیاه وإعادة
تخطیط مسارات الرحل وبعض الأنشطة الثقافیة ، ورغم ذلك ھنالك تدني
في التعلیم وخدمات الصحة . لتحقیق أداء أفضل للمنظمة مستقبلاً ،
أوصت الدراسة بزیادة تأھیل وتفعیل لجان الخدمات لتشمل كل مكونات
المشروع الاجتماعیة ، التعلیمیة ، الصحیة...الخ
Review Of Industry Standard DCS Control System (Distributed _control_ system)
No full textobjective in this project is to Linking and Monitoring Clients Data Via LAN network, second Setting Privileges Restrictions for Clients and the Third is Sending Remote Commands to Client 2.This project represents a view of DCS (Distributed Control System) in general are rules for data exchange between client and server, therefore we explained these rules for the Distributed Control System in Chapter 2. Our first objective in this project is to Linking and Monitoring Clients Data Via LAN network, second Setting Privileges Restrictions for Clients and the Third is Sending Remote Commands to Client 2. Finally we succeeded to obtain perfect results for our three objectives
FIREFLY SYNCHRONIZATION IN WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORK
No full textIn this project , the biologically-inspired Firefly algorithm is used for synchronicity to achieve coordinated sleeping. Hence our approach is based on distributed synchronous clocking and is a type of internal synchronization. In contrast to centralized clock synchronization schemes, the distributed synchronization approach has the inherent advantage for complete scalability and graceful degradation. This approach is appropriate for ad-hoc sensor networks where the topology is not known or might change.Fireflies exhibit a fascinating phenomenon of spontaneous synchronization that occurs in nature. At dawn, they gather on trees and synchronize progressively without relying on a central entity. A recently presented algorithm called Reachback Firefly Algorithm was inspired from the phenomenon and based on a mathematical model that describes how fireflies spontaneously synchronize. This algorithm was produced as a new approach to achieve synchronicity in multi-hop ad-hoc wireless sensor networks and compared to other existing time synchronization protocols. This approach is simulated with a MATLAB-based modified probabilistic wireless sensor network simulator for different network topologies and parameters choices
Broad Band over Power Lines
No full textThis project is based on the technology of data exchange through electrical power lines. The main point of this project is the design of the device which performs the broad band over power lines which called power line modem (PLM) and use it in video streaming , and discuss the broadband PLC access systems and their network components. So there is no new cabling or infrastructure, instead leveraging the long established power grid provided by electrical companies. and In-Home BPL modems utilize the existing house wiring to provision a Local Area Network (LAN) that can be used throughout the home.This project is based on the technology of data exchange through electrical power lines. The main point of this project is the design of the device which performs the broad band over power lines which called power line modem (PLM) and use it in video streaming , and discuss the broadband PLC access systems and their network components. So there is no new cabling or infrastructure, instead leveraging the long established power grid provided by electrical companies. and In-Home BPL modems utilize the existing house wiring to provision a Local Area Network (LAN) that can be used throughout the home. By applying this project the cost and expenditure in the realization of new telecommunications networks is reduced . and providing Internet Services by means of the Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) protocols, which can support voice, data, and video services. The testing of broadband over power lines was done by video streaming over power line network, using VLC program and the Wireshark Network analyzer program was used for analysis of network. and the results seem to be sufficient, and there was a delay problem
Software Requirements Management System
No full textThis project is concerned with developing a software system that manages the requirements in a well-defined manner. It fulfills the needs of small scale software firms and individual software engineers as well.Software requirements management systems are one of the most growing software products due to the high risks associated with poor requirements. This project is concerned with developing a software system that manages the requirements in a well-defined manner. It fulfills the needs of small scale software firms and individual software engineers as well. This thesis shows the processes of SRMS development including gathering the requirements, designing, implementing, and testing of the SRMS
HYBRID WIND-SOLAR ELECTRIC POWER SYSTEM
No full textThis thesis based on modeling the PV/Wind hybrid system using ETAP program software in order to study the impact of this hybrid system on the transient stability and power flow in an existing grid.As renewable energy becomes more prevalent, more information on how different technologies will behave needs to be available. This thesis is based upon the combined use of solar and wind energy, in the hope to discover and determine to what extent the energy produced is capable of satisfying the energy demands. Combination of PV and wind renewable sources is made the advantage of using this system in regions which have higher wind speeds in the seasons that suffers from less sunny days and vice versa. This thesis based on modeling the PV/Wind hybrid system using ETAP program software in order to study the impact of this hybrid system on the transient stability and power flow in an existing grid. As one part of modeling the PV/Wind hybrid system, the system was controlled using ATmega16 microcontroller that sends signals to the different sources via a mechanical relay in order to control the combination of sources that needed to feed the load. Transient stability and load flow results were directly compared for different configurations of hybrid system. These simulation results ensured the effectiveness of the proposed PV/Wind hybrid system control strategy in following up the variations in load
Simulation of two way telephone calls over the IP network using SIP protocol
No full textThe primary goal of this research is to simulate and analyse VoIP system that uses SIP as signalling protocol to create, manage and terminate the voice calls. We focused on the use main SIP messages to initiate and terminate the calls also the voice packets loss in the network was analysed.Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) defines a way to carry voice calls over an Internet Protocol (IP) network including the digitisation and packetization of the voice streams. Signalling protocols are needed to establish and control sessions or calls in the VOIP system, and one of the main signalling protocols in the IP network is session initiation protocol (SIP). SIP (Session Initiation Protocol) developed by IETF for VoIP signalling is a Communication control protocol capable of running on different transport layers, e.g., TCP, UDP or SCTP.it is used to establish, modify and terminate sessions of the Internet telephony calls. The primary goal of this research is to simulate and analyse VoIP system that uses SIP as signalling protocol to create, manage and terminate the voice calls. We focused on the use main SIP messages to initiate and terminate the calls also the voice packets loss in the network was analysed. In order to simulate and analyse the SIP network, the network simulator2 program with the network animator was used and two simulation scenarios applied to it to explain how sessions are created and terminated. Also XGRAPH program was used to analyse packet loss with time in the network
Unbalanced three phase load flow programming using Matlab
No full textThe goal of this project is a derivation of a mathematical model of
unbalanced (three-phase) load-flow of electric systems.Electric utility industry is undergoing dramatic changes due to
privatization, deregulation and competition in electricity markets in many
leading countries. As a consequence, increasing wheeling transactions lead
to a growing demand of transfer capabilities. In this new environment, a
demand for flexible power flow control is becoming a technical need
because the increase in the level of risk and uncertainty associated with
transmission operation and investment.
The goal of this project is a derivation of a mathematical model of
unbalance (three-phase) load-flow of electric systems. The proposed model
is suitable for active and reactive power flow control in transmission
networks operating under either balanced or unbalanced conditions. An
existing Decoupled NR (Newton-Raphson) based three-phase power flow
program has been upgraded to include the proposed model. The power flow
equations pertaining to power network are solved in a unified single-frame
of reference leading a very good iterative solution. In this unified solution,
nodal voltage state variables (voltage magnitudes and angles) are computed
simultaneously through the iterative process. Hence, the algorithm exhibits
quadratic convergence characteristic regardless of the network size.
Validation of the proposed model is carried out in a benchmark network
operating under balanced conditions. Matlab is used as a powerful tool to
write the code which its algorithm is presented later.Electric utility industry is undergoing dramatic changes due to
privatization, deregulation and competition in electricity markets in many
leading countries. As a consequence, increasing wheeling transactions lead
to a growing demand of transfer capabilities. In this new environment, a
demand for flexible power flow control is becoming a technical need
because the increase in the level of risk and uncertainty associated with
transmission operation and investment.
The goal of this project is a derivation of a mathematical model of
unbalance (three-phase) load-flow of electric systems. The proposed model
is suitable for active and reactive power flow control in transmission
networks operating under either balanced or unbalanced conditions. An
existing Decoupled NR (Newton-Raphson) based three-phase power flow
program has been upgraded to include the proposed model. The power flow
equations pertaining to power network are solved in a unified single-frame
of reference leading a very good iterative solution. In this unified solution,
nodal voltage state variables (voltage magnitudes and angles) are computed
simultaneously through the iterative process. Hence, the algorithm exhibits
quadratic convergence characteristic regardless of the network size.
Validation of the proposed model is carried out in a benchmark network
operating under balanced conditions. Matlab is used as a powerful tool to
write the code which its algorithm is presented later