3036 research outputs found
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AutoFusion of feature pruning for decision making in operations research
No full textRecently, the fusion of algorithms in machine learning studies has taken a lot of attention, emphasizing the power of communal decision-making over-relying on a single decision-maker. One of the crucial questions in the aggregation of algorithms is which and how many models should be combined to achieve both the best accuracy and low complexity. It is already known in machine learning that as the complexity of the model increases too much, prediction accuracy decreases. There is a trade-off between these two features. In order to answer such questions, the diversity notion gets involved in overall consensus models. It is also shown that diversity alone does not determine the best ensemble (fusion), so accuracy and diversity together have been taken into account recently in such problems. We took into account those two notions simultaneously so that the number of algorithms and which algorithms should be in the ensemble is answered while solving the feature selection problems. The proposed method in this work is unique in that it includes an optimization model in the pruning phase, which finds the cardinality of the ensemble optimally. Using this optimization model, the size of the ensemble is found directly from the optimization model, instead of considered as a hyper-parameter. Our study shows a significant improvement in accuracy that achieves 0.702 on average among 8 datasets when compared to an unpruned case of 0.625. These results highlight the efficiency of our method both in model accuracy and in obtaining an optimal model complexity. We have validated our algorithm on different domains of data sets which shows better prediction accuracy values than existing ensemble-based feature selection methods. © 2024, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature
A case study
No full textOn 6 February 2023, two large earthquakes of Mw 7.7 and 7.6 occurred in the Pazarcik and Elbistan districts of Kahramanmaras province in Turkey, causing extensive structural damage, collapsed buildings and casualties. This study examines a damaged building and presents the relevant repair and strengthening procedures. The importance of design flaws in the structural system, particularly when subjected to horizontal and vertical ground motions, on the performance of the structure is highlighted in this case study. The effects of the interrupted frames and components with unsuitable cross-sectional properties for load transfer within the structure were comprehensively assessed using 3D modelling and on-site investigations. Following repair and strengthening works to improve load transfer, the analysis carried out on the model showed a reduction in LS of approximately 33 % for beams and 45 % for columns. © 2023 Elsevier Lt
The mediating role of self-esteem, and emotion dysregulation
No full textEmotional eating is a very multi-dimensional behavior that involves consuming food in response to emotional triggers such as stress, sadness or happiness. It is also known that this behavior can arise from stressful events in childhood. Childhood trauma can cause various psychopathologies by affecting the emotional processes of individuals throughout their lives. Traumatic life events, low self-esteem and coping with negative emotions may play a role in the development and maintenance of emotional eating behaviour, which may manifest as an emotional response. Although there are studies in the literature that consider these variables separately, there is no study that evaluates these variables as a whole. The aim of the current study is to examine the role of self-esteem and emotion dysregulation in the relationship between childhood trauma and emotional eating behaviour. The sample of the study consisted of 400 participants (260 females, 140 males) in the age group of 24-50 years (M = 42.00, SD = 6.91) residing in different provinces of Turkey. Sociodemographic information form, Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), Difficulty in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS), Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES) were administered to the participants. In the current study, the mediating role of self-esteem and emotion dysregulation in the relationship between childhood traumas and emotional eating behavior was tested with 2 different models in SPSS 29 software with PROCESS plug-in. The results of the study revealed that childhood traumas predicted emotional eating behavior and emotion dysregulation. In addition, childhood traumas and emotional eating behavior were found to negatively predict self-esteem. In this context, it was seen that emotional eating behavior revealed emotion dysregulation. When the mediation analysis results were analyzed, it was seen that similar results emerged. The results of the current study showed that emotion dysregulation and self-esteem mediated the relationship between childhood trauma and emotional eating behaviour. Childhood traumas negatively predicted self-esteem, while low self-esteem led to emotional eating behavior. Similarly, it was found that individuals who experienced childhood traumas had emotion dysregulation and emotional eating behavior. The results of the present study highlight the importance for clinicians to assess childhood experiences, emotion regulation processes and self-esteem levels, to consider these variables together, and to provide cognitive and behavioural interventions when emotional eating is identified
Implications for gastric disease treatment
No full textObjective Helicobacter pylori (Hp) eradication therapy is crucial for preventing the development of gastritis, peptic ulcers, and gastric cancer. An increase in resistance against antibiotics used in the eradication of Hp is remarkable. This meta-analysis aims to examine the resistance rates of Hp strains isolated in Turkey over the last 20 years against clarithromycin (CLR), metronidazole (MTZ), levofloxacin (LVX), tetracycline (TET), and amoxicillin (AMX) antibiotics. Basic methods Literature search was carried out in electronic databases, by searching articles published in Turkish and English with the keywords 'helicobacter pylori' or 'Hp' and 'antibiotic resistance' and 'Turkey'. That meta-analysis was carried out using random-effect model. First, the 20-year period data between 2002 and 2021 in Turkey were planned to be analyzed. As a second stage, the period between 2002 and 2011 was classified as Group 1, and the period between 2012 and 2021 as Group 2 for analysis, with the objective of revealing the 10-year temporal variation in antibiotic resistance rates. Main results In gastric biopsy specimens, 34 data from 29 studies were included in the analysis. Between 2002-2021, CLR resistance rate was 30.9% (95% CI: 25.9-36.2) in 2615 Hp strains. Specifically, in Group 1, the CLR resistance rate was 31% in 1912 strains, and in Group 2, it was 30.7% in 703 strains. The MTZ resistance rate was found to be 31.9% (95% CI: 19.8-45.4) in 789 strains, with rates of 21.5% in Group 1 and 46.6% in Group 2. The overall LVX resistance rate was 25.6%, with rates of 26.9% in Group 1 and 24.8% in Group 2. The 20-year TET resistance rate was 0.8%, with 1.50% in Group 1 and 0.2% in Group 2. The overall AMX resistance rate was 2.9%, 3.8% between 2002-2011, and 1.4% between 2012-2021. Principal conclusion Hp strains in Turkey exhibit high resistance rates due to frequent use of CLR, MTZ, and LVX antibiotics. However, a significant decrease has been observed in TET and AMX resistance to Hp in the last 10 years. Considering the CLR resistance rate surpasses 20%, we suggest reconsidering the use of conventional triple drug therapy as a first-line treatment. Instead, we recommend bismuth-containing quadruple therapy or sequential therapies (without bismuth) for first-line treatment, given the lower rates of TET and AMX resistance. Regimens containing a combination of AMX, CLR, and MTZ should be given priority in second-line therapy. Finally, in centers offering culture and antibiogram opportunities, regulating the Hp eradication treatment based on the antibiogram results is obviously more appropriate
An experimental research on emotions, forgiveness, repatronage intention and WoM
No full textPurpose: Service failures usually occur in front of third-party customers. Third-party customers react emotionally and behaviorally to service failure and recovery efforts aimed at focal customers. However, there is a gap in the literature on how third-party customers react to a service failures incident and a recovery over another customer, depending on how socially close or distant they are from. This study investigates the effect of third-party customers' emotions on consumer forgiveness, negative word-of-mouth (WoM) and repatronage intentions in the service recovery process by comparing close and distant third-party customers. Design/methodology/approach: This study utilizes a 2 (social distance to the focal customer: close, distant) × 2 (service recovery: yes, no) between-subjects design. The authors used a scenario-based experiment to test the proposed hypotheses. A total of 576 respondents were involved in the study. Findings: The results from the authors' scenario-based experimental study show that positive and negative emotions felt by distant third-party customers are higher than those of close third-party customers. In addition, the effect of positive emotions on customer forgiveness is more substantial for distant third-party customers. Third, moderated-mediation analysis indicates that social distance has a moderator effect only on the relationship between positive emotions and customer forgiveness. Originality/value: This study contributes to the service literature by comparing socially close and socially distant third-party customers' reactions to service failure and recovery attempts. © 2024, Emerald Publishing Limited
Determination of the relationship between body composition and nutritional habits and chronotype in healthy Turkish adults
No full textThis cross-sectional study aims to determine the relationship between chronotype characteristics, dietary habits, and body composition in 110 adults, of which 75.5% are female, residing in Mersin, Turkiye. Data collection included a descriptive information form, the Morningness-Eveningness Scale for assessing chronotype, a detailed 24-hour dietary record for evaluating dietary intake, and Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis for accurate anthropometric measurements of body composition. The evening types had higher BMI, body weight, waist circumference, hip circumference, total fat mass, and lower body water ratio than the morning types. Positive correlations were found between sleep duration and body mass index, total fat mass, and fat percentage. The evening types tended to skip breakfast more frequently and had higher energy intake during dinners and snacks. Additionally, the evening types consumed more lipids, carbohydrates, sodium, and saturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids. These findings suggest that chronotype influences anthropometric measurements, nutritional habits, and meal energy distribution. These findings highlight the importance of considering chronotype characteristics to understand how body composition and dietary patterns interact, underscoring the need for customized interventions to promote healthier lifestyles
Aberrant miR-3135b and miR-1273g-3p expression in the peripheral blood samples of BRCA1/2 (±) ovarian cancer patients
No full textOvarian cancer (OC) ranks as the eighth most prevalent malignancy among women globally. The short non-coding RNA molecules, microRNAs (miRNAs) target multiple mRNAs and regulate the gene expression. Here in this study, we aimed to validate miR-3135b and miR-1273g-3p as novel biomarkers for prognostic and diagnostic factor OC. After RNA isolation, we analyzed the miR-3135b and miR-1273g-3p expression in peripheral blood samples derived from 150 OC patients. Subsequently, we compared their expression levels with 100 healthy controls. The differences of miR-3135b and miR-1273g-3p expression were detected using the Quantitative Real Time-PCR (qRT-PCR) technique following miRNA-specific cDNA synthesis pursing miRNA separation. The miR-3135b and miR-1273g-3p were higher in OC patients who tested positive for BRCA1/2 compared to BRCA-negative patients, and healthy cases. The level of miR-3135b demonstrated a roughly 4.82-fold increase in OC patients in comparison to the healthy cases, while miR-1273g-3p expression exhibited a roughly 6.77-fold increase. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis has demonstrated the potential of miR-3135b and miR-1273g-3p as markers for distinguishing between OC patients and healthy controls. The higher expressions of miR-3135b and miR-1273g-3p could be associated with OC development. Moreover, miR-3135b may have a diagnostic potential and miR-1273g-3p may have both diagnostic and prognostic potential in OC cell differentiation. The string analysis has revealed an association between miR-1273g-3p and the MDM2 gene, suggesting a potential link to tumor formation through the proteasomal degradation of the TP53 tumor suppressor gene. Additionally, the analysis indicates an association of miR-1273g-3p with CHEK1, a gene involved in checkpoint-mediated cell cycle arrest. String analysis also indicates that miR-3135b is associated with the MAPK1 gene, causing activation of the oncogenesis cascade. In conclusion, miR-1273g-3p, and miR-3135b exhibit significant potential as diagnostic markers. However, further research is needed to comprehensively investigate these miRNAs diagnostic and predictive characteristics in a larger cohort. © 2023 The Author
High Expression of miR-218-5p in the Peripheral Blood Stream and Tumor Tissues of Pediatric Patients with Sarcomas
No full textSarcomas are malignant tumors that may metastasize and the course of the disease is highly aggressive in children and young adults. Because of the rare incidence of sarcomas and the heterogeneity of tumors, there is a need for non-invasive diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in sarcomas. The aim of the study was to investigate the level of miR-218-5p in peripheral blood and tumor tissue samples of Ewing's sarcoma, osteosarcoma, spindle cell sarcoma patients, and healthy controls, and assessed whether the corresponding molecule was a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker. The study was performed patients (n = 22) diagnosed and treated with Ewing's sarcoma and osteosarcoma and in a control group of 22 healthy children who were matched for age, gender, and ethnicity with the patient group. The expression level of miR-218-5p in RNA samples from peripheral blood and tissue samples were analyzed using the RT-PCR and the expression level of miR-218-5p was evaluated by comparison with the levels in patients and healthy controls. The expression level of miR-218-5p was found to be statistically higher (3.33-fold, p = 0.006) in pediatric patients with sarcomas and when the target genes of miR-218-5p were investigated using the bioinformatics tools, the miR-218-5p was found as an important miRNA in cancer. In this study, the miR-218-5p was shown for the first time to have been highly expressed in the peripheral blood and tumor tissue of sarcoma patients. The results suggest that miR-218-5p can be used as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in sarcomas and will be evaluated as an important therapeutic target
Seasonal Change in Techno-Economic Properties of Waterfront Structural Pinewood
No full textHistorical buildings are constructed using a variety of materials, including stone, wood, and combinations thereof. These structures serve as tangible links to the past and are of great importance to cultural heritage, thus necessitating their protection. Throughout history, these buildings and materials have been exposed to various environmental conditions, including climate, wind, humidity, and seismic activity. This study focused on the Florya Atat & uuml;rk Marine Mansion, Istanbul, a coastal structure situated at the shoreline and subject to the effects of wind, moisture, and sea salt. The mansion is primarily constructed from pinewood, and due to the complexity of the material salt can cause deterioration that poses a threat to the building's cultural and historical value. With a focus on seasonal variations, this study explored the relationship between the mechanical properties and monetary values of the pinewood materials used in the waterfront mansion. To achieve this, samples were naturally aged in a saline environment by the sea and subjected to tensile and bending tests at the end of each season. The resulting mechanical properties were compared to computer simulations using finite element methods. By subtracting the specific depreciation rate of the material at the end of each season, a relationship between mechanical properties and monetary value was calculated and presented in graphical form. It was found that the material's mechanical properties varied throughout the year, affecting its monetary value in different ways. Therefore, optimal maintenance should be provided before January to preserve the economic value of the material, considering temperature change, exposure to direct sunlight, and humidity, which have direct effects on the front and back parts of the building
Angiotensin II Type I Receptor-168A/G Polymorphism Is Associated with Increased the Risk of Glioma in Turkish Population
No full textAbstract: Gliomas are the most common primary tumors of the Central Nervous System. Despite advances in the elucidation of molecular pathogenesis, gliomas still remain incurable. In the study, it was aimed to investigate the possible connection between ACE and AGTR1 polymorphisms with glioma pathogenesis and also the relationship of some angiogenic markers with gliomagenesis. In this respect, 96 glioma patients and 104 healthy controls were included in the study. To determine the effect of genetic polymorphisms on the predisposition of diffuse infiltrative glial tumors in the Turkish population, angiotensin-converting enzyme gene (ACE) insertion/deletion, angiotensin II receptor type 1 gene (AGTR1) ‒168A/G, ‒535C/T, ‒825T/A, and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor gene (VEGF) +936C/T, ‒2578C/A polymorphisms were investigated by PCR-RFLP. Allele/genotype frequencies between patients and controls were determined. Besides, relative gene expressions of ACE, AGTR1, and VEGF were detected by real time-PCR, while ACE, VEGF, ET-1, eNOS, and NO levels were measured in both serum and tissue by ELISA. In AGTR1 ‒168A/G polymorphism, the risk of glioma in the AA genotype decreased, while increased by 2.27 times in the G allele. Allele frequency and genotype distributions of other polymorphisms were found similar between two groups. Serum levels of ACE, VEGF, eNOS, NO, and tissue levels of ACE, ET-1, eNOS, NO were also different between the patients and controls. ACE, AGTR1, and VEGF expressions in patient group were found significantly higher than in control one. These results provide the first evidence linking ‒168A/G polymorphism in AGTR1 gene with glioma risk in the Turkish population. © 2024, Pleiades Publishing, Ltd