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European pollen reanalysis, 1980–2022, for alder, birch, and olive
No full textThe dataset presents a 43 year-long reanalysis of pollen seasons for three major allergenic
genera of trees in Europe: alder (Alnus), birch (Betula), and olive (Olea). Driven by the
meteorological reanalysis ERA5, the atmospheric composition model SILAM predicted the
flowering period and calculated the Europe-wide dispersion pattern of pollen for the years
1980–2022. The model applied an extended 4-dimensional variational data assimilation of
in-situ observations of aerobiological networks in 34 European countries to reproduce the
inter-annual variability and trends of pollen production and distribution. The control variable
of the assimilation procedure was the total pollen release during each flowering season,
implemented as an annual correction factor to the mean pollen production. The dataset was
designed as an input to studies on climate-induced and anthropogenically driven changes in
the European vegetation, biodiversity monitoring, bioaerosol modelling and assessment, as
well as, in combination with intra-seasonal observations, for health-related applications.Academy of Finland | Ref. 318194Academy of Finland | Ref. 355851Academy of Finland | Ref. 329215EC Copernicus Atmospheric Monitoring Service, CAMS, sub-project CAMS2_40Ministry of Education and Science, Republic of Latvia | Ref. MK252European Commissio
Optimization strategies for CPU and GPU implementations of a smoothed particle hydrodynamics method
Full text linkMuch of the current focus in high performance computing (HPC) for computational fluid dynamics (CFD) deals with grid based methods. However, parallel implementations for new meshfree particle methods such as Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) are less studied. In this work, we present optimizations for both central processing units (CPU) and graphics processing units (GPU) focused on a Lagrangian Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) method. In particular, the obtained performance and a comparison between the most efficient implementations for CPU and GPU are shown using the DualSPHysics code.Xunta de GaliciaMinisterio de Economía y Competitividad | Ref. BIA2012-38676-C03-03European Regional Development Fund (FEDER
The accuracy and reliability of three instruments used to assign school furniture
No full textBACKGROUND: Students spend a high number of hours being seated while at school. In order to find the correct adjustment between school furniture and the anthropometric characteristics, specific knowledge and tools are necessary. OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study is to evaluate the accuracy and reliability of the measurers with different instruments, as well as contrast the differences between the values that were obtained by the different examiners. METHODS: Measurements were taken independently by one expert examiner and two inexperienced teachers from the school. They used a measuring tape, a segmometer and an anthropometer for the anthropometric measurements. The statistical tests conducted: Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, Intraclass Correlation Coefficient, Bland and Altman method, Standard Error of Measurement, Technical Error of Measurement and relative TEM with a level of significance of ρ ≤ 0.05. RESULTS: A total of 108 students (8.87±1.67 years; 40.7% girls) participated in the study. The non-expert measurers had good accuracy and reliability, but they far exceeded the error percentages of the expert, obtaining the worst results in the shoulder measurement. The instrument with the lowest affinity between the inexperienced measurers was the anthropometer. CONCLUSIONS: In order to assign furniture in the schools, the experts should continue using the anthropometer. The inexperienced measurers can use more accessible instruments in the school environment such as a measuring tape and segmometer
La sucesión intestada en Galicia, (artículos 267 a 269 LDCG) tributación en función de legislación propia
No full textPràctiques fisicoesportives extraescolars no organitzades: gènere, etapa i índex d’activitat física
No full textLos estudios sobre la tipología de las prácticas físico-deportivas no organizadas fuera del ámbito escolar son escasos. Por ello, este trabajo consistió en describir estas actividades y analizar su relación con otras variables: género, etapa educativa e índice de actividad física. La investigación fue de carácter cuantitativo, transversal y descriptivo. Participaron 1040 estudiantes, 521 niños y 519 niñas (M: 12,30; DE: 3,08) pertenecientes a 26 centros educativos de Galicia, de edades comprendidas entre 10 y 17 años. Se administró el Cuestionario internacional sobre educación física, salud y estilo de vida. Los resultados mostraron que las actividades más practicadas son fútbol, pasear, ciclismo, baloncesto y correr. Se hallaron diferencias significativas en algunas de las actividades estudiadas respecto al género y la etapa escolar. El índice de actividad física fue mayor en niños y en estudiantes de primaria. Se observaron niveles de actividad física muy bajos. Asimismo, se encontraron diferencias entre personas activas y poco activas en algunas disciplinas deportivas practicadas. La información obtenida contribuye a la identificación de las características de la práctica de tiempo libre en la sociedad gallega. Mediante este tipo de evidencias se puede responder mejor a las necesidades de participación en la infancia y juventud,
facilitando futuras actuaciones en el contexto comunitario y de gestión deportiva.There are very few studies on the types of non-organised physical and sport practice outside the school setting. Therefore, this paper consisted of describing these activities and analysing their relationship with other variables: gender, educational stage and physical activity index. The research design was quantitative, cross-sectional and descriptive. It involved 1,040 students, 521 boys and 519 girls (M = 12.30; SD = 3.08) enrolled in 26 Galician schools and aged between 10 and 17. The International Questionnaire on Physical Education, Health and Lifestyle was administered. The results showed that the most popular activities were soccer, walking, cycling, basketball and running. Significant differences were found in some of the activities studied in terms of gender and school stage. The physical activity index was higher in boys and in primary students. Very low levels of physical activity were observed. Differences were also found between active and less active people in some of the sports. The information obtained helps to identify the features of how free time is spent in Galician society. This type of evidence makes it possible to address participation needs in childhood and adolescence better by enabling future actions in the community and sports management settings.Els estudis sobre la tipologia de les pràctiques fisicoesportives no organitzades fora de l’àmbit escolar són escassos. Per això, aquest treball va consistir a descriure aquestes activitats i analitzar la seva relació amb altres variables: gènere, etapa educativa i índex d’activitat física. La recerca va ser de caràcter quantitatiu, transversal i descriptiu. Van participar-hi 1040 estudiants, 521 nens i 519 nenes (M:
12,30; DE: 3,08) pertanyents a 26 centres educatius de Galícia, d’edats compreses entre 10 i 17 anys. Es va administrar el Qüestionari internacional sobre educació física, salut i estil de vida. Els resultats van mostrar que les activitats més practicades són futbol, passejar, ciclisme, bàsquet i córrer. Es van trobar diferències significatives en algunes de les activitats estudiades respecte al gènere i l’etapa escolar. L’índex d’activitat física va ser més gran en nens i en estudiants de primària. Es van observar
nivells d’activitat física molt baixos. Així mateix, es van trobar diferències entre persones actives i poc actives en algunes disciplines esportives practicades. La informacióobtinguda contribueix a la identificació de les característiques de la pràctica de temps lliure en la societat gallega. Mitjançant aquest tipus d’evidències es pot respondre millor a les necessitats de participació en la infantesa i joventut, facilitant futures actuacions en el context comunitari i de gestió esportiva
An asymmetric fission island driven by shell effects in light fragments
No full textNuclear fission leads to the splitting of a nucleus into two fragments1,2. Studying the distribution of the masses and charges of the fragments is essential for establishing the fission mechanisms and refining the theoretical models3,4. It has value for our understanding of r-process nucleosynthesis5,6, in which the fission of nuclei with extreme neutron-to-proton ratios is pivotal for determining astrophysical abundances and understanding the origin of the elements7 and for energy applications8,9. Although the asymmetric distribution of fragments is well understood for actinides (elements in the periodic table with atomic numbers from 89 to 103) based on shell effects10, symmetric fission governs the scission process for lighter elements. However, unexpected asymmetric splits have been observed in neutron-deficient exotic nuclei11, prompting extensive further investigations. Here we present measurements of the charge distributions of fission fragments for 100 exotic fissioning systems,
75 of which have never been measured, and establish a connection between the neutron-deficient sub-lead region and the well-understood actinide region. These new data comprehensively map the asymmetric fission island and provide clear evidence for the role played by the deformed Z = 36 proton shell of the light fragment in the fission of sub-lead nuclei. Our dataset will help constrain the fission models used to estimate the fission properties of nuclei with extreme neutron-to-proton ratios for which experimental data are unavailable.Agencia Estatal de Investigación | Ref. PID2021-125771NB-C22Agencia Estatal de Investigación | Ref. PGC2018-099746-B-C22Agencia Estatal de Investigación | Ref. PGC2018-099746-B-C21Agencia Estatal de Investigación | Ref. PID2021-125771NB-C21Agencia Estatal de Investigación | Ref. PID2022-140162-I00Agencia Estatal de Investigación | Ref. PRE2018-085934Agencia Estatal de Investigación | Ref. PRE2019-087415Agencia Estatal de Investigación | Ref. RYC2021-031989Xunta de Galicia | Ref. ED481D-2021/018Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia I Ref. EXPL/FIS-NUC/0364/2021UK Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC) | Ref. ST/L005727/1UK Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC) | Ref. ST/P003885/1UK Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC) | Ref. ST/V001035/
Extracurricular activities and academic motivation for rural area students
No full textSchool motivation leads and supports students’ efforts and active cognitive resources to learn. However, this is a very broad concept and some authors distinguish between three relevant constructs for motivation in educational contexts: academic self-efficacy, achievement motivation, and causal attribution of achievement. The objectives of the study were: 1) to determine what the level of motivation for school task is, as well as in the three motivational constructs: academic self-efficacy, achievement motivation, and causal attribution of achievement; 2) to establish whether there is any relationship or association between overall motivation or any of its motivational constructs and the variables related to extracurricular activities. The study was conducted on 321 students enrolled in the last two grades of Primary Education. To this end, an interpretive, descriptive and inferential cross-sectional study was carried out using a non-probabilistic sample of voluntary subjects. An ad hoc questionnaire was designed and the School Motivation Scale (SMS) was administered with a Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of 0.753. The results indicate that students’ motivation for school tasks is high with respect to the overall motivation, as well as in each of the three dimensions analyzed by means of SMS. In addition, the amount of extracurricular activities that each child is involved in varies between a minimum of zero activities and a maximum of seven activities per week, and students attending these activities spend, mostly, between three and six hours per week (44%). Academic and sports activities have the highest percentage of participation (26.8%), whereas academic activities have the lowest percentage (6.4%). A significant correlation was found between the amount of extracurricular activities and self-efficacy (p = .010). Significant differences between the types of extracurricular activities (academic, sports, and arts) and self-efficacy (p = .001) were also found. Finally, the results are discussed and compared with those obtained in previous studies, demonstrating the consistency of our findings
Enhancing materials and manufacturing education with materials databases: A case study in aerospace engineering
No full textThis chapter presents a case study on the implementation of CES EduPack, a powerful materials selection and education software, in an engineering classroom setting. Focusing on the field of aerospace engineering, the study explores the practical application of the software in teaching material selection and manufacturing processes for the design of a cryogenic storage tank for space rockets. This work highlights the benefits of using this specific software as a comprehensive tool for students to explore and analyze a wide range of materials, their properties, and their suitability for specific engineering applications. The class exercises and practical activities engage students in evaluating and comparing materials, utilizing tools such as Ashby diagrams and material indices. Through this hands-on approach, students develop a deeper understanding of the interplay between material properties, manufacturing constraints, and design requirements. Furthermore, the chapter emphasizes the importance of introducing real-world challenges into the classroom, such as the selection of materials for space-related applications. By using the software, students are exposed to the complexities and trade-offs involved in choosing materials that meet stringent performance criteria, cost-effectiveness, and manufacturability. Overall, the integration of this software in the classroom offers an innovative and effective way to enhance materials and manufacturing education. The case study presented in this chapter serves as a model for instructors seeking to provide students with valuable insights into the material selection process using a database in engineering disciplines
Digital violence and mobile phone use in adolescent couples: new challenges for educational intervention
No full textLas Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación (TIC) han provocado cambios drásticos en las dinámicas relacionales de los/as adolescentes, que proporcionan nuevos canales para ejercer y sufrir violencia. El objetivo de esta investigación es triple: se pretende evaluar la tenencia, el uso y la supervisión parental del teléfono móvil en el colectivo de adolescentes; identificar la violencia digital en las primeras relaciones afectivo-sexuales de los/as adolescentes; y comprobar su relación con otras formas de violencia en línea como el cyberbullying, el cyberstalking y el grooming. La muestra está formada por 715 adolescentes (47% chicas) con un rango de edad que va desde los 13 a los 19 años, siendo la media de 15.64 (DT = 1.28) años. Los resultados confirman la omnipresencia de las TIC en la vida de las parejas adolescentes y establecen una relación entre la violencia digital y el uso de los dispositivos tecnológicos y espacios virtuales, a los que acceden con escasa supervisión parental. Además, se evidencia que los/as adolescentes se enfrentan a múltiples violencias en el entorno en línea, tanto en el plano sentimental a través del cibercontrol y las agresiones como insultos o humillaciones, como en la esfera social, ya que han sido víctimas de cyberbullying, grooming y cyberstalking. En definitiva, se revelan nuevos retos de intervención educativa para los/as profesionales de la educación y las familias, ante el compromiso de asegurar que los/as más jóvenes vivan sus relaciones libres de violencia.Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) have caused drastic changes in the relational dynamics of adolescents, providing new channels to exercise and suffer violence. The objective of this research is threefold: it is intended to evaluate the possession, use and parental supervision of the mobile phone in the group of adolescents; identify digital violence in adolescents’ first affective/sexual relationships; and verify its relationship with other forms of online violence such as cyberbullying, cyberstalking and grooming. The sample is made up of 715 adolescents (47% girls) with an age range that goes from 13 to 19 years, with a mean of 15.64 (DT = 1.28) years. The results confirm the omnipresence of ICTs in the lives of adolescent couples and establish a relationship between digital violence and the use of technological devices and virtual spaces, which they access with little pa-rental supervision. In addition, it is evident that adolescents face multiple forms of violence in the online environ-ment, both at the sentimental level through cybercontrol and aggression, as well as insults or humiliation; as well as in the social sphere, since they have been victims of cyberbullying, grooming and cyberstalking. In short, new challenges of educational intervention are revealed for education professionals and families, in the face of the commitment to ensure that the youngest live their relationships free of violence.Deputación de OurenseUniversidade de Vig
Governance in small-scale fisheries of Galicia (NW Spain): Moving toward co-management?
No full textThe historical lack of fishers’ participation in decision making had led to weak fishing management and explains the meagre results achieved so far in conserving marine resources. European Commission recommends greater participation by fishers in the decision-making process so that adopted measures will better reflect local circumstances. It should be easier to introduce co-management measures in fisheries that have a tradition of cooperative behaviour among groups of fishers, as is generally the case in the small-scale fishing sector. This paper studies how small-scale Galician fishers view greater participation in the decision-making process. The results show that fishermen are clearly in favour of increased participation—through their guilds and, to a lesser extent, alongside trade unions, producer organizations, and scientists. The results show that fishers also favour moving toward co-management on such issues as participating in the establishment of regulating mechanisms, monitoring compliance with fishing rules, and demarcating areas for sport fishing.A falta histórica de participación dos pescadores na toma de decisións derivou nunha xestión pesqueira débil e explica os escasos resultados acadados ata agora na conservación dos recursos mariños. A Comisión Europea recomenda unha maior participación dos pescadores no proceso de toma de decisións para que as medidas adoptadas reflectan mellor as circunstancias locais. Debería ser máis sinxelo introducir medidas de coxestión naquelas pesqueiras que teñen unha tradición de comportamento cooperativo entre grupos de pescadores, como adoita ser o caso no sector da pesca artesanal.
Este artigo estuda como ven os pescadores artesanais galegos unha maior participación no proceso de toma de decisións. Os resultados mostran que os pescadores están claramente a favor de aumentar dita participación —a través das súas confrarías e, en menor medida, canda sindicatos, organizacións de produtores e científicos. Os resultados indican que os pescadores tamén favorecen o avance cara á coxestión en temas como a participación no establecemento de mecanismos reguladores, o seguimento do cumprimento das normas de pesca e a demarcación de zonas para a pesca deportiva.La falta histórica de participación de los pescadores en la toma de decisiones ha derivado en una gestión pesquera débil y explica los escasos resultados obtenidos hasta ahora en la conservación de los recursos marinos. La Comisión Europea recomienda una mayor participación de los pescadores en el proceso de toma de decisiones para que las medidas adoptadas reflejen mejor las circunstancias locales. Debería ser más sencillo introducir medidas de cogestión en aquellas pesquerías que cuentan con una tradición de comportamiento cooperativo entre grupos de pescadores, como suele ser el caso en el sector de la pesca artesanal.
Este artículo estudia cómo perciben los pescadores artesanales gallegos una mayor participación en el proceso de toma de decisiones. Los resultados muestran que los pescadores están claramente a favor de aumentar dicha participación —a través de sus cofradías y, en menor medida, junto con sindicatos, organizaciones de productores y científicos. Los resultados también indican que los pescadores favorecen el avance hacia la cogestión en temas como la participación en el establecimiento de mecanismos reguladores, el seguimiento del cumplimiento de las normas de pesca y la demarcación de zonas para la pesca deportiva.Xunta de Galicia | Ref. ED431C2018/48Xunta de Galicia | Ref. ED431E2018/07Agencia Estatal de Investigación | Ref. RTI2018-099225-B-10