Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences
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The Relationship between Parental Phubbing and Problem Behaviors in Preschool Children
No full textObjectives: With the widespread adoption of smartphones, parental phubbing behaviors have become increasingly prevalent, potentially affecting preschool children's development. Current research primarily focuses on adolescent populations, while the mechanisms through which parental phubbing and authoritarian parenting style influence preschool children's behavioral problems within the Chinese cultural context remain to be explored. Our investigation seeks to examine the factors contributing to behavioral difficulties among children of preschool age and provide theoretical guidance for prevention. Methods: In our research, we utilized a convenience sampling approach to collect data from parents whose children (n = 612) were between 3 and 7 years of age. The questionnaire distribution was facilitated via the Wenjuanxing online survey platform. Research instruments included the Parental Phubbing Scale, Parent-Child Relationship Scale, Authoritarian Parenting Style Scale, and Conners Child Behavior Rating Scale. For analytical procedures, we employed SPSS 24.0 to generate descriptive statistics and correlation analysis. Chain mediation effects were examined via Process macro, while significance assessment of the mediating effects relied on the Bootstrap method for constructing 95% confidence intervals. Results: A statistically significant positive association was observed between parental phubbing and behavioral problems exhibited by children (r = 0.251, p < 0.001). Parental phubbing exhibited a significant direct effect on children's behavioral problems (beta = 0.088, p < 0.001). Analysis of sequential mediation demonstrated that authoritarian parenting style together with parent-child conflict functioned as significant intermediary variables in the relationship between parental phubbing and children's problem behaviors (beta = 0.163, p < 0.001), with these indirect pathways constituting 64.94% of the total effect. Conclusion: Parental phubbing significantly contributes to behavioral problems in preschool children. Parents should monitor their media use, improve their parenting approach, and enhance parent-child relationships to reduce behavioral problems in preschool children
Factors influencing public support for individual low-carbon behavior reward system in China: role of climate change perceptions and macroeconomic expectations
No full textGovernments worldwide promote harmonizing economic and green development. As an emerging policy in the climate area, China's individual low-carbon behavioral reward system (ILBRS) exemplifies integrating economic incentives with environmental psychology, showing promising results in mitigating carbon emissions. However, existing research on public support for ILBRS lacks an integrated perspective, particularly regarding the dual role of economic and psychological factors. This study explores the dual effects of macroeconomic expectations and climate change perceptions on ILBRS. Through a nationwide panel survey over one year, we analyzed data from two large samples at T1 (N = 2,322) and T2 (N = 1,169) using the attitude-behavior-context model. Results showed that climate change beliefs and impact perceptions (attitude) significantly predicted ILBRS support (behavior). In three regression models (two cross-sectional and one longitudinal), macroeconomic expectations (context) present a stable and significant predictive validity for ILBRS support. Our findings provide practical suggestions for policy makers. Through reasonable climate change knowledge dissemination and coordination between macroeconomic development and climate governance, it can help the government guide the public to support ILBRS policies and build a low-carbon society.</p
Altered resting-state amygdala-cerebellar functional connectivity is associated with intolerance of uncertainty in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder: A longitudinal study
No full textObjectives: Intolerance of uncertainty (IU) plays an important role in the pathology of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). The amygdala and anterior insula (AI) appear to be important neural correlates of IU. However, the relationship between altered resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) and IU in OCD patients has not been reported. Methods: This study recruited 39 patients with OCD and 45 healthy controls (HC). IU was measured using the Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale (IUS). The seed-to-voxel method was used to construct rsFC maps. Between-group differences in rsFC and their correlations with IU were analyzed. Following an eight-week psychological intervention, OCD patients underwent a second assessment. The association between rsFC changes and IU changes was investigated. Results: OCD patients exhibited significantly higher IUS scores. Significant alterations in rsFC were observed between the left amygdala and the left cerebellum posterior lobe (CPL), as well as between the left AI and the left cuneus in OCD patients. In the OCD group, only the left amygdala-left CPL rsFC significantly correlated with IUS scores. No significant correlations were found between rsFC and IUS scores in the HC group. Longitudinal analysis revealed that changes in the left amygdala-left CPL rsFC were significantly associated with changes in IUS scores. Conclusions: This study establishes amygdala-cerebellar rsFC as a specific neural signature of IU in patients with OCD, patterns absent in healthy controls. Moreover, the amygdala-cerebellar rsFC displayed longitudinal coupling with IU changes. These findings provide novel insights into the neural mechanisms of OCD pathology
Altered resting-state amygdala-cerebellar functional connectivity is associated with intolerance of uncertainty in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder: A longitudinal study
No full textObjectives: Intolerance of uncertainty (IU) plays an important role in the pathology of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). The amygdala and anterior insula (AI) appear to be important neural correlates of IU. However, the relationship between altered resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) and IU in OCD patients has not been reported. Methods: This study recruited 39 patients with OCD and 45 healthy controls (HC). IU was measured using the Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale (IUS). The seed-to-voxel method was used to construct rsFC maps. Between-group differences in rsFC and their correlations with IU were analyzed. Following an eight-week psychological intervention, OCD patients underwent a second assessment. The association between rsFC changes and IU changes was investigated. Results: OCD patients exhibited significantly higher IUS scores. Significant alterations in rsFC were observed between the left amygdala and the left cerebellum posterior lobe (CPL), as well as between the left AI and the left cuneus in OCD patients. In the OCD group, only the left amygdala-left CPL rsFC significantly correlated with IUS scores. No significant correlations were found between rsFC and IUS scores in the HC group. Longitudinal analysis revealed that changes in the left amygdala-left CPL rsFC were significantly associated with changes in IUS scores. Conclusions: This study establishes amygdala-cerebellar rsFC as a specific neural signature of IU in patients with OCD, patterns absent in healthy controls. Moreover, the amygdala-cerebellar rsFC displayed longitudinal coupling with IU changes. These findings provide novel insights into the neural mechanisms of OCD pathology.</p
How social factors relate to arthritis risk in Chinese older adults: population-based evidence
No full textBackground Arthritis prevalence is rising among older adults globally, including in China, where the aging population is increasing. Social factors, such as social networks, participation, and support, have been associated with inflammation response. However, limited research has explored how these factors affect arthritis in Chinese older adults. This study aimed to examine the association between social factors and arthritis risk using data from the 2017-2018 Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS).Methods A total of 15,854 individuals aged 60 and above were included. Arthritis status was assessed through self-reports, and key social factors-social network size, social participation, and social support were measured. Binary logistic regression models were used to analyze associations, adjusting for demographic and health-related variables.Results A larger social network was associated with a lower risk of arthritis (OR = 0.963, p = 0.015). Higher social participation, however, was associated with a higher risk (OR = 1.027, p = 0.007). Emotional support demonstrated a protective effect (OR = 0.963, p = 0.006), while instrumental support showed no significant impact. A significant interaction between social participation and emotional support (p = 0.008) indicated that emotional support mitigates the elevated risk of arthritis associated with high social participation.Conclusion Social factors play a crucial role in arthritis risk among older adults. While broader social networks and emotional support appear beneficial, increased social participation may contribute to higher risk. These findings highlight the need for tailored interventions to promote healthy aging
How social factors relate to arthritis risk in Chinese older adults: population-based evidence
No full textBackground Arthritis prevalence is rising among older adults globally, including in China, where the aging population is increasing. Social factors, such as social networks, participation, and support, have been associated with inflammation response. However, limited research has explored how these factors affect arthritis in Chinese older adults. This study aimed to examine the association between social factors and arthritis risk using data from the 2017-2018 Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS).Methods A total of 15,854 individuals aged 60 and above were included. Arthritis status was assessed through self-reports, and key social factors-social network size, social participation, and social support were measured. Binary logistic regression models were used to analyze associations, adjusting for demographic and health-related variables.Results A larger social network was associated with a lower risk of arthritis (OR = 0.963, p = 0.015). Higher social participation, however, was associated with a higher risk (OR = 1.027, p = 0.007). Emotional support demonstrated a protective effect (OR = 0.963, p = 0.006), while instrumental support showed no significant impact. A significant interaction between social participation and emotional support (p = 0.008) indicated that emotional support mitigates the elevated risk of arthritis associated with high social participation.Conclusion Social factors play a crucial role in arthritis risk among older adults. While broader social networks and emotional support appear beneficial, increased social participation may contribute to higher risk. These findings highlight the need for tailored interventions to promote healthy aging.</p
Parvalbumin and Somatostatin Neurons in the Thalamic Reticular Nucleus Modulate Visual Information Processing in V1 of Mouse
No full textThe thalamic reticular nucleus (TRN) plays a crucial role in regulating sensory encoding, even at the earliest stages of visual processing, as evidenced by numerous studies. Orientation selectivity, a vital neural response, is essential for detecting objects through edge perception. Here, we demonstrate that somatostatin (SOM)-expressing and parvalbumin (PV)-expressing neurons in the TRN project to the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus and modulate orientation selectivity and the capacity for visual information processing in the primary visual cortex (V1). These findings show that SOM-positive and PV-positive neurons in the TRN are powerful modulators of visual information encoding in V1, revealing a novel role for this thalamic nucleus in influencing visual processing
Utilizing the Visual Working Memory Paradigm Based on the "Global-First" Topological Approach to Optimize Psychiatric Disorders Diagnosis and Differentiation
No full textCurrent diagnostic methods present major challenges in accurately diagnosing and differentiating psychiatric disorders. Due to the key role of visual working memory (VWM) for cross-diagnosis research on information processing deficits, we developed a new VWM paradigm based on the "global-first" topological visual perception theory to detect different psychiatric disorders among age groups. In young groups, significant differences in accuracy were observed between topological change and no-shape-change (all p < .05) in bipolar disorder (BD) and schizophrenia (SCZ) at different sequence values, and non-topological change was noted between the other two conditions when the size of the test graphic set in 3 in chronic-SCZ (p(3-same) = .000/p(3-non-topo) = .003). The accuracy of the no-shape-change in depression differed from that of topological change when the size of the test graphic was set at 4 (p = .002). In older adults, the accuracy of non-topological change is different from the other two conditions in depression when the size of the test graphic set is 3 (p(same) = .0314/p(topo) = .0390). Our new VWM paradigm demonstrates potential as a complementary diagnostic tool for psychiatric disorders, with preliminary evidence of sensitivity to disease-specific cognitive deficits. While classification accuracy [Area Under Curve (AUC) > 0.70-0.98] suggests clinical utility, further validation against traditional diagnostic instruments (e.g., DSM-5 criteria, symptom scales) is required to establish its role in clinical practice</p
The Relationship Between Depressive Symptoms and Peer Victimization Across Different Stages of Adolescence: A Network Analysis Approach
No full text青春期抑郁症状呈现出发生率高、非线性发展的特征。以往研究使用网络分析方法探索抑郁症状网络结构特征，并提出中心症状是潜在的干预靶点。然而，目前尚缺少研究探索针对中心症状进行干预对整体网络状态的影响程度。此外，从症状层面探究抑郁症状与同伴欺凌受害之间关系的研究也较为欠缺。本研究有两个目标：第一，在青春期不同阶段，采用计算机模拟干预方法，探索干预特定症状对整体网络状态的影响，识别有效的干预靶点，分析中心症状与有效干预靶点之间的关系；第二，探索抑郁症状与同伴欺凌受害在青春期不同阶段的网络结构特征，识别网络的有效干预靶点，分析中心症状与有效干预靶点之间的关系。 在理论层面，本研究将深化对中心症状在网络中作用的理解；在实践层面，本研究将为抑郁症状与同伴欺凌受害干预靶点的选择提供依据。
本研究包括两个子研究。研究一共纳入 46,842 名参与者，将其划分为三个组别：青春期早期组（N=15,299）、青春期中期组（N=15,596）和青春期晚期组（N=15,547）。参与者完成了流调中心抑郁量表及人口统计学信息的填写。研究一基于抑郁症状网络，识别青春期不同阶段的中心症状和有效干预靶点，分析它们的关系。网络分析研究结果显示，“感到悲伤”在青春期三个阶段均表现出最高的期望影响中心性指标值，且其中心性在青春期晚期比早期显著增强。计算机模拟干预结果显示，减小“感觉自己比别人差”（青春期早期）和“感到抑郁” （青春期中期和晚期）的阈值最大程度降低了网络激活状态，这些症状被识别为有效治疗靶点。增加“感到悲伤”和“感到抑郁”（青春期早期），以及“感到沮丧”（青春期中期和晚期）的阈值最大程度提升了网络激活状态，这些症状被识别为有效预防靶点。研究一结果表明，中心症状不一定是有效干预靶点。
研究二的参与者与研究一相同。在研究一基础上，参与者还完成了同伴欺凌受害量表。研究二旨在探索抑郁症状与同伴欺凌受害的网络结构，识别有效干预靶点，分析中心节点和有效干预靶点之间的关系。高斯图模型网络分析显示，“感到悲伤”在青春期三个阶段均有最高期望影响值，且其中心性在青春期不同阶段没有显著差异；“感到他人不友好”和“被故意排斥”在青春期不同阶段均是桥节点。在贝叶斯网络分析中，抑郁症状普遍指向同伴欺凌受害，其中“感到他人不友好”始终指向“被故意排斥”；“觉得别人不喜欢我”在青春期早期指向 “被取笑”，在青春期中期和晚期指向“被造谣”。在计算机模拟干预中，减小 “被取笑”（青春期早期）和“感到抑郁”（青春期中期和晚期）的阈值最大程度降低了网络激活状态，这些症状被识别为有效治疗靶点。增加“感到悲伤”和 “感到抑郁”（青春期早期），“感到沮丧”和“觉得别人不喜欢我”（青春期中期和晚期），以及“感到他人不友好”（青春期晚期）的阈值最大程度提升了网络激活状态，这些症状被识别为有效预防靶点。研究结果显示，中心症状不一 定是有效干预靶点。
本研究具有一定的理论和实践意义。在理论层面，通过计算机模拟干预评估干预中心抑郁症状对整体网络状态的影响，有助于深化理解中心抑郁症状在网络中的作用。同时，从心理病理学网络视角探索抑郁症状与同伴欺凌受害之间的关系，对揭示二者的相互作用具有理论意义。在实践层面，采用计算机模拟干预方法识别有效干预靶点，可为从业者筛选潜在的抑郁干预目标提供参考，有助于优化对抑郁症状的治疗与预防策略，从而改善不同发展阶段青少年的心理健康水平。此外，关于抑郁症状与同伴欺凌受害关系的研究发现，有助于指导实践人员根据青春期不同阶段选择针对性的预防和干预目标，干预二者之间的恶性循环。</p
A Computer Simulation-Based Intervention for Depressive Symptoms
No full textDepression is highly prevalent all over the world. However, previous research exhibited some limitations in identifying effective intervention targets of depression. To address these issues, the current study applied a computer simulation-based intervention to identify potential intervention targets. The dataset came from the fifth China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study, including 16,165 participants aged 18 to 108 (Mage=60.50, SDage =9.32, 52.30% females, 47.70% males). This study found that the alleviating intervention target is feeling depressed and the aggravating intervention target is feeling fearful. The centrality index is not necessarily consistent with the results of the computer simulation-based intervention. The computer simulation-based intervention is an alternative method to provide a novel insight into effective intervention targets.</p
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