Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences
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Neural variability reliably encodes interindividual differences in the perception of pain intensity
No full textNeural activity varies dramatically across time. While such neural variability has been associated with cognition, its relationship with pain remains largely unexplored. Here, we systematically investigated the relationship between neural variability and pain, particularly individual differences in pain intensity discriminability, in six large electroencephalography (EEG) datasets (total N = 633), where healthy volunteers (Datasets 1-5; N = 606) and postherpetic neuralgia patients (Dataset 6; N = 27) received painful or nonpainful sensory stimuli. We found robust correlations between neural variability and interindividual pain intensity discriminability. These correlations were replicable in multiple datasets and seemed not to be caused by stimulus-general factors, as no significant correlations were observed in nonpain modalities. Importantly, variability and amplitude of EEG responses were mutually independent and had distinct temporal and oscillatory profiles in encoding pain intensity discriminability. These findings demonstrate that neural variability is a replicable and potentially preferential indicator of individual differences in pain intensity discriminability, thereby enhancing the understanding of neural encoding of pain intensity discriminability and underscoring the value of neural variability in pain studies
Problematic internet use, the behavioral activation system/behavioral inhibition system, and self-control in children and adolescents: A network analysis
No full textObjective: According to dual systems theory, excessive sensitivity to rewards and punishments, along with weakened self-control, contributes to the high prevalence of problematic internet use (PIU) among Chinese children and adolescents. This study investigates how these dual systems affect PIU and whether their relationships differ across age groups. Method: A sample of 4029 Chinese children (9-12 years) and adolescents (13-18 years) completed measures from the Behavioral Activation System/Behavioral Inhibition System Scales (BAS/BIS), the Brief Self-Control Scale (SCS) and the Internet Addiction Test (IAT). We used t-tests and network analysis to examine both the age-related differences and the network structures. Results: Compared with children, adolescents presented increased scores for total BAS, BAS (drive), and IAT but lower scores for SCS total and SCS (impulse control). Network analysis revealed that both the overall network and the separate networks for the two age groups identified SCSi (impulse control) and IAT as central bridge nodes and the negative connection between SCSi (impulse control) and IAT as the strongest edge. Additionally, a comparison of the network structures between the two age groups revealed that the negative correlation between the SCSd (self-discipline) and BASf (fun seeking) scores was stronger in adolescents than in children. Conclusions: This study breaks through the dual-systems theory in a Chinese context by revealing the similarities and differences between the dual systems network and PIU among Chinese children and adolescents. Additionally, it highlights age-specific mechanisms, which can inform targeted interventions for internet dependence.</p
Development and reliability and validity assessment of the itch sensitivity questionnaire （ISQ）
No full text慢性瘙痒常见于多类皮肤与系统性疾病，患者常伴随病程进展出现痒觉敏感性的增强。然而，目前仍缺乏能够覆盖多种痒刺激类型且兼具经济性与实用性的痒觉敏感性评估工具。中国科学院心理研究所孔亚卓团队研发的痒觉敏感性量表（ISQ）通过自评方式评估个体在日常情境下的瘙痒感受强度。该量表包含13个条目，涵盖三个维度：非人为诱发瘙痒、人为诱发瘙痒和极轻微瘙痒，采用0～10的数字评分，旨在全面反映个体的痒觉敏感性水平。在量表的信效度检验中，共有370名健康成人被试被纳入探索性因子分析和内部一致性分析；另招募124名健康成人被试，用于检验量表的重测信度、区分效度和收敛效度，并结合三种实验性痒觉敏感测试进一步分析其效标效度。此外，研究还纳入97名慢性瘙痒患者，以分析量表得分与其慢性瘙痒强度及临床特征之间的关联。结果显示，ISQ在健康人群和慢性瘙痒患者中均具有良好的信效度，能够有效评估个体的痒觉敏感性，并反映出患者的瘙痒敏感化现象。ISQ作为一种可靠的痒觉敏感性量化工具，具备潜在的临床应用价值。相关研究成果已发表于欧洲过敏与临床免疫学学会（EAACI）官方期刊《Allergy》。</p
The Development and Application of a Public Robot Attitude Scale
No full text本研究基于经典的三元态度理论，从认知、情感和行为三个角度编制民众机器人态度量表，并应用该量表探讨人格在民众对机器人的态度中的作用。研究1从全国抽取699人进行施测，先进行项目分析和探索性因子分析，然后进行验证性因子分析和信效度检验。最终民众机器人态度量表包含认知、情感和行为三个分量表，共34道题目，且信效度良好。研究2从全国抽取1567人，采用民众机器人态度量表和大五人格量表，探究人格在民众对机器人的态度中的作用。结果表明：严谨性、宜人性和开放性显著正向影响民众对机器人的认知态度；神经质和外向性显著负向影响民众对机器人的情感态度；开放性显著正向影响民众对机器人的情感态度；神经质、外向性和宜人性显著正向影响民众对机器人的行为态度。</p
The Relationship Between Trait Meta-mood and Coping Styles: A Moderated Mediation Model
No full text目的：考察大学生特质元情绪与应对方式的关系以及压力感知、情绪粒度在其中的作用。方法：采用特质元情绪量表、压力知觉量表、简易应对方式问卷、情绪体验范围和区分性量表对532名大学生进行调查。结果：特质元情绪与压力感知呈显著负相关；特质元情绪与积极应对方式呈显著正相关，与消极应对方式呈显著负相关。压力感知在特质元情绪和应对方式的关系中存在显著的中介作用。情绪粒度在模型前半段路径起调节效应，具体来说，对于情绪粒度水平越高的个体，特质元情绪中的情绪恢复维度对压力感知的负向预测作用越强。结论：压力感知在特质元情绪与应对方式的关系中起中介作用，情绪恢复对压力感知的作用受到情绪粒度的调节。</p
Empowering the Construction and Automated Measurement of Psychological Trait Dimensions with Artificial Intelligence: A Case Study of National Stereotypes
No full text研究以国家刻板印象为例，提出了一种以人工智能技术中的大语言模型（large language model, LLM）为核心的心理测量方法，实现从心理特征的维度构建到自动化测量的完整流程。研究1利用人工智能提取自由描述文本中的国家刻板印象内容，结合文本挖掘方法归纳出国家刻板印象跨文化核心维度；研究2构建了基于LLM的自动化测量（LLM-rating）模型并检验性能。研究结果显示：（1）利用人工智能技术，提取出国家刻板印象的五个跨文化核心维度：文化丰富性、发达进步、权力影响、社会平等、集中管理；（2）LLM-rating模型具有良好的人机评分一致性和评分结果的跨时间稳定性。研究结果表明，人工智能为复杂心理特征的自动化建构与评估提供了新的跨学科角度，展示了其在社会认知研究中的潜在应用价值。</p
中国父母是不是应该多点积极反刍思维?
No full text<正>反刍思维，顾名思义，是对经历和信息的反复思考，就像反刍动物反复咀嚼吃下去草料那样。在心理学领域，通常关注消极反刍思维，即“个体对负面情绪、消极事件或个人困扰持续、反复地思考，且这种思考聚焦于症状、原因和后果，而非解决方案”。脑科学研究表明，当个体陷入消极反刍思维时，大脑杏仁核会持续活跃，释放压力激素皮质醇，导致情绪调节能力下降，认知功能受损。长期处于这种思维模式，不仅无法有效解决问题，还会加剧心理痛苦，形成恶性循环。</p
Gender differences in drub abuse behavior characteristics of etomidate detoxification patients
No full text目的 探索依托咪酯戒毒人员吸毒行为特征的性别差异性表现，为专业化矫治工作提供科学依据。方法 85例依托咪酯戒毒人员参与研究，戒断时间1-20个月；采用问卷调查法收集人口学特征与吸毒行为特点，并用SPSS 22.0软件对采集的数据进行统计分析。结果 （1）依托咪酯戒毒人员平均年龄32.61±7.82岁，以未婚、离异、青年、无固定职业、低学历者为主；（2）吸毒原因以“好奇”、认为“不成瘾，没有危害”因素为主；（3）男女性别依托咪酯戒毒人员在戒断反应的选择比率上存在总体差异性（χ2=24.198,P=0.002）;（4）男女性别依托咪酯戒毒人员在戒毒动力来源的选择比率上存在总体边缘差异性（χ2=13.852,P=0.086）;在戒毒准备上，女性更愿意选择“接受专业戒毒治疗”;（5）男女性别依托咪酯戒毒人员在应对方式的选择比率上存在总体差异性（χ2=54.760,P<0.001）。结论 吸食依托咪酯对男性和女性戒毒人员在心理行为的不同层面造成差异，在矫治工作中应结合不同性别戒毒人员的具体问题表现开展针对性矫治，以提升依托咪酯戒毒人员的科学化矫治水平。</p
CoSpine open access simultaneous cortico-spinal fMRI database of thermal pain and motor tasks
No full textSimultaneous cortico-spinal functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) enables non-invasive investigation of integrated central nervous system function, but acquisition challenges have restricted the availability of public datasets and slowed the development of advanced analytic methods. Here, we introduce the CoSpine database, the first open-access, BIDS-compliant cortico-spinal task-based fMRI resource (N = 61), acquired using a novel single-field-of-view (FOV) imaging protocol covering the whole brain (including cortical, subcortical, brainstem, and cerebellar regions) and cervical spinal cord. The dataset contains raw images, field maps, physiological recordings, and BIDS event files from thermal pain and voluntary motor tasks. An optimized acquisition and preprocessing framework is provided, validated by quality-control metrics such as temporal signal-to-noise ratio and alignment precision. Spanning a broad age range and standardized paradigms, CoSpine serves as a reference for neuroimaging methods development (e.g., hyperalignment) and for artificial intelligence (AI) model benchmarking. Potential applications include sensorimotor phenotyping, studies of age-related neurodegeneration, and exploratory work in neurorehabilitation, while also supporting early-stage development of brain-computer interface (BCI) systems involving spinal activity and personalized neuromodulation strategies
CoSpine open access simultaneous cortico-spinal fMRI database of thermal pain and motor tasks
No full textSimultaneous cortico-spinal functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) enables non-invasive investigation of integrated central nervous system function, but acquisition challenges have restricted the availability of public datasets and slowed the development of advanced analytic methods. Here, we introduce the CoSpine database, the first open-access, BIDS-compliant cortico-spinal task-based fMRI resource (N = 61), acquired using a novel single-field-of-view (FOV) imaging protocol covering the whole brain (including cortical, subcortical, brainstem, and cerebellar regions) and cervical spinal cord. The dataset contains raw images, field maps, physiological recordings, and BIDS event files from thermal pain and voluntary motor tasks. An optimized acquisition and preprocessing framework is provided, validated by quality-control metrics such as temporal signal-to-noise ratio and alignment precision. Spanning a broad age range and standardized paradigms, CoSpine serves as a reference for neuroimaging methods development (e.g., hyperalignment) and for artificial intelligence (AI) model benchmarking. Potential applications include sensorimotor phenotyping, studies of age-related neurodegeneration, and exploratory work in neurorehabilitation, while also supporting early-stage development of brain-computer interface (BCI) systems involving spinal activity and personalized neuromodulation strategies.</p
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