Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences
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Gender differences in risk factors for suicide attempts among young, first-episode and drug-naive major depressive disorder patients with anxiety symptoms
No full textBackground Suicide attempts and anxiety are common commodities in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD), and suicide attempts are often associated with anxiety symptoms. Studies have found gender differences in several aspects of MDD; however, gender differences in suicide attempts in young first-episode and drug-naive (FEDN) MDD patients with anxiety remain unknown. This study aimed to investigate potential gender differences in the prevalence of suicide attempts and associated risk factors among young FEDN MDD patients with anxiety in a Chinese Han population.Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted on 1289 young patients with FEDN MDD. Demographics, clinical characteristics, and biochemical parameters of patients were collected.Results Suicide attempters accounted for 23.80% and 26.12% of male and female FEDN MDD patients with anxiety, respectively, with no significant gender differences. Binary logistic regression analyses showed that anxiety, clinical global impression severity, and thyroid peroxidase antibody significantly predicted suicide attempts in both male and female FEDN MDD patients with anxiety, while body mass index significantly predicted suicide attempts only in males, and psychotic symptoms predicted suicide attempts only in females.Conclusion The present study represents the first large-scale investigation of gender differences in the prevalence of suicide attempts and related risk factors among young FEND MDD patients with anxiety in the Chinese Han population. The results indicate that risk factors associated with suicide attempts vary by gender among young FEND MDD patients with anxiety, although a comparable rate of suicide attempts was observed in both female and male patients.</p
Common intentional binding effects across diverse sensory modalities in touch-free voluntary actions
No full textThe intentional binding effect refers to the phenomenon where the perceived temporal interval between a voluntary action and its sensory consequence is subjectively compressed. Prior research revealed the importance of tactile feedback from the keyboard on this effect. Here we examined the necessity of such tactile feedback by utilizing a touch-free key-press device without haptic feedback, and explored how initial/outcome sensory modalities (visual/auditory/tactile) and their consistency influence the intentional binding effect. Participants estimated three delay lengths (250, 550, or 850 ms) between the initial and outcome stimuli. Results showed that regardless of the combinations of sensory modalities between the initial and the outcome stimuli (i.e., modal consistency), the intentional binding effect was only observed in the 250 ms delay condition. This findings indicate a stable intentional binding effect both within and across sensory modalities, supporting the existence of a shared mechanism underlying the binding effect in touch-free voluntary actions.</p
Revision and validation of a Chinese version of the object-spatial imagery and verbal questionnaire
No full textSelf-construal and generalized trust predict first impressions from faces (vol 191, 111537, 2022)
No full textPeople readily form first impressions from faces, and they refer to these impressions when navigating their way through social life. An emerging line of research has pondered the contribution of perceivers' characteristics to first impressions from faces. To extend this line of research, we examined how self-construals and generalized trust predicted people's impressions of strangers in three studies. Participants reported their interdependent self-construal, independent self-construal, and generalized trust. They also evaluated target persons on a variety of traits based on solely faces. Across different samples, measurement, and covariates, we consistently found that participants higher on interdependent self-construal and generalized trust tended to perceive others as more warm, competent, and attractive, and thus form a better overall impression of others. These findings advance understanding of influences of perceiver characteristics on impression formation as well as social functions of self-construals and generalized trust.</p
Shared and unique alterations of large-scale network connectivity in drug-free adolescent-onset and adult-onset major depressive disorder
No full textDifferences in clinical manifestations and biological underpinnings between Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) onset during adolescence and adulthood have been posited in previous studies, implying an influential role of age of onset (AOO) in the clinical subtyping and therapeutic approaches to MDD. However, direct comparisons between the two cohorts and their age-matched controls have been lacking in extant investigations. In this investigation, 156 volunteers participated, comprising 46 adolescents with MDD (adolescent-onset group), 35 adults with MDD (adult-onset group), 19 healthy adolescents, and 56 healthy adults. Resting-state functional MRI scans were undergone by all participants. Large-scale network analyses were applied. Subsequently, a 2 x 2 ANOVA was employed to analyze the main effects of diagnosis, age, and their interaction effect on functional connectivity (FC). Furthermore, regression analysis was employed to scrutinize the association between anomalous FC and HAMD sub-scores. Increased FC in visual network (VN), limbic network (LN), VN-dorsal attention network (DAN), VN-LN, and LN-Default Mode (DMN) was found in both adolescent-onset and adult-onset MDD; however, the increased FC in DAN and LN were only found in adult-onset MDD and the decreased FC in DAN was only found in adolescent-onset MDD. Additionally, the relationship between HAMD factor 1 anxiety somatization and altered FC of DAN, VN, and VN-DAN was moderated by AOO. In conclusion, shared and distinctive large-scale network alterations in adolescent-onset and adult-onset MDD patients were suggested by our findings, providing valuable contributions towards refining clinical subtyping and treatment approaches for MDD.</p
The Relationship Between Trust and Well-Being: A Meta-Analysis
No full textAn increasing number of studies emphasize that trust is most relevant to well-being. However, the results of this relationship remain inconclusive. This meta-analysis aims to synthesize the evidence on the association between trust and individual well-being. We searched several electronic databases to identify relevant studies published before September 30, 2022. Studies were included if they reported a Pearson's correlation coefficient between trust and well-being. And a random-effects model was used. We identified 132 primary studies with a total of 1,060,174 participants. The results provided a moderate correlation between trust and well-being (rho = 0.255) with 95% CI = [.240, .269]. Furthermore, we explored different trust types, well-being types, individualism, age, and gender as moderators. The results showed that the well-being types moderated the relationship between trust and well-being. Specifically, the strongest is social well-being, while the weakest is physical well-being. Trust types and individualism did not moderate the link between trust and well-being, whereas age and gender did. This study provides the evidence that trust plays an important role in promoting well-being.</p
Dynamic and Static Resting-State Functional Connectivity of the Amygdala and Hippocampus in Post-traumatic Stress Disorder: Results From the ENIGMA PGC PTSD Consortium
No full textPrevalence of prenatal depression and risk factors
No full text目的 分析产前抑郁检出率并阐明其影响因素。方法 招募来我院接受产前检查的孕妇742名。采用爱丁堡产后抑郁量表评估抑郁水平，并收集人口学、医学及社会心理学信息。采用单因素与多因素Logistic回归分析探索产前抑郁影响因素。结果 (1)北京地区产前抑郁检出率为11.9%；(2)多因素Logistic回归分析显示，精神疾病史、孕妇及婆家的男孩偏好数、社会支持水平、职业状态以及人均居住面积是产前抑郁的独立危险因素（P<0.05）。结论 有精神疾病史、孕妇及婆家偏好男孩、社会支持水平低、无业、居住面积偏低是产前抑郁的危险因素，应对符合上述因素的孕妇进行重点筛查，减少产前抑郁发生。</p
The moderating role of catastrophizing in day-to-day dynamic stress and depressive symptoms
No full textThe way individuals handle daily stressors can significantly influence their mental health. Those who struggle with emotion regulation are especially vulnerable to the negative effects of stress. This study explored the role of catastrophizing, a maladaptive emotion regulation strategy, in shaping the relationships between daily stress responses and depressive symptoms. A total of 75 healthy college students participated in the study. We adopted an Ecological Momentary Assessment protocol over 14 consecutive days to capture the day-to-day dynamics of stress reactivity and recovery. Our findings indicate that individuals with higher levels of catastrophizing exhibited increased daily stress reactivity and delayed daily stress recovery, consequently raising their likelihood of experiencing amplified depressive symptoms. In contrast, those with lower levels of catastrophizing did not experience the same negative effects of increased daily stress reactivity on their mental health. These results enhance understanding of how real-life stressors contribute to the development of mental health issues and underscore the importance of adaptive emotion regulation for improved overall health and well-being.</p
Conflict Dynamics of Post-Retrieval Extinction: A Comparative Analysis of Unconditional and Conditional Reminders Using Skin Conductance Responses and EEG
No full textThe post-retrieval extinction paradigm, rooted in reconsolidation theory, holds promise for enhancing extinction learning and addressing anxiety and trauma-related disorders. This study investigates the impact of two reminder types, mild US-reminder (US-R) and CS-reminder (CS-R), along with a no-reminder extinction, on fear recovery prevention in a categorical fear conditioning paradigm. Scalp EEG recordings during reminder and extinction processes were conducted in a three-day design. Results show that the US-R group exhibits a distinctive extinction learning pattern, characterized by a slowed-down yet successful process and pronounced theta-alpha desynchronization (source-located in the prefrontal cortex) during CS processing, followed by enhanced synchronization (source-located in the anterior cingulate) after shock cancellation in extinction trials. These neural dynamics correlate with the subtle advantage of US-R in the Day 3 recovery test, presenting faster spontaneous recovery fading and generally lower fear reinstatement responses. Conversely, the CS reminder elicits CS-specific effects in later episodic tests. The unique neural features of the US-R group suggest a larger prediction error and subsequent effortful conflict learning processes, warranting further exploration.</p
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