Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences
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KETCH: A Knowledge-Enhanced Transformer-Based Approach to Suicidal Ideation Detection from Social Media Content
No full textSuicidal ideation (SI), as a psychiatric emergency, requires immediate assistance and intervention. Most people with SI do not actively seek help from mental health professionals, which may result in irreversible consequences. Research has shown that individuals experiencing SI increasingly express their thoughts and emotions on social media platforms, making the latter a viable venue for suicidal ideation detection (SID). This paper proposes, develops, and evaluates a knowledge-enhanced transformer-based approach (KETCH) to SID from social media content. KETCH comprises several key novel design artifacts, including a social media-oriented SI lexicon, a model-level method for integrating domain knowledge (i.e., lexicon) into a state-of-theart transformer, and aligned dynamic embedding and lexicon-based enhancement that integrate domain relevance and contextual importance of terms to effective SID. We evaluate KETCH's performance with social media data in two different languages collected from distinct platforms, and further examine its generalizability to user-level models for suicide risk prediction and depression detection. The results demonstrate the superior effectiveness, robustness, and generalizability of KETCH via a series of empirical evaluation and a field study. Our research makes multifold research contributions and opens up practical opportunities for timely detection and proactive intervention of SI, which can have far-reaching impacts on public health, the economy, and society.</p
Reliability and validity of online social support scale in middle-aged and older adults
No full text目的 检验网络社会支持量表在中老年人中的信效度和适用性。方法 2022年3—5月采用网络社会支持量表、社交媒体使用量表和心理幸福感量表，通过问卷星平台对896位中老年人开展问卷调查，并对数据进行分析。结果 该量表具有良好的区分度；探索性因子分析获得的四因子模型可解释总变异的68.28%，验证性因子分析则显示，修订后量表的四因子模型拟合度良好，卡方/自由度（χ~2/df)=2.81，比较拟合指数（comparative fit index,CFI)=0.94，相对拟合指数（Tucker-Lewis index,TLI)=0.93，标准化残差均方根（standardized root mean square residual,SRMR)=0.06，近似误差均方根（root-meansquare error of approximation,RMSEA)=0.06；效标关联效度较好，相关系数r=0.65,P<0.01。修订后量表的Cronbach’s α系数为0.92，对91人间隔两周的重测信度为0.83。该量表具有跨性别及跨年龄的等值性。对修订后量表的应用还显示，中老年人网络社会支持在性别、年龄和健康状况等人口学变量上的差异有统计学意义，且与心理幸福感各指标显著相关。结论 网络社会支持量表在中老年群体中具有良好的信效度和较好的适用性。</p
The Relationship between Addictive Use of Short-Video Platforms and Marital Satisfaction in Older Chinese Couples: An Asymmetrical Dyadic Process
No full textIncreasing evidence indicates that the addictive use of social media can have a detrimental effect on marital satisfaction, due mainly to the decrease in time and focus given to one's spouse. However, the impact of social media use among older couples remains under-investigated, and the research that does exist relies on individual-level data that do not allow the exploration of the dynamics between the dyadic partners. Therefore, the present study focused on older adults' use of short-video platforms, as these have been shown to be particularly addictive for older adults. A sample of 264 older couples was gathered (meanage = 68.02, SD = 8.68), and both spouses completed surveys reporting addictive use of short-video platforms, negative emotions, and marital satisfaction. Using an actor-partner interdependence model, we found an asymmetrical dyadic process in that the addictive use of short-video platforms by the wives was not only related to their own negative emotions, but also those of their spouse, as well as to decreased marital satisfaction. Meanwhile, addictive use by the husbands seemed to relate only to their own increased negative emotions, as well as to decreased marital satisfaction. Together, the findings from this study reveal dyadic dynamics with delineated pathways through which the addictive use of short-video platforms can damage older couples' interactive processes and marital satisfaction.</p
Does wealth equate to happiness? an 11-year panel data analysis exploring socio-economic indicators and social media metrics
No full textThe Easterlin paradox questions the link between economic growth and national well-being, emphasizing the necessity to explore the impact of economic elasticity, income inequality, and their temporal and spatial heterogeneity on subjective happiness. Despite the importance of these factors, few studies have examined them together, thus ongoing debates about the impact of economics on well-being persist. To fill this gap, our analysis utilizes 11 years of panel data from 31 provinces in China, integrating macroeconomic indicators and social media content to reassess the Easterlin paradox. We use GDP per capita and the Gini coefficient as proxies for economic growth and income inequality, respectively, to study their effects on the subjective well-being expressed by citizens on social media in mainland China. Our approach combines machine learning and fixed effects models to evaluate these relationships. Key findings include: (1) In temporal relationships, a 46.70% increase in GDP per capita implies a 0.38 increase in subjective well-being, while a 0.09 increase in the Gini coefficient means a 1.47 decrease in subjective well-being. (2) In spatial relationships, for every 46.70% increase in GDP per capita, subjective well-being rises by 0.51; however, this relationship is buffered by unfair distribution, and GDP per capita no longer significantly affects subjective well-being when the Gini index exceeds 0.609. This study makes a synthetic contribution to the debate on the Easterlin paradox, indicating that economic growth can enhance well-being if income inequality is kept below a certain level. Although these results are theoretically enlightening for the relationship between economics and national well-being globally, this study's sample comes from mainland China. Due to differences in cultural, economic, and political factors, further research is suggested to explore these dynamics globally.</p
THE IMPACT OF MINDFUL PARENTING ON PARENT-CHILD RELATIONSHIP: THE MEDIATING ROLE OF THE PSYCHOLOGICAL STRESS IN PARENTING
No full textEmpathic accuracy in individuals with schizotypal personality traits
No full textEmpirical research using the Empathic Accuracy Task (EAT) has suggested that schizophrenia patients and people with schizotypal personality disorder exhibit lower empathic accuracy than healthy people. However, empathic accuracy in a subclinical sample with high levels of schizotypy has seldom been studied. Our study aimed to investigate empathy in a subclinical sample using the Chinese version of the EAT and a self-report empathy measure. Forty participants with high levels of schizotypy (HS participants) and 40 with low levels of schizotypy (LS participants), as measured by the Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire (SPQ), were recruited. All participants completed the Chinese version of the EAT and the self-report Questionnaire of Cognitive and Affective Empathy. Empathic accuracy (EA) scores and the intra-individual variability of EA scores were calculated. Independent samples t tests and Pearson correlation analyses were performed to examine group differences in empathy and the relationship between empathy and schizotypy respectively. HS participants exhibited reduced EA for both positive and negative videos, and larger intra-individual variability of EA for negative videos than LS participants. However, HS and LS participants did not differ in self-report cognitive empathy. Moreover, the interpersonal dimension of the SPQ was negatively correlated with EAT performance and self-report cognitive empathy in LS participants. Individuals with HS show poorer performance-based EA but relatively intact self-report cognitive empathy. This study provides empirical evidence for the ontogeny of empathy deficits in subclinical populations at risk of developing schizophrenia, supporting early interventions for social cognitive deficits.</p
Causal role of the frontal eye field in attention-induced ocular dominance plasticity
No full textPrevious research has found that prolonged eye-based attention can bias ocular dominance. If one eye long-termly views a regular movie meanwhile the opposite eye views a backward movie of the same episode, perceptual ocular dominance will shift towards the eye previously viewing the backward movie. Yet it remains unclear whether the role of eye-based attention in this phenomenon is causal or not. To address this issue, the present study relied on both the functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) techniques. We found robust activation of the frontal eye field (FEF) and intraparietal sulcus (IPS) when participants were watching the dichoptic movie while focusing their attention on the regular movie. Interestingly, we found a robust effect of attention-induced ocular dominance shift when the cortical function of vertex or IPS was transiently inhibited by continuous theta burst stimulation (cTBS), yet the effect was significantly attenuated to a negligible extent when cTBS was delivered to FEF. A control experiment verified that the attenuation of ocular dominance shift after inhibitory stimulation of FEF was not due to any impact of the cTBS on the binocular rivalry measurement of ocular dominance. These findings suggest that the fronto-parietal attentional network is involved in controlling eye-based attention in the 'dichoptic-backward-movie' adaptation paradigm, and in this network, FEF plays a crucial causal role in generating the attention-induced ocular dominance shift.</p
Form perception is a cognitive correlate of the relation between subitizing ability and math performance
No full text"Subitizing" defines a phenomenon whereby approximately four items can be quickly and accurately processed. Studies have shown the close association between subitizing and math performance, however, the mechanism for the association remains unclear. The present study was conducted to investigate whether form perception assessed on a serial figure matching task is a potential non-numerical mechanism between subitizing ability and math performance. Three-hundred and seventy-three Chinese primary school students completed four kinds of dot comparison tasks, serial figure matching task, math performance tasks (including three arithmetic computation tasks and math word problem task), and other cognitive tasks as their general cognitive abilities were observed as covariates. A series of hierarchical regression analyses showed that after controlling for age, gender, nonverbal matrix reasoning, and visual tracking, subitizing comparison (subitizing vs. subitizing, subitizing vs. estimation) still contributed to simple addition or simple subtraction but not to complex subtraction ability or math word problem. After taking form perception as an additional control variable, the predictive power of different dot comparison conditions disappeared. A path model also showed that form perception fully mediates the relation between numerosity comparison (within and beyond the subitizing range) and arithmetic performance. These findings support the claim that form perception is a non-numerical cognitive correlate of the relation between subitizing ability and math performance (especially arithmetic computation).</p
Prevalence and risk factors of suicide attempts among Chinese elderly patients over 50 years with schizophrenia
No full textBackgroundSeveral research efforts have found that older schizophrenia patients are at higher risk for suicide. Related risk factors for suicide attempts in the elderly with schizophrenia are poorly understood. This study sought to assess the prevalence of suicide attempts and related risk variables in schizophrenia patients over the age of 50.MethodsWe recruited 591 elderly patients over the age of 50. Demographic, clinical and blood parameters of all patients were collected. Patients with schizophrenia were evaluated for psychopathological symptoms using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS).ResultsThe rate of suicide attempts among elderly Chinese schizophrenia patients was 15.2%. In these elderly schizophrenia patients, those who with suicide attempts had significantly higher scores for insomnia, depression and smoking addiction, and higher levels of red blood cells, Hc1 glycosylated hemoglobin and free T3, but significantly lower levels of hypersensitive C-reactive protein and -globulin. Binary logistic regression analysis showed that higher depression scores and smoking addiction were risk factors for suicide attempts in these patients. Additionally, multiple regression analyses showed that higher BMI and insomnia scores were associated with suicide risk scores in elderly schizophrenia patients.ConclusionsOur research shows that there is a high incidence of suicide attempts in people over 50 years of age with schizophrenia. A number of clinically relevant factors and metabolic markers are associated with suicide attempts among elderly patients with schizophrenia.</p
Effect of father-child rough-and-tumble play on children's social competence:moderating role of children's gender
No full text目的 探讨父子打闹游戏质量与学龄前期儿童社会能力的关系，以及儿童性别的调节效应。方法 采用父母游戏与照顾问卷（parental play and care questionnaire, PPCQ）、幼儿社会能力与行为评定量表（social competence and behavior evaluation, SCBE-30）、自编人口学问卷对3～6岁学龄前期儿童的801对父母，共1 602人进行调查。结果 相关分析表明，父子打闹游戏质量与儿童社会能力呈显著正相关（r=0.15,P<0.01）。儿童性别在父子打闹游戏质量与儿童社会能力之间的调节作用显著。父子打闹游戏质量对女孩社会能力的预测作用显著（β=0.26,P<0.001）；父子打闹游戏质量并不能显著预测男孩的社会能力（β=0.06,P=0.16）。结论 儿童性别调节了父子打闹游戏质量对学龄前期儿童社会能力的影响。</p
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