Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences
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危机面前，除了守规矩，更要懂人心
No full text<正>近日，K1373次列车“砸窗”事件在网络空间引发热议。在高温、封闭、信息匮乏的环境中，一扇车窗被乘客打碎，舆论也由此迅速发酵。据广铁长沙客运段发布的情况说明，7月2日20时28分许，K1373次客车机车脱线；21时许，列车工作人员将各车厢乘务间、厕所等80余个气窗全部打开通风降温；21时20分，车内温度为31度左右，3号车厢一名50多岁女性旅客反映头晕；22时4分许，3号车厢一名男性旅客擅自取下消防安全锤砸车窗，致一块车窗玻璃被砸破；23时11分许，列车空调恢复运行。</p
Development and application of mobile phone video addiction scale for college students
No full text目的 编制大学生手机视频成瘾量表并检验其心理测量特性。方法 参考手机成瘾相关量表以及通过半结构化访谈编制初始题目。以591名大学生为样本进行初测，进行项目分析与探索性因素分析;以另外726名大学生为样本进行验证性因素分析，其中161名大学生间隔3周后重测考察重测信度。以2756名大学生为样本检验其效标效度，考察手机视频成瘾与网络社交媒体障碍、冲动性、抑郁、焦虑的关系。结果 正式量表包含18个条目共6个维度。验证性因素分析表明量表结构效度良好（χ2/df=3.565,GFI=0.935,IFI=0.913,CFI=0.912,RMSEA=0.059）。量表的Cronbach's α系数为0.850，重测信度为0.624。与网络社交媒体障碍、冲动性、抑郁和焦虑的相关系数分别为0.583、0.415、0.391、0.335。冲动性分别在抑郁和手机视频成瘾、焦虑和手机视频成瘾之间起部分中介作用。结论 该量表有良好的信度和效度，可用于测量大学生的手机视频成瘾水平。</p
Workplace Telepressure and Job Burnout:A Moderated Mediation Model
No full text目的 探讨职场通讯压力通过情感反刍对工作倦怠的影响机制以及特质性自我调节的调节机制。方法 通过问卷星平台向某国企物流企业全职员工进行匿名问卷调查，共收到有效问卷1105份，并进行数据分析。结果 （1）职场通讯压力与工作倦怠呈显著正相关；（2）情感反刍在职场通讯压力和工作倦怠之间起部分中介作用；（3）特质性自我调节分别负向调节了职场通讯压力与工作倦怠的关系、情感反刍与工作倦怠的关系。结论 职场通讯压力通过情感反刍影响工作倦怠，且特质性自我调节在职场通讯压力、情感反刍和工作倦怠中起到调节作用。</p
Chain mediating role of mindfulness and educational anxiety between social-oriented perfectionismand parental burnout among parents of primary and secondary school students
No full text目的 了解中小学生家长养育倦怠现状，分析中小学生家长完美主义不同维度对养育倦怠的影响，检验正念、教育焦虑在社会导向完美主义与养育倦怠之间的链式中介作用是否成立。方法 2023年6—7月使用HEWITT多维完美主义量表（Hewitt multidimensional perfectionism scale,HMPS）、养育倦怠量表（parental burnout assessment,PBA）、正念注意觉知量表（mindfulness attention awareness scale,MAAS）、教育焦虑量表在山东省东营市、泰安市等地区10所中小学采取方便抽样的方法进行问卷调查，并对数据进行分析。结果 山东省2个城市10所中小学家长社会导向完美主义、养育倦怠、正念、教育焦虑得分分别为（25.81±6.04）、（51.02±31.32）、（68.15±14.70）和（47.10±15.37）分。该群体中小学生母亲养育倦怠发生率为7.19%，父亲养育倦怠的发生率为4.44%；社会导向完美主义与养育倦怠、教育焦虑之间呈显著的正相关（r=0.336、0.245，均P<0.01），与正念呈显著负相关（r=-0.302,P<0.01）。养育倦怠与教育焦虑呈显著正相关（r=0.294,P<0.01），与正念呈显著负相关（r=-0.636,P<0.01）。正念与教育焦虑呈显著负相关（r=-0.259,P<0.01），正念和教育焦虑均在社会导向完美主义和养育倦怠间起中介作用，前者的中介效应值为0.186，占总效应的51.667%，后者的中介效应值为0.017，占总效应的4.722%；正念与养育倦怠在社会导向完美主义和养育倦怠间起链式中介作用，链式中介效应值为0.009，占总效应的2.500%。结论 中小学生家长社会导向完美主义通过正念与教育焦虑的链式中介作用间接对养育倦怠产生影响，可以正向预测养育倦怠。</p
Functional connectivity of semantic and default mode networks during narrative comprehension
No full textUnderstanding narratives requires at least transient access to the semantic system, to decode incoming content, and prolonged access to the default mode network to maintain and manipulate the narrative model. Subregions within the integrative semantic hubs in bilateral anterior temporal lobe appear differentially sensitive to the need to rapidly decode external input (exogenous processing) versus reflecting on context stored in the narrative model (endogenous processing). The latter is most consistently reported in the middle temporal gyrus portion of the hub, suggesting that this region serves as a critical hinge point, dynamically interacting with the default mode network to facilitate endogenous processing. The present study investigated this by characterizing the functional connectivity profiles of anterior temporal lobe subregions during movie-viewing and examining content-evoked changes in these profiles. Compared to other anterior temporal lobe subregions, middle temporal gyrus was more functionally connected to the default mode network, and these connections were strengthened during moments with limited incoming information, providing viewers with a chance to reflect on the content. Rather than being functionally distinct networks, the semantic and default mode systems dynamically interact to facilitate reflection or endogenous semantic processing. Future work should further characterize how neural systems dynamically shift from integrated to segregated states in response to everyday processing demands
Patterns of adversity childhood experiences from family, peers, and teachers in Chinese adolescents and emerging adults
No full textFamily, peers, and teachers are significant influences in the lives of most individuals. This study examines the differential associations of adversity childhood experiences from family, peers, and teachers with complex posttraumatic stress disorder (CPTSD) symptoms and posttraumatic growth (PTG) in Chinese adolescents and emerging adults. This study involved a total of 5,477 adolescents and 3,995 emerging adults in China, surveyed on two occasions. Participants completed questionnaires assessing family adversity, peer victimization, and teacher maltreatment at T1, as well as CPTSD symptoms and PTG at T2. Four distinct profiles were identified among adolescents: "low risk," "family adversity," "peer adversity," and "multiple adversities," while four profiles emerged among emerging adults: "low risk," "family adversity," "teacher-peer adversity," and "multiple adversities." Both adolescents and emerging adults in the "low risk" group reported the lowest levels of CPTSD symptoms and the highest levels of PTG. Conversely, among adolescents, the "multiple adversities" and "peer adversity" groups showed the highest CPTSD symptoms, while the "family adversity" group reported the lowest PTG. Among emerging adults, the "multiple adversities" had the highest CPTSD symptoms, and both "multiple adversities" and "family adversity" groups showed the lowest PTG. The study highlights the differential impact of distinct adversity childhood experience sources on CPTSD symptoms and PTG in Chinese adolescents and emerging adults
An open dataset of Chinese duration expressions
No full textDuration information is essential for understanding and analyzing our world. In textual contexts, duration information is typically conveyed in two formats: numeric (e.g., 1 hour) and verbal (e.g., shortly). To analyze duration information in text, it is crucial to understand how people map duration expressions to corresponding numerical duration. However, the literature has yet to provide lexicons supporting such conversion. Furthermore, existing databases of time-related expressions often lack information about word frequency - a robust predictor of information processing. This article reports an open dataset of 2,101 Chinese duration expressions, each annotated with its corresponding numerical duration. To obtain high-quality data for word frequency, we obtained the frequency of each duration expression from a large-scale corpus of 10 billion Chinese characters (BLCU Corpus Center (BCC) Corpus) and computed an adjusted frequency for each expression. This dataset provides a valuable resource for research on temporal information in Chinese, facilitating studies in natural language processing, psychology, and linguistics
Social skills interventions for children and adolescents with high-functioning autism spectrum disorder: a narrative review
No full textBackground and Objective: Deficits in social skills are the major symptoms of high-functioning autism spectrum disorder (HFASD). Recently, various intervention methods targeting social skills of children and adolescents with HFASD have been developed. This study reviews related articles published within the last decade to provide a better understanding of the status and limitations of research in this field. Methods: The Education Resources Information Center, Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection, PsycINFO, PubMed, and Web of Science databases were used to search for peer-reviewed studies published between January 1, 2014 and July 13, 2024. After reasonable deletion exclusion criteria, 39 studies on social skills interventions for children and adolescents with HFASD were summarized. Key Content and Findings: Twenty-one intervention methods were examined in 39 studies. Four categories emerged according to the basic theories and implementation procedures of these 21 methods: methods rooted in cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), naturalistic intervention (NI), art therapy, and miscellaneous methods. Studies on methods based on CBT and NI have provided substantial evidence of the effectiveness of these two categories. Art therapy has also gained some empirical support, but not enough for an adequate conclusion. Miscellaneous methods lack sufficient empirical support, with most implemented without a control group. Moreover, only 10 among the 21 methods used randomized controlled trials, and the sample size of most studies was small. Conclusions: We recommend methods based on CBT and NI when practitioners and caregivers select intervention methods for children and adolescents with HFASD. Further research with a larger sample size and a more rigorous design is necessary to validate the effectiveness of art therapy and miscellaneous methods
Image-based meta-and mega-analysis (IBMMA): A unified framework for large-scale, multi-site, neuroimaging data analysis
No full textThe increasing scale and complexity of neuroimaging datasets aggregated from multiple study sites present substantial analytic challenges, as existing statistical analysis tools struggle to handle missing voxel-data, suffer from limited computational speed and inefficient memory allocation, and are restricted in the types of statistical designs they are able to model. We introduce Image-Based Meta-& Mega-Analysis (IBMMA), a novel software package implemented in R and Python that provides a unified framework for analyzing diverse neuroimaging features, efficiently handles large-scale datasets through parallel processing, offers flexible statistical modeling options, and properly manages missing voxel-data commonly encountered in multi-site studies. IBMMA successfully analyzed a large-n dataset of several thousand participants and revealed findings in brain regions that some traditional software overlooked due to missing voxel-data resulting in gaps in brain coverage. IBMMA has the potential to accelerate discoveries in neuroscience and enhance the clinical utility of neuroimaging findings
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