Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences
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The Influence of Individualism and Collectivism on Fertility Intentions: A Moderated Mediation Model
No full text人类社会生存和发展的两大基础是物质再生产和人口再生产。而近年来，“人口负增长”、“少子化”与“低生育陷阱”等话题日益引发关注，折射出中国乃至全球面临的日益严峻的生育形势。现有研究多从社会客观因素分析，从经济、政策、制度、人口等方面探讨生育意愿，而从心理层面特别是文化心理角度深入分析的研究较少。
本研究基于文化心理学视角，从全球跨文化、中国文化及美国文化三个视角出发，结合全球公开数据库和问卷调查，系统考察个体主义与集体主义对生育意愿的影响，并检验子女价值在其中的中介作用和传统性别观念认同度的调节效应。
研究一对 WVS 7（世界价值观调查第七轮）全球数据进行分析初步建立假设模型；研究二对 554 名中国被试进行问卷调查，进一步验证研究模型在中国文化下的适用性，研究三对 200 名美国被试进行问卷调查，验证了研究模型在美国文化下的适用性，通过以上三项研究，得到以下结论：
集体主义显著正向预测生育意愿。个体主义对生育意愿的预测作用不稳定。
2、子女价值在集体主义和生育意愿之间起中介作用：子女价值中的传统价值、家庭价值、情感价值维度在集体主义和生育意愿之间起中介作用。
3、传统性别观念认同度调节集体主义和子女价值的关系：工作层面传统性别观念认同度负向调节集体主义和和子女价值的关系；家庭层面传统性别观念认同度正向调节集体主义和子女价值的关系。
4、传统性别观念认同度调节子女价值在集体主义和生育意愿之间的中介作用强度：工作层面传统性别观念认同度负向调节子女价值在集体主义和生育意愿之间的中介作用强度；家庭层面传统性别观念正向调节子女价值在集体主义和生育意愿之间的中介作用强度。
三项研究分别从全球跨文化、中国文化和美国文化三个不同角度，共同验证了个体主义和集体主义对生育意愿的预测作用，并通过子女价值的中介作用间接预测生育意愿，以及传统性别观念认同度在其中的调节作用。本研究提示了在制定鼓励生育政策时，应重视文化心理机制，通过强化集体主义导向、增强个体对子女价值中传统价值、家庭价值和情感价值维度的认同，同时积极推进工作场合的传统性别观念的转变，从而提高生育意愿。</p
Fertility-Related Worries and Fertility Ouality of Life in Infertile Women:The Mediating Role of Distress Disclosure
No full text本研究基于我国生育率持续下降的宏观背景，积极响应国家构建生育友好型社会的战略需求，探讨不孕症女性群体面临的心理健康挑战。随着辅助生殖技术的不断发展，不孕症女性的临床妊娠率得到显著提升，但其心理健康问题，特别是生育忧虑对生活质量的影响机制尚未得到充分探讨。本研究旨在探索不孕症女性生育忧虑与生育生活质量之间的内在作用机制及痛苦表露的中介作用。为此，本研究旨在考察不孕症女性生育忧虑与生育生活质量之间的关系，并检验痛苦表露在其中的中介作用。在研究开展前，首先对痛苦表露量表进行汉化与信效度检验，为后续机制研究奠定方法学基础。
研究分为两个阶段。研究一遵循跨文化调适规范，对英文版痛苦表露量表进行中文修订，在北京市两家三级甲等医院生殖中心招募不孕症女性作为研究对象，通过随机分半进行探索性与验证性因子分析。结果显示，中文版痛苦表露量表结构清晰，信效度良好，适用于评估中国不孕症女性的痛苦表露水平。研究二采用横断面调查设计，对389名不孕症女性施测，使用中文版痛苦表露量表、生育压力量表与生育生活质量量表收集数据，检验痛苦表露对在生育忧虑与生育生活质量间的中介效应。
结果表明，不孕症女性的生育生活质量处于中等水平。在控制年龄、居住地等变量后，偏相关分析显示:生育忧虑与生育生活质量呈显著负相关，与痛苦表露呈负相关，痛苦表露则与生育生活质量呈正相关。中介效应分析进一步表明，生育忧虑不仅直接负向预测生育生活质量，还通过痛苦表露产生间接效应，支持痛苦表露的部分中介作用。
本研究开发了适用于中国不孕症女性的痛苦表露评估工具，并验证了痛苦表露在生育忧虑与生育生活质量之间的部分中介机制，揭示了生育忧虑影响生活质量的内在心理路径。研究结果不仅深化了对不孕症女性心理适应过程的理论理解也为临床心理干预提供了实证依据。未来可基于此机制，发展整合生育忧虑管理与表露促进的双模式干预策略，以提升不孕症女性的心理健康与生活质量，为我国生育支持政策体系的完善提供参考。</p
The Impact of Exercise on Physical and Mental Health of Drug Addicts A Randomized Controlled Trial Protocol
No full textBackground: With the continuous growth of the number of drug users worldwide, drug problems have become a serious challenge to public health and social security. Long-Term drug abuse damages the body functions and immunity of drug addicts, and can also cause many psychological problems. Previous studies have shown the benefits of exercise in improving the physical and mental health of drug abusers, but there are insufficient studies on the effect of different forms of exercise. Methods/Design: This study aims to design a three-group randomized controlled trial to examine the effects of traditional tai chi and modern physical exercise on the health of drug users. The total sample size is 90, with 30 for each group based on the calculation of G∗Power. Participants will be randomly assigned to two intervention groups (Tai Chi group, physical training group) and one control group. Physical fitness, mental health, cognitive function, and relapse inclination will be assessed in all participants at baseline (pre-intervention) and after 8 months (post-intervention). We will use R statistical software to analyze test data. The expected result is that both the Tai Chi group and the physical training group will have an improvement in drug addicts' physical and mental health, but the effects are different. Discussion: This study will provide comprehensive and valuable empirical evidence for exercise program selection to improve drug addicts' health in the future.</p
Measuring Variation in Gaze Following Across Communities, Ages, and Individuals: A Showcase of TANGO-CC (Task for Assessing iNdividual differences in Gaze understanding-Open-Cross-Cultural)
No full textCross-cultural studies are crucial for investigating the cultural variability and universality of cognitive developmental processes. However, cross-cultural assessment tools in cognition across languages and communities are limited. In this article, we describe a gaze-following task designed to measure basic social cognition across individuals, ages, and communities (the Task for Assessing iNdividual differences in Gaze understanding-Open-Cross-Cultural; TANGO-CC). The task was developed and psychometrically assessed in one cultural setting and, with input of local collaborators, adapted for cross-cultural data collection. Minimal language demands and the web-app implementation allow fast and easy contextual adaptations to each community. TANGO-CC captures individual- and community-level variation and shows good internal consistency in a data set of 2.5- to 11-year-old children from 17 diverse communities. Within-communities variation outweighed between-communities variation. We provide an open-source website for researchers to customize and use the task (https://ccp-odc.eva.mpg.de/tango-cc). TANGO-CC can be used to assess basic social cognition in diverse communities and provides a roadmap for researching community-level and individual-level differences across cultures.</p
Self-esteem and problematic mobile social media use among Chinese adolescents: Adolescent social anxiety as a mediator
No full textThis study investigated the association between self-esteem and problematic mobile social media use (PMSMU) in junior high school students, along with the mediating effect of adolescent social anxiety. The sample comprised 697 junior high school students from China, who completed the Self-Esteem Scale, the Social Anxiety Scale for Adolescents, and the Adolescent Problematic Mobile Social Media Use Scale. The results showed that self-esteem was negatively associated with PMSMU among adolescents, and social anxiety partially mediated this relationship. Participants with high levels of self-esteem tended to experience low levels of social anxiety, which, in turn, reduced their vulnerability to PMSMU. By elucidating the relationships between self-esteem, social anxiety, and PMSMU, this research has advanced existing theoretical frameworks, providing insights for developing targeted mental health programs and responsible social media use interventions for adolescents
Frontoparietal network mediates the antidepressant effects of accelerated iTBS and cTBS: TMS-EEG study
No full textAccelerated intermittent and continuous theta burst stimulation (a-iTBS and a-cTBS) show strong efficacy for treatment-resistant depression (TRD), yet their neural mechanisms remain unclear. This study uses concurrent transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and electroencephalography (TMS-EEG) to examine these mechanisms in 40 TRD patients and 40 healthy controls (HCs). TRD individuals demonstrate abnormal local cortical excitability at baseline, characterized by left hypoactivity and right disinhibition. A-iTBS increases left excitability, and a-cTBS increases right inhibition, and both normalize it to the level of HCs. Network analyses reveal that a-iTBS improves current propagation to the left inferior parietal lobule (IPL), correlating with a better antidepressant effect. Contrastingly, a-cTBS induces a widespread inhibition as indicated by current propagation over parietal cortices, with the left IPL being most prominent, and this also correlates with a better antidepressant effect. These findings outline the frontoparietal circuitry in TMS antidepressant effects and provide insights for optimizing treatment efficacy. This study was registered at the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR2200055320).</p
Network structure of reward sensitivity and its temporal interactions with depression: a cross-lagged panel network analysis
No full textBackground Reward sensitivity plays a crucial role in shaping emotional and behavioural responses, yet its internal structure and dynamic interplay with depression remain underexplored. This study systematically examined the network structure of reward sensitivity and its associations with depression using a network analysis framework.Methods Based on two waves of data (T1: N = 1,136, Mage = 14.33, 52.46% female; T2: N = 1,083, Mage = 14.32, 52.82% female), we constructed multiple cross-sectional and bridge networks, as well as a cross-lagged panel network model (CLPN).Results (1) Cross-sectional network analysis reveals that positive feedback serves as the core node in the depression group, while hobbies dominate in the healthy group; (2) bridging network analysis identifies hobbies and positive affect as key bridging nodes linking reward sensitivity and depression; (3) CLPN analysis demonstrates that greater engagement in hobbies at baseline significantly predicts lower levels of depression 6 months later.Conclusions This study provided a novel network perspective on the structural and temporal characteristics of reward sensitivity in depression. The findings underscored the importance of targeting specific reward types in intervention strategies and personalised mental health approaches.</p
Perceived residential environment quality, emotional experience, and sense of community among the retired people in China
No full textPerceived residential environment quality (PREQ) plays a crucial role in the aging process and quality of life of older adults, particularly in relation to their sense of community (SOC) and desire to age in place. This study aims to explore the impact of PREQ on SOC among retired residents, examining both the mediating role of emotions and the moderating effect of length of residence (LOR). A questionnaire survey was conducted with a sample of 1,158 retired community residents aged 50 years and older. The Chinese version of the perceived residential environment quality indicators (PREQIs) was used to assess the overall residential environment quality, including architectural and urban planning aspects, socio-relational aspects, functional aspects, and contextual aspects. The results revealed that PREQ and its sub-dimensions are generally positively correlated with SOC, with positive and negative emotional experiences mediating the relationship between PREQ and SOC. Furthermore, LOR was identified as a moderator in the link between PREQ and SOC, to some extent. Firstly, the findings reaffirm the significant role of comprehensive and specific community living environments in the emotional well-being and sense of community among retired residents. Secondly, for policymakers and stakeholders, the findings hold practical implications for actively coping with the aging issue and constructing age-friendly communities.</p
Crosswalk between HRSD and MADRS outcomes for rTMS in patients with depression
No full textBackground The Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HRSD) and the Montgomery-& Aring;sberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) are the two most common clinician-rated scales to quantify depression symptom change in repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) trials. However, it is unclear how the values of one scale translate to the other. Being able to translate scores between these scales could allow for aggregating rTMS clinical trial data. Methods Clinical data from two randomised rTMS clinical trials (FOURD and CARTBIND, total N=380) were pooled. We used five crosswalk models: (1) a pharmacotherapy equipercentile model, (2) an rTMS equipercentile model, (3) a linear regression model, (4) a random forest (RF) regression model and (5) a support vector regression (SVR) model. Model performance was benchmarked using the root mean square error (RMSE). Results The linear regression model demonstrated the best performance (RMSE: 2.66-4.82), though the SVR model's performance was slightly worse but comparable (RMSE: 2.69-5.32). The RF regression model generally performed worst (RMSE: 2.70-5.20). The rTMS equipercentile model's performance was intermediate (RMSE: 2.69-5.32) in the primary analysis but achieved superior performance and demonstrated less bias in the additional analysis. Interpretation MADRS and HRSD scores from rTMS trials can be accurately converted between each other. The optimal model was the newly developed equipercentile model, though the results of the SVR model were promising. Nevertheless, independent external replication is required to demonstrate the external validity of these findings.</p
Temporal context modulates the recovery of the attentional blink
No full textHumans usually adjust their attentional mode to tackle the challenges posed by environmental inputs. Depending on the uncertainty level, different attentional strategies may be adopted. As people face increasingly complicated daily situations-e.g., driving a car or chatting online-where intervals between significant events do not necessarily follow certain rules but are likely random, it appears important to understand how temporal contexts with different uncertainty levels affect temporal attention allocation when processing rapid serial inputs. We pursued this issue by employing a task examining the temporal limit of attention-the attentional blink (AB). The manipulation of temporal context was achieved by presenting trials with different inter-target intervals following either a "random-walk" or a "random" sequence. The results suggest a facilitated recovery from the AB deficit in the "random" compared to "random-walk" context, without a corresponding change in AB magnitude. Such effect is likely attributed to the higher perceived uncertainty in the former, and could be attenuated by a decrease in the temporal uncertainty level. These observations suggest that observers likely adopted a more flexible temporal attention allocation in the more unpredictable "random" context; they also support non-overlapping mechanisms responsible for AB width/duration and amplitude or lag-1 sparing. The flexibility of temporal attentional control may provide an evolutionary advantage for organisms to deal with unpredictable changes and is likely to be exploited for reference in the design of human-machine interacting platforms.</p
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