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保育者としての経験にもとづく保育研究の方法論的検討 : 「 オートエスノグラフィー」と「エピソード記述」を中心に
No full textThis study aims to offer methodological suggestions for childcare research based on the experience as a childcare provider, through an analysis of methods reported in earlier research, particularly that using Autoethnography and episodic descriptions. This study was conducted, because while the research value of what can be sensed only by being present in childcare settings as a childcare provider has been recognized, various doubts about the method have been expressed. The research methods are classified into four categories whose methodological characteristics and associated issues are examined to identify problems in the research based on the author’s own experience as a childcare provider. First, when writing intersubjectively, the relationship between descriptors and research collaborators is important; second, when writing subjectively, it is necessary to distance oneself as a researcher from subjectivity as a childcare provider to avoid becoming self-righteous; and third, it is necessary to clearly state why it is academically significant to base research on the experience as a childcare provider. Although the fact that the researcher is also the analyst raises concerns regarding the self-righteousness of childcare research based on childcare providers’ experiences, new possibilities for childcare research are revealed, including analyses taking advantage of the identity of the researcher and analyst and the physicality of being a childcare provider.本研究は，日本子ども社会学会第29回において発表したものを加筆，修正したものである
Catalytic activity of Nb-doped α-Fe2O3—Heterojunction structure, ferrimagnet-like character, and high activity
No full textPhotocatalytic activity of α-Fe2O3 under visible light had been studied intensively. Rapid electron-hole recombination is the main drawback of α-Fe2O3 and the photocatalytic activity can be enhanced by transition metal doping and heterojunction structure. In the present study, α-Fe2O3 doped with various amounts of Nb were synthesized using a simple sol–gel method, and further characterization and catalytic activity were investigated. PXRD, TEM-EDS and Mössbauer measurement showed the formation of weak-ferromagnetic Nb-doped α-Fe2O3 and FeNbO4, where heterojunction structure was suggested. UV–vis spectrum showed a broad absorption in visible-light regions with a narrow band gap between 2.27 and 2.97 eV. Photo-Fenton reaction using α-Fe2O3 to decompose methylene blue (MB) was conducted to evaluate the catalytic activity. Nb-doped sample showed a significant improvement compared with pure α-Fe2O3. PXRD and Mössbauer spectroscopy revealed the α-Fe2O3 and FeNbO4 phases, which were attached to a magnet due to the ferrimagentic character of Nb-doped α-Fe2O3. The high catalytic activity with k value 7.1 * 10−2/min was obtained for 7.4Nb600. Higher catalytic activity was also observed for 20Nb600 and 40Nb600, which were driven by higher surface area, Nb substitution and heterojunction structure. Mechanistic analysis revealed that the primary reaction of MB decomposition is the Photo-Fenton process
萩藩前期における戦国軍記編纂
No full textIn this paper, I analyzed the five volumes of “Sengoku Gunki”, which share the same size and mounting style and were completed during the era of Hidenari Mori, the first lord of the Hagi han, which remains in the MoriKe Bunko (Yamaguchi Prefectural Archives). Considering the time of production, the reason for production, the characteristics of the content, etc., the common points and differences were clarified. Each book has the character of a memoir of an old retainer, a book discussing past wars, and a lesson book. In the Hagi domain, many Sengoku Gunki were created from the Genna era to the early Kanei era, and it is speculated that behind this was the intention of his father, Terumoto, to cultivate the historical awareness necessary for Hidenari. I also paid attention to the differences in how each Sengoku Gunki describes the history
EinsteinのA係数とB係数
Get PDF物質による光の吸収や放出(発光)について学ぼうとすると，例外なくEinsteinのA係数とB係数に遭遇する。A係数は励起状態にある分子(原子も含む)の発光しやすさの定量的尺度であり，励起分子が数密度n*(単位：m^−3)で存在するとき，A係数とn*との積A・n*が単位時間，単位体積あたりに光を自然放出する分子の数(単位：m^−3⋅s^−1)，つまり，単位時間，単位体積あたりに放出される光子の数を与える。一方，B係数は光の吸収しやすさの尺度であるが，数密度n(単位：m^−3)で存在する分子に光が照射されるとき，単位時間，単位体積あたりに光を吸収する分子の数がB・nで表されるかというと，そうではない。正しくは，B・ρ・nであり，分光放射エネルギー密度ρが必要となる。まず，ρの単位について考えると，エネルギー密度という名称であるからJ⋅m^−3 という単位をもつと考えてしまいがちであるが，これは誤りである。たとえば，ρの代表例であるPlanckの式ρ(ν)の単位はJ⋅m^−3⋅sであり，時間sが含まれる。そこで，エネルギーの密度という名称なのになぜ時間が入ってくるのか，「単位体積あたりのエネルギー×時間」とは何なのか，などなど疑問があふれ出てくることになる。また，Bについては，単位J⋅m^−3⋅sをもつρとの積でs^−1という単位を与えるから単位J^−1⋅m^3⋅s^−2をもつことは間違いないが，物理量の意味を想像できるような単位ではないので，途方に暮れてしまうことになる。本書は，ρの単位に関する疑問を解き，EinsteinのA係数とB係数の中身および係数同士の関係，さらに，光吸収断面積(吸光係数)とEinstein係数との関係を理解するために書かれたmonographである。第7版第8