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Medial meniscus extrusion during gait is associated with decrease in knee rotation in early-stage knee osteoarthritis
No full textBackground
In patients with medial knee osteoarthritis (OA), medial meniscus extrusion during gait is aggravated by mechanical stress, such as knee adduction moment (KAM). Conversely, the decrease in the range of knee rotation during stance phase is also one of the important issues in early knee OA, whereas the correlation between medial meniscus extrusion and knee rotation during gait are unclear.
Research question
To investigate the correlation between increase in medial meniscus extrusion and range of knee rotation during gait in patients with early- and late-stage of knee OA.
Methods
Forty patients with medial knee OA were enrolled and divided into early- and late-OA group by Kellgren-Lawrence grading scale. During gait tasks, the extent of medial meniscus extrusion was measured using ultrasonography and kinetic/kinematic data were measured using three-dimensional motion analysis system. The correlation between medial meniscus extrusion and the range of knee rotation or KAM were evaluated in the overall, early-, and late- OA groups.
Results
A significant negative correlation was observed between an increase in medial meniscus extrusion and range of knee rotation angle in early-OA group only. However, an increase in medial meniscus extrusion significantly correlated with the second KAM peak in the overall and early-OA groups.
Significance
The decrease in range of knee rotation during stance phase may be associated with the increase in medial meniscus extrusion during gait in patients with early knee OA.This study was supported by Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) [grant numbers: JP21K111915, JP23K165410]
A novel pulse-jet cleaning method to effectively extend the lifetime of pleated filter and reduce dust emission
No full textTo solve the problem of poor cleaning effect of pleated filter, this study explored in detail the impact of various cleaning method on the filtration and cleaning performance of the filter media in clean-on-demand mode. Furthermore, the clogging mechanism of the filter and the deposition structure of dust on the filter media were analyzed based on the effective filtration area ratio and true resistance coefficient calculated by the proposed model. The results demonstrated that for the constant pulse-jet cleaning pressure (PJCP), increasing PJCP was more conducive to removing dust deposited on the filter media and improving regeneration efficiency, although higher PJCP increased power consumption. Different from the thick primary dust layer formed on the filter surface under the constant PJCP of 0.3 MPa, the dust was mainly deposited inside the filter media under the constant PJCP of 0.5 and 0.7 MPa. In contrast, stepwise increasing PJCP was more effective in cleaning and regenerating the filter media, which was reflected in further extending the filter lifetime, increasing the processing air volume and reducing the dust emission concentration with acceptable energy consumption. Moreover, the filter media mainly clogged itself and formed a medium thickness primary dust layer on the filter surface.This work was partially supported by the Committee for Dust Collection Technology of the Association of Powder Process Industry and Engineering, Japan (APPIE). The first author express gratitude for the financial support provided by the China Scholarship Council (No. 202006080096) during his visit to Hiroshima University
歳差運動の物理学
Get PDF分子分光学におけるHund's caseの解説の中で必ず出てくるのが,電子軌道角運動量Lやスピン角運動量Sの分子軸まわりの歳差運動の話である。多くの本で,各case間の相違が,「各角運動量の分子軸方向への"カップリング"の程度の違い」として表現されているが,そもそもこのカップリングというものが一体何かということが,分光学のバイブルともいえるHerzbergの本あたりでもあまり明確に表現されていない。Bingelのテキストは,分子軸まわりの歳差運動の周波数の大小関係という切り口で,(Herzbergよりも)丁寧に物理的な説明を与えており,比較的理解しやすいものであるが,カップリングの由来に関する説明は十分なものではない。さらに,LやSの分子軸まわりの歳差運動の他に,分子軸自身の全角運動量まわりの歳差運動の周波数もHund's caseの決定に必要な材料となるが,この周波数の出所・導出も明記されていない。例えば,分子軸まわりの角運動量がP_zであれば,その軸まわりの回転周波数は|P_z|/(2πI_A)ではないかと考えてしまうが,実はこれは誤りであり,Herzberg自身も「not simply |P_z|/(2πI_A)」と注意を付けた上で,(1/2π)((1)/(I_A)-(1)/(I_B))Pzであると書いている(Vol. II, p 23)。さらに,分子軸が全角運動量ベクトルのまわりを歳差運動する周波数が|P|/(2πI_B)で与えられるとも書いているが,なぜ全角運動量を分子軸に垂直な慣性モーメント(I_B)だけが担っている運動量であるかのように計算してよいのか,という点に関する説明はなく,読者は戸惑うことになる。本書は,上記のポイントの理解を助けるために書かれたmonographである。第18版第1
「広島大学と広大附属福山の生徒がともに未来の医療を創るプロジェクト」の実施とその教育効果に関する研究
No full textThe "Hiroshima University and Hiroshima University High School, Fukuyama Students to Create Future Medical Care Projects" is a collaborative project with the Translational Research Center (TRC) of Hiroshima University. The collaboration between a university and a university-affiliated school on TR looks groundbreaking even from a global perspective. This project focuses on medical equipment and asks students to create a need statement (a single sentence to summarize problem, population and outcome). Hiroshima University High School, Fukuyama has been involved in the WWL (World Wide Learning) Consortium Construction Support Project (a research and development project for the construction of an individualized and optimal learning environment) supported by Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT), under the management of Hiroshima University. The theme of this project is "The construction of an individualized and optimal learning environment centered on a problem inquiry learning program that fosters a consciousness of being involved party." Creating a need statement is an experience for students to develop a consciousness of being involved party, in which they formulate questions and set issues while assuming someone's distress or difficulty and imagining a situation in which it can be resolved. This project suggested that students can develop a consciousness of being involved party by discovering issues through empathy, and that they can deepen their understanding of their own connection to society and deepen their self-reflection by considering solutions based on concrete and realistic assumptions of distress and difficulty
Mexico-Japan Technical and Academic Exchange Program in Transition: Challenges and issues of interculturality
No full textOur principal objective is to explore if interculturality is relevant for the success of a bilateral student mobility program, Mexico-Japan Technical and Academic Exchange Program (MJTAEP). First, the authors explain their methodology and objectives of field work. Second, they situate their analysis within a framework of growing academic cooperation, common ends, and variability, depending on national objectives. Third, they consider the motivations/aspirations of Mexican fellowship holders, as stated by respondents to an electronic survey (106), as well as in-depth interviews (21). The authors look specifically at the quality of courses aimed at providing linguistic, cultural, and technical tools to the Mexican grantees. Two topics are evaluated in detail: (1) the drivers and obstacles of academic integration of Mexicans in Japanese universities, and (2) the acquisition of hard and soft skills (relationships with sensei, alumni or administrative officers and knowledge/proficiency requirements) to facilitate student incorporation in the host society and institutions.We thank to the support provided by the Fund for Promotion of International Research, KAKENHI, Japan (Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research) to the bilateral research project coordinated by Mg. Kyoko Tanaka (Nagoya University, Japan)
Legislation, Legal Development and Anomie in Plato’s Philosophy of Law
No full textIn his Socratic dialogues, Plato seeks to vindicate the memory of Socrates by showing that Socrates’ behaviour provides the model that the virtuous citizen ought to follow in his relationship with his state and its laws. Socrates offers a clear example of the consistency of the function of the common citizen with that of the wise man. In this respect, the possibility of a science of legal dynamics appears to be a subsidiary issue. If, however, one considers the fact that, according to Plato, the legal order is largely dependent on its acceptance by the ordinary citizen, one can argue that the Socratic dialogues contain hints of a theory of legal development. The purpose of the present paper is to explore and comment on Plato’s views on legal development as a key element of social development, with particular attention being paid to his works Apology of Socrates and Crito. Although the focus of the discussion will be on the positive aspect of legal development, Plato’s notion of lawlessness or anomie and its effects on the legal order will also be examined
モーニングワークにおける宗教の役割に関する文献研究
No full textAfter the bereavement of a loved one, religious beliefs have been suggested to provide mental support for the bereaved when attempting to find new hope for their lives through mourning work. However, limited research has been conducted in this field in Japan. Thus, this study reviews the existing literature on mourning work and religion and examines the usefulness and role of religion in mourning work. Furthermore, the study examined religion’s role in mourning work, which is common to previous studies, from three perspectives, namely, provider, mediator and supporter roles. As people engage in mourning work, although its aspects differ across generations and cultures, served as a place wherein they could express grief and provided cues for making meaning in bereavement (provider); and created bonds between the deceased and the bereaved, God and people, and people (mediator); religion clearly offered mental stability to the bereaved (supporter). While examining the similarities and differences in the role of religion across various generations and cultures was an achievement, further empirical research is also required
中国人日本語学習者の「第三者ほめ」の使用実態 : 接触場面の友人同士の自然談話の分析
No full textIn this study, we analyzed the usage of compliments to third-party by Chinese learners of Japanese in natural conversations between friends in contact situations, comparing them with Japanese native speakers. Firstly, similar to the findings of the first meeting conversations (Nagata, 2016), it was confirmed that, even in conversations between friends, Japanese native speakers mutually compliment a third-party, while Chinese learners of Japanese do not. Furthermore, focusing on the discourse development, it was revealed that in conversations between friends, Japanese native speakers ultimately prioritize saving the hearer's face and mutually compliment the third-party, even in the face of potential conflicts from hearer’s compliments to third-party. On the other hand, Chinese learners of Japanese may experience conflicts stemming from hearer’s compliments to third-party in conversations between friends. Based on these findings, it is suggested that there is a need to instruct Chinese learners of Japanese on the function of compliments to third-party, indicating that complimenting a third-party with Japanese native speakers can contribute to building and strengthening solidarity between speaker and hearer and promoting discourse development
モジュール型教職研修と研修満足度と成長的知性の関係 : 山口大学教育学部ちゃぶ台型研修の事例
No full textIn this research, we investigated the effect of the teaching training programs of “Chabu-dai System” produced by Faculty of Education, Yamaguchi University. The study participates 166 students and teachers . In this research, we asked about the satisfaction and the awareness of successful intelligence after they attended the programs. As a result of the research, the following findings were obtained. First, the successful intelligence was composed of three subordinate factors: humanity orientation, educational material development orientation, organization orientation. Second, high rated satisfactions were gained for all items. In addition, as a result of the cluster analysis, it was shown that awareness of students’ successful intelligence was constructed of five clusters and teachers’ was constructed of three clusters