Jurnal Bioteknologi & Biosains Indonesia (JBBI)
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PREVENTION OF GASTROPROTECTIVE ACTIVITY OF CHINESE BETEL EXTRACT (PEPEROMIA PELLUCIDA L.) ON THE HISTOPATHOLOGICAL FEATURES OF THE STOMACH IN A MOUSE MODEL OF GASTROENTERITIS
Full text linkGastroenteritis is a common gastrointestinal disorder characterized by inflammation of the stomach and small intestine, often leading to symptoms such as diarrhea, vomit-ing, and abdominal pain. This study investigates the gastroprotective effects of Pepe-romia pellucida (Chinese betel) extract on histopathological features of the stomach in a mouse model of gastroenteritis. Male Swiss strain mice, aged 2-3 months, were treated with different doses of P. pellucida extract (100, 300, and 500 mg/kg BW) for 7 days after inducing gastroenteritis with Escherichia coli infection. Histopathological ex-amination showed that the extract significantly reduced cell degeneration, necrosis, and polymorphonuclear leukocyte infiltration in the stomach compared to the negative control group. The highest dose (500 mg/kg BW) exhibited the most prominent gastro-protective effect. These results suggest that P. pellucida possesses promising thera-peutic potential for gastroenteritis, possibly due to its bioactive compounds such as flavonoids, tannins, and saponins. Further studies are needed to explore the underly-ing mechanisms and optimize its therapeutic application
THE POTENCY OF BUNIDA F1 AND THEIR CROSSBREED (BUNIDA F2) AS SUPERIOR LOCAL CHICKEN
Full text linkHigh market demands for animal protein have encouraged the optimization of local chicken genetic resources. This research aims to determine the potency of BUNIDA F1 chickens and their crossed-breed (BUNIDA F2). Five BUNIDA F1 hens at 12 months of age are inseminated with Bresse’s semen until they get 50 eggs. The eggs are incubated at 37-38°C and 60-70% humidity. The egg’s fertility and embryo devel-opment were observed on the 4th, 7th, and 18th days of incubation with the candling method. The parameters observed were egg weight, egg fertility, hatchability, and hatching weight. The results show BUNIDA F1 potencies are 54.12 ± 2.70 g egg weight, 82.59 ± 5.11% fertility rate, 71.14 ± 10.67% for hatchability, and hatching weight of BUNIDA F2 is 37.86 ± 1.97 g. It can be concluded that BUNIDA F1 and BUNIDA F2 have the potency to be developed into superior local chickens
KIDNEY MICROANATOMY OF WHITE RATS ON THE ADMINISTRATION OF ETHANOL EXTRACT OF Spatholobus littoralis STEM ACUTE DOSE
Full text linkTampala bajakah stem (Spatholobus littoralis Hassk) is empirically used by the Indonesian people to recover from disease and maintain health, but the use of tampala bajakah has not been tested for doses that are safe for consumption. The purpose of this study was to determine the type of damage caused by acute doses of bajakah tampala stem extract on white rat kidney microanatomy (Rattus norvegicus Berkenhout). This study used bajakah stem derived from Ambawang, extraction using ethanol solvent, and Wistar strain white rat (± 150g) test as a test animal. The method used a Complete Randomized Design with 4 treatments namely normal control using distilled water, treatment of doses of 300, 2000, and 5000 mg/kg BW of bajakah tampala stem extract. Each group was given 5 replicates. The extract was shown in a single dose orally and observations were made for 14 days. The results obtained that doses of 2000 and 5000 mg/kg BW caused damage to white rat kidney tissue in the form of microanatomy dilatation of tubules and loss of the brush border, and doses of 300, 2000, and 5000 mg/kg BW caused necrosis and haemorrhage. The most severe damage to kidney microanatomy is the dose of 2000 and 5000 mg/kg BW. The administration of acute doses of bajakah extract has the potential to cause damage to kidney tissue
LEYDIG CELL COUNT IS INCREASES IN OLD WISTAR RATS (RATTUS NORVEGICUS) BY ANTIOXIDANT ETHANOL EXTRACT OF MORINGA OLEIFERA (EEMO)
Full text linkOxidative stress is the result of an imbalance between antioxidant production and the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Leydig cells have a high content of PUFAs in their cell membrane, making it easy to bind ROS. Most natural antioxidants are found in plants, including Moringa. In this work, aged Wistar rats' Leydig cells will be used to test the antioxidant activity of an ethanol extract from the leaves of Moringa oleivera (Rattus norvegicus). The study involved the division of 36 elderly rats, who were between the ages of 18 and 19 months, into two groups. For thirty days, the control group received the same quantity of 0.5% CMC every day, whereas the treatment group received 50 mg/kgBW/0.5 mL of Moringa leaf ethanol extract daily. The rats were healthy and free of physical impairments. The Independent Samples T-Test is used to assess the data in order to find any variations between the treatment and control groups. The significant difference (p < 0.00) in Leydig cell counts between the extract-treated group and the control group suggests that the ethanol extract of Moringa leaves can have a major effect on the number of Leydig cells in Old Wistar rats (Rattus Norvegicus)
BIOACTIVE METABOLITES OF Lactiplantibacillus plantarum ISOLATED FROM Sonchus arvensis AS AN ANTIMICROBIAL AGENT
Full text linkSonchus arvensis is a plant widely found in Southeast Asia and often used in traditional medicine. Lactiplantibacillus plantarum is a bacteria isolated from S. arvensis and categorized as qualified presumption of safety by the European Food Safety Authority and the US Food and Drug Administration. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the bioactive metabolites of Lpb. plantarum as antimicrobial agents. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) were isolated using the serial dilution method, followed by isolation and amplification of the DNA through a 16S rRNA universal primer. Antimicrobial activity was screened using the well-diffusion method. Plantaricin gene identification was performed using PCR and the determination of lactic acid content was conducted using Spectrophotometric. In addition, the titration method was used to measure and determine the hydrogen peroxide. The results showed that Lpb. plantarum had higher inhibition toward pathogen bacteria than Lc. lactis. Lpb. plantarum had the largest inhibition zone against B. subtillis, followed by S. aureus and E. coli, respectively. It was discovered that Lpb. plantarum precipitated with ammonium sulfate had a greater protein content and antibacterial activity. Furthermore, Lpb. plantarum, which encodes plnA and plnEF, produced lactic acid and hydrogen peroxide at concentrations of 3.0158±0.2774 mg/mL and 0.195±0.04 mg/mL, respectively
SCALE-UP OF PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS PRODUCTION FROM Styrax paralleloneurum LEAVES AND EXTRACT PURIFICATION USING AMBERLITE XAD-2
Full text linkThe current study aimed to determine the total phenolic compound content, antioxidant activity, and antibacterial activity of fermented Styrax leaf extract in 2000 mL volume. Fermentation by Aspergillus niger was carried out for 64 hours. After extraction, purifi-cation was conducted using Amberlite XAD-2 resin in ion exchange chromatography. The total phenolic content of the unpurified extract was 92.75 mg GAE.g-1, while the purified extract was 146.67 mg GAE.g-1. Antioxidant activity expressed in IC50 values was 31.71 ppm for the unpurified extract and 14.11 ppm for the purified extract. The antibacterial activity tested on Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa showed an inhibition zone diameter of 31.43 mm and 28.2 mm, respectively for the unpurified extract, while for the purified extract 33.96 mm and 35.5 mm, respectively. It can be concluded that the purification of fermented Styrax leaf extract caused a stronger antioxidant activity and a very potent antibacterial activity
MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION, PHYTOCHEMICALS SCREENING, AND MOLECULAR DOCKING OF CARDAMOM (Wurfbainia compacta), AND SAMBILOTO (Andrographis paniculata) AGAINST COVID-19
Full text linkCardamom and Sambiloto are phytopharmaceutical plants that produce phytochemical compounds that have the potential to be used to increase immunity against COVID-19. because they contain carotenoids, phenols, anthocyanins, saponins, alkaloids and steroids. This research aims to obtain the molecular characteristics of Cardamom and Sambiloto plants from the Gunungpati area, Semarang by ITS primer, testing phenolic phytochemicals, tannins, flavonoids, saponins and alkaloids followed by molecular docking tests with the 6WX4 protein. SARS-CoV-2. Molecular characterization results show that Cardamom and Sambiloto are similar to Wurfbainia compacta MF802556.1 (100%) and Andrographis paniculate LC646073.1 (84.47%). The results of the phytochemical test screening showed that both plants contain flavonoids. Molecular docking tests were carried out with the compounds Quercetin, Avicularin, Naringenin, 5-hydroxy-7,8,2',5' tetramethoxyflavone, and Retinoic Acid. Retinoic Acid as a test ligand has the greatest potential in inhibiting the 6WX4 protein in the SARS-CoV-2 virus with a binding affinity value of -7.28 and RMSD 0.00
SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF CHITOSAN MEMBRANES OF CASSAVA PEEL (Manihot esculenta) AND LERI STARCH COMBINATION AS A BIODEGRADABLE PLASTIC: English
Full text linkProblems related to landfills of plastic packaging waste are a source of environmental pollution. This research provides innovation in utilizing biodegradable plastic from cassava and leri peel starch with the addition of chitosan. This study aimed to analyze the results of the synthesis and characterization of chitosan membranes with a combination of cassava and leri peel starch and determine the biodegradation time of biodegradable plastic in EM-4 bioactivation. This study characterized biodegradable plastic membranes using test parameters, namely the SEM, FTIR, Swelling, and tensile strength tests. The biodegradation test was carried out by immersing biodegradable plastic membranes in an EM-4 bioactator for 7 days. Based on the results obtained from the characterization of biodegradable plastic membranes, namely the swelling test with concentrations of 5:3, 7:3, and 9:3, with yield values of 62.9921%, 69.8902%, and 71.4286%. The SEM test obtained the best results at a concentration of 7:3. FTIR test on biodegradable plastic membranes containing hydroxyl (O-H) and carbonyl (C-O) groups. The tensile test obtained optimum results at the concentration of biodegradable plastic membranes, namely 9:3. As for the biodegradation test that has been carried out, the start time for degradation is 3 days
EFFECT OF COLCHICINE TREATMENT ON PLANT GROWTH AND FLOWER DEVELOPMENT IN Zinnia elegans
Full text linkRefugia is a flowering plant that is intended to trap and destroy insects. Colchicine is reported to induce polyploidy in plants. This study aims to determine germination, growth, and refugia performance of colchicine induced Zinnia elegans at different immersion concentrations and times. This research was conducted experimentally with a completely randomized design. The treatment was immersion in colchicine solution at different times duration. Colchicine concentration 0.01% with immersion time of 6,12,24,48, and 72 hours. Colchicine induction with different immersion times showed a decrease in sprouts height (p<0.05), resulting in abnormal sprouts with three leaves and wider leaf area (correlation test r=0.560). The longer the colchicine immersion showed plant height (correlation test r=0.618). Morphologically, control and colchicine induction results were relatively the same, but flowers resulting from colchicine induction had higher flower heights (correlation test r=0.772) and flower diameter (correlation test r=0.815). Induction of colchicine immersion had a different effect on the growth and reproduction performance of Z. elegans
THE SORUS MORPHOLOGY OF FERNS OF THE FAMILY Dryopteridaceae AND THE FAMILY Polypodiaceae THE TATANGGE UNIVERSITY FOREST, SSOTHEAST SULAWESI
No full textThis study aims to determine the morphology of the sorus of ferns (Pteridophyta) Dryopteridaceae and Polypodiaceae families in the Tatangge Education Forest area of Rawa Aopa Watumohai National Park, Southeast Sulawesi. This research involved exploration in the Tatangge University Forest area of Rawa Aopa Watumohai National Park, Southeast Sulawesi to collect samples, then identifying and observing sorus characteristics in the Laboratory of the Biology Education Department, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Halu Oleo University, Kendari. The research data were processed and analysed descriptively, regarding the characteristics of the sorus of ferns (Pteridophyta) Dryopteridaceae family including location, shape, colour, and annulus. The results of the study found 5 (five) species of ferns (Pteridophyta) Dryopteridaceae family, and 5 (five) species of Polypodiaceae family that have different sorus characteristics. The Dryopteridaceae family consists of the species Dryopteris celsa, Dryopteris filix-mas, Dryopteris marginalis, Nephrolepis biserrata (Sw) Schoot, and Polistichopsis hasseltii. The family Polypodiaceae consists of the species Drynaria sparsisora (Desv.) T. Moore Pyrrosia longifollia (Burm. f), Pyrrosia lanceolata L Farw, Pyrrosia piloselloides M.G. Price, and Polypodium glycyrriza Licorice Fern