Jurnal Bioteknologi & Biosains Indonesia (JBBI)
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THE DIVERSITY AND CHARACTERISATION OF CELLULOLYTIC BACTERIA ISOLATED FROM VARIOUS CONDITIONS OF EMPTY FRUIT BUNCHES IN OIL PALM PLANTATION
Full text linkThe utilisation of oil palm empty fruit bunches (EFB) remains underexplored. Harnessing cellulolytic microorganisms for the production of cellulase enzymes offers sustainable approach to addressing waste management challenges while aligning with the principles of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and address waste management challenges. This study aims to isolate, characterize, identify, and test the potential cellulase activity of cellulolytic bacteria from EFB taken from three different locations: PO code from organic fertilizer plantations (POU1, POU2, POU3), PL code from oil palm plantations (PLU1, PLU2, PLU3), and PK code from Sulung mills (PKU1, PKU2, PKU3). This study used three isolated cultures in its testing. The research process includes sample preparation, bacterial isolation, gram staining, catalase test, hypersensitivity test, DNA amplification, bioinformatics analysis and cellulase activity analysis. The results of the bacterial isolation obtained 28 colonies. The results of the characterisation were all 3 non-pathogenic bacterial isolates, with a positive catalase test. The result of staining Gram-negative with bacilli-shaped bacteria. The amplification results obtained a band size of 1500 bp. The results of the identification obtained the species Aeromonas enteropelogenes, Nitrosomonas stercoris, and Methylobacillus caricis. The results of phylogenetic analysis showed low homology. Cellulase activity of six positive isolates with medium ability isolates code POU3 (1.3), PLU2 (1.0), PLU3 (1.0); low isolates POU1 (0.2), POU2 (0.2), PLU (0.8) and 3 negative isolates no enzyme activity PKU1 (-1), PKU2 (-1), and PKU3 (-1)
PHARMACOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION OF THE ORAL WOUND HEALING ACTIVITY OF Stachytarpheta jamaicensis ROOT EXTRACT GEL IN WISTAR RATS
Full text linkThe Stachytarpheta jamaicensis (L) Vahl root contains bioactive compounds like saponins, alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, phenols, and terpenoids, which have antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties. This study investigates the wound healing effects of Stachytarpheta jamaicensis (L) Vahl root extract gel in oral mucosa. The experiment involved 28 male Wistar rats, divided into four groups: a positive control treated with povidone iodine 10%, a negative control treated with gel base, and two experimental groups treated with 6% and 10% S. jamaicensis root extract gels. The gel was applied twice daily, and wound healing was assessed by epithelial thickness, inflammation cell and hydroxyproline content. Both concentrations of S. jamaicensis root extract gel significantly enhanced wound healing, as shown by increased epithelial thickness, inflammation cell and hydroxyproline content levels compared to the negative control. These findings suggest that S. jamaicensis root extract gel effectively promotes wound healing in the excision wound model
IDENTIFICATION OF SECONDARY METABOLITE COMPOUNDS USING GC-MS IN METHANOL EXTRACTS OF KEISSI TUBERS (Stephania venosa (Blume) Spreng)
Full text linkTraditional medicinal plants are an important source of bioactive compounds that have the potential to be developed as raw materials for health products. One species used by the community in Mambi District, West Sulawesi, for cancer treatment is Belajang Keissi' (Stephania venosa (Blume) Spreng). This study aims to identify the secondary metabolites contained in the methanol extract of Belajang Keissi' tubers. The extraction process was carried out using the maceration method with methanol as the solvent, followed by qualitative phytochemical testing and compound profile analysis using GC-MS. The results of the phytochemical test showed that the methanol extract of Belajang Keissi' tubers contained alkaloids and flavonoids. Further GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of several dominant compounds, namely 9,12-octadecadienoic acid (Z,Z)-, methyl ester; trans-13-octadecenoic acid, methyl ester; methyl stearate; 6H-dibenzo[a,g]quinolizine, 5,8,13,13a-tetrahydro-2,3,9,10-tetramethoxy-; and (±)-2,3,3′,4′-tetramethoxy-α-methyl-5-(prop-1-enyl)stilbene. These findings indicate that Belajang Keissi tubers have potential as a source of bioactive compounds that can support the development of traditional medicines based on natural ingredients
ISOLATION OF ANTIBIOTIC PRODUCING MICROORGANISMS FROM CASSAVA ROOT TAPAI BY TRADITIONAL FERMENTED
Full text linkAntibiotic resistance among pathogenic microorganisms has become a growing global health concern, necessitating the search for new natural sources of antimicrobial compounds. Cassava tapai, a traditional Indonesian fermented food, contains molds, yeasts, and bacteria with potential antibiotic-producing abilities. This study aimed to isolate and characterize antibiotic-producing microorganisms from cassava tapai fermented with local Sulawesi ‘Ragi’. Isolation, colony morphology characterization, and antibiotic activity tests were conducted using the Kirby–Bauer method against Escherichia coli ATCC 35218 and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923. Inhibition zones were measured with a digital caliper, and data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s HSD test or Kruskal–Wallis followed by the Mann–Whitney U test (p < 0.05). Three isolates Bb1, Bb2, and Wk3 exhibited significant antibiotic activity, with Bb1 showing stronger inhibition against E. Coli ATCC 35218. These results highlight confirms the potential of cassava tapai as a promising source of antibiotic-producing microorganisms for future antimicrobial discovery
ISOLATION, SCREENING, AND ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF ENDOPHYTIC FUNGI ASSOCIATED WITH Acanthus ilicifolius L. IN INHIBITING THE GROWTH OF Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)
Full text linkThis study examines the phytochemical composition and antibacterial activity of endophytic fungi linked to the mangrove plant A. ilicifolius against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in order to determine their bioprospecting potential. The surface-sterilized root, stem, and leaf tissues of A. ilicifolius yielded endophytic fungi. The workflow consisted of screening for viable isolates, culture under controlled circumstances, and molecular identification of the Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) section of fungal rDNA. Antibacterial activity was determined using agar well diffusion tests after extraction with methanol, ethyl acetate, and n-hexane solvent fractions. A total of 31 endophytic fungal isolates were recovered: 9 from roots, 15 from stems, and 7 from leaves. Among these, 5 isolates from roots (16.1%), 8 from stems (25.8%), and 5 from leaves (16.1%) exhibited inhibitory effects against MRSA. Isolate AK5, derived from root tissue, demonstrated the highest antibacterial activity and was molecularly identified as Chaetomium globosum strain NW 24 (Accession No. MN326469.1). The isolate revealed optimal growth at pH 5–6, with the maximum wet mycelial biomass (29.73 g) achieved on day 24 under shaker incubation. The methanol and ethyl acetate fractions had a considerably greater anti-MRSA efficacy than the n-hexane fraction. Phytochemical analysis of the methanolic extract indicated the presence of several bioactive components, including phenolics, tannins, flavonoids, saponins, alkaloids, and terpenoids, indicating that these constituents contribute to the reported antibacterial effects. Overall, our findings highlight the potential of A. ilicifolius-derived endophytic fungi as alternate sources of bioactive compounds for treating antibiotic-resistant infections, specifically MRSA
THE ABUNDANCE OF ANTS (FORMICIDAE) IN COFFEE PLANTATIONS OF MERAPI, LAHAT DISTRICT
Full text linkAnts are widely used as ecological indicators in agricultural landscapes, yet community responses can vary across local environmental gradients. This study assessed ground-active ant assemblages in coffee plantations in Merapi, Lahat (South Sumatra, Indonesia) at sites categorized as near versus far from a coal-mining area, using pitfall traps and community-level metrics. Mean temperatures during sampling were nearly identical between site categories (near 30.54 °C; far 30.56 °C). Ant assemblages showed contrasting patterns in richness and abundance: far sites contained six taxa but a lower total number of individuals (117), while near sites contained three taxa but higher total abundance (209). Species composition differed markedly, with far sites dominated by Solenopsis invicta and near sites dominated by Leptogenys sp. and Myopias emeryi. Diversity indices reflected these patterns: Shannon diversity was higher far from the mine (0.8906) than near (0.7215), while Simpson dominance was slightly higher far (0.5607) than near (0.5219), and evenness was higher near (0.6567) than far (0.4971). These findings indicate an association between distance class and ant community structure in coffee plantations, characterized by higher richness but stronger dominance at far sites and higher abundance but lower richness at near sites; however, conclusions about mining impacts should remain cautious given the observational design
THE INFLUENCE OF PHYSICOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS ON THE ABUNDANCE OF MACROZOOBENTHOS IN KUNGKILAN RIVER, SOUTH SUMATERA
Full text linkMacrozoobenthos are effective bioindicators for assessing freshwater ecosystem health. This study examines the influence of physicochemical parameters and spatial-temporal variation on macrozoobenthic abundance in the Kungkilan River, South Sumatera. Sampling was conducted at upstream, midstream, and downstream sites. Generalized Linear Mixed Model (GLMM) analysis revealed that water depth and transparency had significant positive effects, while iron (Fe) in sediment had a negative effect. Random effects analysis showed that site-level variability (variance = 0.680) was far greater than temporal variability, indicating that spatial differences—especially in the midstream zone—were the dominant drivers of community structure. These findings highlight the importance of localized conservation efforts and reinforce the role of macrozoobenthos as reliable indicators of river health in tropical ecosystems
UTILIZATION OF INDONESIAN STRAIN ACTINOBACTERIA TO FACE THE THREAT OF BIOFILM AS THE MAIN CAUSE OF HEALTH CARE ASSOCIATED INFECTION
Full text linkHealth Care Associated Infection (HCAI) is one of the global infectious diseases that is expected to cause around 10 million deaths by 2050. One of the main causes is biofilm, an exopolysaccharide layer formed by bacteria, often found on medical equipment such as catheters, and has high resistance to antibiotics. Prevention efforts can be made through the search for antibiofilm compounds. Actinobacteria are known to produce potential bioactive compounds. This study utilized Actinobacteria strains from the waters of Bitung, North Sulawesi (code BT-023-026) to explore their antibiofilm potential through isolation, laboratory tests, and genetic analysis, followed by expert confirmation in the fields of intelligence, BPOM, and microbiology. The results show the great potential of BT-023-026 as an antibiofilm agent to prevent antibiotic resistance due to HCAI, while playing a strategic role in biodefense and strengthening health security through early warning and early detection
THE POTENTIAL OF Zinnia elegans AND Bacillus sp. as Lead (Pb) BIOREMEDIATION AGENTS
Full text linkLead (Pb) pollution in soil is a serious problem that reduces crop productivity. One approach to address this issue is through bioremediation and Phytoremediation, using microorganism and plants that can tolerate and bind heavy metals. This study examine the potential of Zinnia elegans (Jacq.) and Bacillus sp., and in combination to reduce Pb in soil. The experiment lasted 60 days using a completely randomized design with six treatments: P0 (control, Pb-contaminated soil without plants or bacteria), P1 (Z. elegans only), P2 (Bacillus sp. only), P3 (combination), P4 (non-contaminated soil with Z. elegans and Bacillus sp.), and P5 (non-contaminated soil with Z. elegans only). The results showed that treatment P3 reduced Pb concentration by 62.31 ppm, while no significant differences were observed among treatments in terms of plant growth parameters. Combining Z. elegans with Bacillus sp. may serve as a practical approach to enhance Pb remediation in contaminated soils
EFFECTIVENESS OF HYDROCOLLOID USE ON WOUND HEALING PROCESS IN WOUND PATIENTS AT HANIFAH MEDIKA CENTER PRIMARY CLINIC
Full text linkWounds due to tissue damage can be caused by pressure, friction, extreme temperatures, or infection. WHO from 2022 recorded a wound prevalence of 3.50 per 1000 population, with the majority of cases resulting from surgery or trauma (48%). In Indonesia, around 35% of the population experiences wounds, with pressure ulcers reaching 20%. Nurses play a crucial role in wound care, including the selection of appropriate dressings. Hydrocolloid is a modern dressing that protects wounds from water, air, and bacteria, and creates a moist environment to accelerate healing. This study evaluates the effectiveness of Hydrocolloid in accelerating the wound healing process at the Hanifah Medika Center Primary Clinic. Aim to examine the effect of using the hydrocolloid on wound healing process in wound patient at Hanifah Medica Center clinic. Methods This study was a quantitative design with the Quasi-Experiment methode without a Control Group Pre-Test - Post-Test. In this design, the intervention is given to one group without a control group for comparison. Results: The results showed that mean of pre-test Winner scale score of 28.23 ± 3.093 and a post-test score of 15.63 ± 3.090. The research results indicate a difference in the Winner scale assessment scores between the pre-test and post-test, with a P-value of 0.000 (p-<0.05). Conclusion There was a decrease in wound assessment scores using the Winner scale, with a pre-test score of 28.23 ± 3.093 and a post-test score of 15.63 ± 3.090. which means that the use of Hydrocolloid is effective in the wound healing process. Suggestion: It is suggested that nurses, healthcare institutions, and wound patients can use Hydrocolloid as a dressing continuously. The three of them become one of the efforts in the wound healing process