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An Animal Quarantine Policy Analysis with Environmental Law Study
No full textEnvironmental management in Indonesia is an essential part of the legal system aimed at protecting biodiversity and ecosystems. This study highlights animal quarantine policies as part of the conservation of biological natural resources based on Law No. 5 of 1990 concerning the Conservation of Biological Natural Resources and their Ecosystems and Law No. 32 of 2009 concerning Environmental Protection and Management. In the context of globalization and economic integration, the quarantine system is required to be more adaptive and oriented toward comprehensive protection of national biological potential from external threats such as disease and pests. Quarantine policies must also integrate a socio-cultural approach, given the strong link between local culture and environmental sustainability. The symbolic interactionist approach is used in this study to uncover the symbolic meaning of law in response to social phenomena. It was found that existing quarantine regulations do not fully reflect ecological justice, as they still focus solely on technical aspects. Therefore, policy reconstruction is needed that is more sensitive to socio-cultural conditions and the principles of ecological justice
Effectiveness of the Death Penalty as an Instrument of Legal Strengthening Against Drug Dealers
No full textThis study aims to examine and analyze the effectiveness of the application of the death penalty to drug dealers in the criminal law system in Indonesia and the obstacles and solutions in this topic. The method used is an empirical juridical legal approach which combines normative analysis of laws and regulations with the reality of their application in the field. Data were collected through document studies, interviews with law enforcement officers, and observations of a number of court decisions that imposed death penalty on drug offenders. The author uses the theories of law enforcement effectiveness and legal certainty to study this topic. Factors such as weak supervision systems, potential abuse of authority, and lack of consistency in law enforcement are the main obstacles. In addition, the death penalty also raises controversy in the context of human rights, especially the right to life. Therefore, an evaluation of the death penalty policy is needed, as well as strengthening a transparent and accountable justice system as part of a more effective drug control strategy. The government needs to reform the Narcotics Law to clarify the criteria for applying the death penalty so that it includes not only big dealers but also dealers involved in drug distribution networks at various levels, in order to provide legal clarity and ensure justice for all perpetrators. In addition, the effectiveness of its implementation must be supported by ongoing training and education for law enforcement officers to improve integrity and prevent errors in the sentencing process
Legal Analysis of the Application of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in a Justice-based Judicial System
No full textArtificial intelligence (AI) is a “machine” that is able to do different things that are considered to require human intelligence to be done, such as recognizing human language, a person’s face, driving, or, in the case of advanced AI, even using production machines in companies. The type of research used in this study is qualitative research using a normative legal approach. Qualitative research is one that aims to find out and explore various events experienced directly by research subjects to then be described using various scientific methods. The legal system faces an increasing amount of data, including laws, court decisions, evidence, and criminal records. AI can analyze big data quickly and efficiently and identify patterns, trends, and relevant information in legal cases. In addition, AI can automate routine tasks such as drafting legal documents, searching for precedents, and analyzing contracts. A significant challenge is the possibility of leakage or misuse of personal data in the digital justice system. Sensitive data such as health information, personal identities, and legal records may be attractive targets for cybercriminals, so prioritizing data protection in the design and implementation of a digital justice framework is essential. Ensuring data encryption is also important to keep information secure
Practical Study of Tidal Flooding as an Impact of Sea Level Rise in the City of Surabaya in Terms of Social and Ecological Implications
No full textAs a national economic growth center, Surabaya City faces serious environmental challenges due to increasingly intense tidal flooding because of rising sea levels. This study aims to analyze the social and ecological impacts of tidal flooding in the coastal areas of Surabaya City and examine the effectiveness of the measures that have been implemented. Using a descriptive qualitative approach and literature review method, this study examines empirical data from the field and the normative framework of environmental policies and disaster management. The research findings indicate that tidal flooding has significant impacts on the social lives of coastal communities, including economic losses, disruptions to education and health services, and psychosocial vulnerabilities. Ecologically, tidal flooding accelerates mangrove degradation, exacerbates coastal erosion, and causes seawater intrusion into land areas. Technocratic mitigation strategies such as dyke construction and road elevation have not addressed the root causes of the problem and tend to create spatial inequalities. Therefore, a participatory and sustainable ecosystem-based adaptation approach is needed, with cross-sectoral policy integration and active community involvement
Procedure and Legal Protection for Government Goods/Services Procurement Actors
No full textThe procedure for procuring government goods/services follows the provisions set by the government, from planning to delivery of results. Legal protection for actors in the procurement of goods/services includes the provision of legal assistance and protection against procedural deviations. This paper aims to examine the procedures for procuring government goods/services, as well as the legal protection provided to participants in the procurement process. This research can be classified as normative research. Normative research using Presidential Regulation No. 46 of 2025. Procurement of government goods/services includes procurement of goods, construction projects, consulting services, and various other types of services. Procurement of goods/services can be carried out through self-management or by involving external providers. The process of procuring government goods/services is carried out through several main stages, namely procurement planning, procurement preparation, and implementation of procurement activities. Legal protection for actors in the procurement of government goods/services aims to protect the interests of the government or local government in obtaining the desired goods and services, so that the goods/services are beneficial to the community. Conversely, law enforcement officers protect the interests of the state, ensuring that participants in the procurement of government goods/services operate in accordance with laws and regulations, thereby facilitating results that are beneficial to the government and the community
Tourists in Community-based Tourism Experiences: A Case Study of Pentingsari Tourism Village
No full textThis study aims to critically explore and classify the typologies of tourists visiting Pentingsari Tourism Village, Yogyakarta, through the lens of their lived experiences within a community-based tourism (CBT) setting. Employing a descriptive qualitative methodology with a case study design, the research involved 21 purposively selected participants whose experiences were examined through in-depth interviews, participatory observation, and document analysis. Thematic analysis was used to inductively identify patterns of motivations, behaviors, and experiential meanings across cognitive, affective, and behavioral dimensions. Findings reveal four distinct typologies: drifters, explorers, individual mass tourists, and organized mass tourists each characterized by different levels of autonomy, depth of engagement, and expectations regarding authenticity and comfort. The study interprets these typologies as reflective of broader shifts in contemporary tourism behavior, particularly the growing demand for immersive, participatory experiences in rural destinations. The conclusion emphasizes that understanding tourist typologies is essential for tailoring tourism programs and marketing strategies that align with segment-specific expectations. Concrete recommendations include the development of live-in cultural immersion packages for independent travelers and the improvement of standardized service infrastructure for mass tourists. These findings provide practical guidance for tourism village managers to design inclusive, experience-based, and sustainability-oriented destination strategies, while contributing theoretically to the discourse on experiential tourism and typological differentiation within CBT contexts
The Role of Curiosity and Social Media Exposure in Shaping Visitors' Intentions to Visit Museum Pancasila Sakti: A Pathway to Quality Education in Dark Tourism
No full textThe purpose of this research is to examine the influence of curiosity and exposure to social media on intention to visit the Museum Pancasila Sakti as a dark tourism destination that has educational value in relation to Indonesian history. Using a quantitative method, this research was conducted on 160 respondents who were interested in dark tourism and had not gone to the museum. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to analyze the relationships. The path coefficient for the relationship between curiosity and exposure to social media was (β = 0.709); thus, curious individuals were more likely to be exposed to detailed, dark media content. However, the direct effect of curiosity on the intention to visit was not significant (path coefficient −0.014), meaning that curiosity may not directly influence visitor intention. On the other hand, social media exposure influences the intention to visit with a path coefficient of 0.323, indicating that social media has a significant impact on the intention to visit (TT5). This study also highlights cultural preservation (the Pancasila Sakti Museum), which contributes to SDG 4: quality education through delivering quality educational experiences via the social media platform. These results offer valuable implications for museum administrators and other dark tourism stakeholders to strategically utilize social media to enhance awareness and visits to historic locations
Carbon Emissions in Tourism: Insights from Bibliometric Analysis of Global Research Trends
No full textThis study aims to analyze global trends in carbon emissions in the tourism sector through a bibliometric approach, focusing on identifying patterns of collaboration among researchers and developments in related topics over the past two decades. As a sector that contributes significantly to carbon emissions, primarily through air travel and road transport, tourism faces substantial challenges in reducing its environmental impact. While numerous studies have explored carbon emissions within the context of tourism, most remain confined to specific aspects, such as the impact of transportation or energy consumption in accommodations, failing to provide a comprehensive understanding of the sector’s overall carbon footprint. Through an extensive literature analysis, this study identified key trends that highlight the importance of technology-based solutions, such as big data and machine learning, in mitigating the carbon impacts of tourism. Furthermore, the analysis shows that despite increasing awareness of sustainability, gaps remain in the application of green technologies and effective international collaboration. These findings provide important insights for future research, focusing on data-driven solutions, global policy development, and more efficient technology deployment in achieving sustainable tourism in the future
Exploring Hotel Industry Perspectives on English Language Proficiency
No full textAmid the growing prominence of English as the lingua franca in tourism and hospitality industry, there is a research gap in understanding how Indonesian hotel employers perceive English proficiency among applicants and staff. This study addresses this gap by investigating the importance of English proficiency from the standpoint of key hotel industry figures, including general managers (GM), human resource managers (HRM), managers, and supervisors. To this end, 40 hotel employers completed an online questionnaire, and six of them attended interviews. The research design is qualitative, utilizing quantitative data from the adopted questionnaire (1), and interviews to clarify the results. Employers across the board consider English proficiency essential for all staff, particularly those in customer-facing roles. Although formal tests such as the TOEFL or TOEIC are not always required, the hiring process often serves as an informal language assessment. International hotel chains typically use sophisticated platforms that include English assessments. The study reveals a notable gap in understanding how HR and GM view these language demands. The study also highlights the need for customized English training to improve communication, increase guest satisfaction, and promote business growth in today’s global hospitality industry
Developing Digital Transformation in Local Government to Enhance Public Participation: Case Study in Banyuasin Regency, South Sumatera
No full textThis research explores the development of digital governance as a strategic approach to enhance local community participation in the planning process of local agencies in Banyuasin Regency, South Sumatra, Indonesia. In the face of complex bureaucratic procedures, inefficient planning, and limited public involvement, particularly due to the region’s challenging topography, the study highlights the role of information and communication technology (ICT) in transforming the traditional public policy process. Through a qualitative methodology, the research identifies barriers and supporting factors for digital governance implementation and aims to offer alternative solutions to improve strategic planning effectiveness. This study proposes a more transparent, inclusive, and efficient planning process driven by ICT-based solutions by examining local governance practices, public participation mechanisms, and existing digital infrastructure. The study seeks to promote good governance through enhanced responsiveness, accountability, and democratic participation at the local level