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Therapeutic Effects of Curcumin on Different Types of Oral Diseases: Evidence from Preclinical Animal Studies and Clinical Trials
No full textBackground: The present study aims to review and summarize the therapeutic effects of curcumin on different types of oral diseases, along with the mechanisms of action based on evidence.
Methods: A comprehensive review of preclinical animal studies and clinical trials published from 2014 to 2024 in PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, Wiley Online Library, and Google Scholar was conducted. Risk of bias was assessed using SYRCLE’s RoB tool for preclinical animal studies and Cochrane RoB 2 for clinical trials.
Results: Based on the review, we highlight that curcumin has strong potential as a promising adjuvant therapeutic agent for various oral diseases, such as periodontal diseases (gingivitis and periodontitis), recurrent aphthous stomatitis, oral mucositis, oral lichen planus, oral leukoplakia, oral submucous fibrosis, and oral cancer, as evidenced by both preclinical animal studies and clinical trials. These effects are attributed to curcumin’s reported anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antifungal, antimicrobial, immunomodulatory, and anticancer activities. We also found that no significant adverse side effects were reported from subjects given curcumin compared with those given conventional therapy. However, although curcumin offers significant therapeutic effects on oral diseases, we found limitations in clinical trials of curcumin on some diseases, especially oral cancer. Therefore, future studies related to clinical trials on some oral diseases with rigorous methods may be warranted.
Conclusion: Curcumin seems promising as a therapeutic agent for oral diseases. However, further clinical trials with more rigorous methods and larger samples are strongly needed
Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices of Emirati Citizens Regarding the Use of Antidiabetic Medications for Weight Loss Purposes
No full textAntidiabetic medications have been increasingly used for weight loss purposes, but there is a lack of data regarding their knowledge, attitudes, and usage among the Emirati population. This study aims to evaluate the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of Emirati females regarding the use of antidiabetic drugs for weight loss. A cross-sectional study was conducted using snowball sampling, including 140 female Emirati participants aged 18 and above. Data were collected through an online survey comprising multiple-choice questions, Likert scale items, and openended questions. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS version 29. Most participants were overweight (30%) or obese (23.6%). Around 17.9% reported using antidiabetic medications for weight loss, with Mounjaro being the most commonly used medication. Participants demonstrated limited knowledge about these medications, with a score of 7 out of 28. Commonly reported side effects included nausea/vomiting (67.9%), headaches (50%), and fatigue (49.3%). Participants expressed a neutral attitude toward using these medications for weight loss while emphasizing the importance of medical supervision. Most participants believed that these medications could facilitate lifestyle changes for weight loss and improved health. This study highlights the need for educational programs to enhance awareness of antidiabetic medications for weight reduction among Emiratis. Despite the small number of users, understanding the knowledge, attitudes, and practices surrounding these medications is crucial for promoting safe and effective weight loss strategies in the UAE
Parental Involvement in the Nutritional Management of Children with Type 1 Diabetes: A Review Article
No full textAim: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between parental nutritional knowledge and the glycemic control of children with Type 1 diabetes.
Methods: The three electronic databases (PubMed, Scopus, and Science Direct) were searched with relevant keywords from January to June 2022 to identify published studies that examine the correlation between parents’ dietary knowledge and children’s glycemic control, focusing on HbA1c. The search included parents who care for a child with Type 1 diabetes.
Results: Totally, 972 records existed in electronic search databases; after removing duplicates and irrelevant studies according to the title and abstract, the full text of the 25 articles was critically screened, in which 9 cross-sectional studies and 1 cohort study were included in this review. All these studies indicated that parents’ nutritional knowledge positively influences their children with Type 1 diabetes and their glycemic control of the disease.
Conclusion: This review concluded that an increase in parent knowledge leads to better glycemic control in children with Type 1 diabetes. Clinical dietitians must assess parents knowledge in pediatrics with Type 1 diabetes in order to improve diabetes outcomes, reduce diabetes complications, and improve quality of life
Comparison of clinical pregnancy rates between hormone replacement therapy and modified natural cycle for endometrial preparation in frozen embryo transfer cycles: An RCT
No full textBackground: Frozen-thawed embryo transfer (FET) during the endometrial receptivity window is important for implantation.
Objective: This study aims to compare the clinical pregnancy rate in 2 methods of endometrial preparation in FET using the hormone replacement cycle (HRC) and the modified natural cycle (mNC).
Materials and Methods: In this randomized clinical trial, 128 infertile women who visited the Imam Khomeini hospital infertility clinic, Sari, Iran between April and October 2024 were randomly assigned to 2 groups (n = 64/each): the mNC frozen embryo transfer group and the HRC group. In the mNC frozen embryo transfer group, ovulation was induced using human chorionic gonadotropin, and the timing of frozen embryo transfer was scheduled based on ovulation. The HRC group received estradiol valerate until the endometrial thickness reached 8 mm, then daily injections of progesterone were added and FET were performed.
Results: The participants had no significant differences in demographic characteristics. The primary outcome was clinical pregnancy rate with no significant difference between two groups (p = 0.282). No significant differences were observed between the mNC and HRC groups regarding the secondary outcome, which included human chorionic gonadotropin positive rate, chemical pregnancy rate, implantation rate, ongoing pregnancy rate, early miscarriage, ectopic pregnancy, twin pregnancy, and cycle cancellation rate. Significant differences were observed in the number of monitoring visits between the mNC frozen embryo transfer and HRC groups (p = 0.001).
Conclusion: Although the results indicate that the impact of both methods is similar, the fact that fewer visits are required in a natural cycle and there is also less need for hormones could make it preferable
The Role of MSMEs in Driving Sustainable Development in Indonesia
No full textMicro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) have an important role in driving economic growth in Indonesia. In today’s era of rapid change, diversification and digitalization are effective methods that can be implemented by MSMEs to overcome unexpected market change and are a framework for a sustainable economy. This study aims to determine the role of MSMEs in driving sustainable development in Indonesia as a form of achievement in the implementation of Sustainable Development Goals. It uses a qualitative descriptive method with document study techniques in collecting data. Data analysis is carried out by collecting, compiling, and interpreting data then arriving to conclusions. Results show that expanding diversification is one way that MSMEs can increase their competitiveness. As one of the pillars of economic growth in Indonesia, MSMEs must develop so that they can increase their competitiveness in the global arena to encourage sustainable development in the era of national transformation. In addition, carrying out digital transformation also needs to be implemented to encourage sustainable development in Indonesia
Effect of Social Media Marketing on Purchase Intention of SME's Local Food Products: Case Study in Indonesia and Malaysia
No full textThis research aims to analyze the impact of social media usage as a form of digital marketing on increasing revenue and profits. It employed an exploratory descriptive analysis approach. Respondents included Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) from Indonesia (36 respondents) and Malaysia (46 respondents). Two regions with demographic and cultural characteristics. The findings indicate that SMEs in both countries actively implement digital marketing strategies, particularly through social media platforms such as Facebook, Instagram, and WhatsApp. Additionally, the results of other studies confirm that leveraging social media for marketing contributes positively to increased revenue and profitability for SMEs
Factors Influencing the Quality of Financial and Sustainability Reports
No full textThis study explores the factors influencing Financial Reporting Quality (FRQ) and Sustainability Reporting Quality (SRQ) in Indonesian publicly listed companies. Highquality financial reporting is crucial for supporting decision-making by investors, creditors, and other stakeholders. However, earnings management and financial statement manipulation remain significant challenges, as has happened in the case of several public companies in Indonesia. Concurrently, sustainability reporting is gaining more attention as businesses shift towards environmentally, socially, and governance (ESG) responsible practices. This research aims to explore the determinant factors of FRQ and SRQ and investigate the relationship between the two. Research was conducted on ESGQKEHATI index companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). This research utilizes data from financial reports, annual reports, and sustainability reports of companies listed on the IDX for the 2019–2022 period. Through multiple linear regression analysis and 2-Stage Least Squares (2SLS) methods, the study finds that independent board supervision and institution ownership positively and significantly impact financial reporting quality. Additionally, industry classification, company size, and sustainability committees are key determinants of sustainability reporting quality. These findings emphasize the importance of strong corporate governance in enhancing corporate transparency and accountability. This study also found a reciprocal relationship between FRQ and SRQ
International Collaboration for Grassroots Social Innovation: An Analysis of Agents, Goals, Drivers, and Processes of the SUIJI Program
No full textInternational collaboration is increasingly recognized as a significant driver in addressing social and environmental challenges, particularly through grassroots social innovation. This study uses the capability approach to explore the role of the Six Universities Initiative Japan-Indonesia (SUIJI) in supporting community-based social innovation in Indonesia. The aim is to analyze how cross-cultural collaboration between Japanese and Indonesian students influences the capabilities of local communities. This research employs a qualitative approach with a case study method. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, participatory observation, and document analysis. The research participants included students, faculty members, and local community leaders in the SUIJI program. The findings indicate that the SUIJI program successfully enhanced local community capabilities, particularly regarding technical skills and participation in decision-making processes. However, Japanese students faced cultural adaptation challenges due to differences in work approaches and the absence of communitybased programs in their curriculum. To address this, it is recommended that universities in Japan integrate programs like Kuliah Kerja Nyata (KKN) into their curricula. These findings have important implications for higher education policy and highlight the need for curriculum adaptation to improve the effectiveness of international collaboration in grassroots social innovation. This study underscores the critical role of community ownership, local capacity building, and institutional support in sustaining grassroots innovation. Furthermore, it provides valuable insights into how the integration of the capability approach within social innovation practices can have a transformative impact on cross-national educational collaborations
Courtesy and Civic Virtue as Determinants of Organizational Citizenship Behavior in Bureaucratic Human Resource Management: A Study of the Kotamobagu Governmen
No full textHuman resource (HR) capabilities are needed to achieve the effectiveness of public sector services. So, it is necessary to develop agile HR management starting from employee planning, competency improvement, career development, and welfare improvement. This is so that competent, productive, and high integrity human resources can be achieved. This research aims to see how aspects of courtesy and civic virtue in the development of bureaucratic HR management in the Kotamobagu Government can be maximally implemented. It uses a qualitative approach, and data were collected through observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. Data sources consisted of primary and secondary data, while data analysis was conducted using interactive methods. The informants in this research are stakeholders and other parties directly involved in the implementation of bureaucratic HR management development in Kotamobagu Government. The results show that the development of organizational management in Kotamobagu has begun to build a strong social foundation to support openness and mutual respect. This is implemented with active participation, appreciation of contributions, and leaders who open space for dialogue. However, the reality is that there are still work culture issues, such as leaders who maintain an authoritarian style and make decisions unilaterally without involving their staff. This limits the space for employees to openly express new ideas. Other problems such as passivity and lack of knowledge of government staff are also obstacles to increasing openness to implement bureaucratic HR management
Analysis of Land Value Zones in the Determination of Tax NJOP in Indonesia
No full textThis study examines the implementation of land value zones (Zona Nilai Tanah - ZNT) in determining the selling value of tax objects (Nilai Jual Objek Pajak - NJOP) for property taxation in Indonesia. NJOP plays a crucial role in tax policy, yet its frequent disparity with actual market values often results in tax injustice and impacts regional tax revenue. Through a quantitative approach combining descriptive and comparative analyses, this research evaluates the relationship between ZNT and NJOP, utilizing primary data from surveys and interviews with stakeholders and secondary data from policy documents. Findings reveal significant challenges in ZNT’s ability to accurately reflect real market values, leading to notable discrepancies across regions. Statistical tests, including ANOVA and independent samples t-test, highlight how variations in NJOP over time and location contribute to inequities in tax burdens. These inconsistencies create both vertical and horizontal injustices, where vertical injustice refers to unequal tax burdens across different economic classes and horizontal injustice occurs when taxpayers with similar property conditions are taxed unequally due to inconsistencies in valuation. The study emphasizes the need to reform NJOP assessment methods through evidence-based approaches, such as geospatial technology, real-time data analysis, and statistical modelling, to enhance valuation accuracy. Periodic ZNT evaluations and integrating property transaction data can improve transparency, increase public trust, and support sustainable economic growth. By adopting innovative, data-driven land valuation methods, policymakers can foster a fairer and more credible tax system that better reflects dynamic market conditions. This research provides valuable insights for modernizing Indonesia’s property taxation framework, ensuring equitable tax distribution, and bolstering confidence in the tax system