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Confidence Hypothesis about Efficiency of Specific Strategies (CHESS): A Novel Parameter and its Possible Significance in Application
Full text linkIn this paper a novel term is introduced to cover for a parameter already investigated in a number of experiments conducted in the Democritus University, without, yet, being identified with a specific name. The aim of all those studies was to investigate the learning strategies frequency of use in correlation with the confidence of the subjects as to whether and to what extent such strategies enhance their language learning. In the specific experiment forty eight students from the first three grades in a State Secondary school, in Thrace, Greece, were recruited through convenience sampling, twenty four Greek native speakers and twenty four Turkish native speakers with Greek as their second language. There were sixteen learners out of each grade, eight of low and eight of high level in English, four male, four female, forty eight learners altogether, twenty four male and twenty four female students. The students had to indicate not only the level of frequency of strategy use but also their confidence in those strategies’ effectiveness; this is the introduced term Confidence Hypothesis about Efficiency of Specific Strategies (CHESS). Furthermore, the students used the Vougiouklis & Vougiouklis bar (2008) instead of the widely used Likert scale for the filling in of the questionnaires minimizing time and effort. The questionnaire used was the translated in Greek and validated SILL questionnaire with 50 items. Each of the 50 questions was followed by two bars: on the first bar the students had to specify the frequency of use of each strategy and on the second their confidence about each strategy’s effectiveness.
Quality of Life: Effects of Physical Activity in an Anthropometric, Cognitive and Psychosocial Background, and Variation of Odontoiatric Parameters
Full text linkThe "Quality of Life" project arises from the need to observe and define the existing interconnection between a "healthy" lifestyle and the quality of life perceived by people. Starting from the W.H.O. (World Health Organization) definitions of quality of life and health, and analyzing the studies that describe the benefits of both movement physical and mental, a protocol three months has been set for the pursuit of a diet and personalized training. For this purpose, 20 healthy subjects from the 1st year of the Physiotherapy degree, who had never practiced sports at an agonistic level, have been recruited. All individuals were subject to initial evaluations to define psycho-physical wellbeing, then they have been divided into two groups: the first group, defined as experimental, followed the protocol for the duration of the study, while the second, was only subject to evaluation. At the end of the three months period, the subjects of both groups were evaluated twice, the first immediately after the last training session, the second was evaluated one month from the latter. The final evaluation aimed at verifying a possible conservative effect on modification of experimental group parameters, even when physical activity and nutrition were not supervised by us. The ultimate goal of the project was to specifically analyze, after three months, the changes in cognitive memory capacity and concentration, the stress experienced in work or study, and psycho-physical wellbeing perceived by the concerned subjects. Data collected during the three evaluations showed that, in the experimental group, as our scientific protocol has altered all these parameters in terms of quality of life in positive terms, modifications are susceptible to changes in the event that physical activity and proper nutrition are not followed
Modellizzazione dei sistemi complessi: un’introduzione metodologica
Full text linkWe propose a methodological introduction in modeling dynamical systems for didactical aims. Firstly, we recall the deterministic paradigm in the description of natural phenomena, typical of classical physics and mathematically described by using differential equations. With the discovery of the deterministic chaos, the randomness of the motion is accepted and the description of phenomena is performed using stochastic differential equations. Finally, a special attention is devoted to the case of complex systems
Plural Justice (Giustizia al Plurale)
Full text linkAmong the reflections (and challenges) that multiethnic-multicultural coexistence (within a single social space but also with respect to the "world-society") perhaps one of the most important and / or crucial is to rethink the concepts of "right "and its applicability in terms of "justice" to regulate social coexistence. This article seeks to make a contribution in this regard, especially through a reflection on the work of Ricoeur and Rawls.SuntoFra le riflessioni (e sfide) che la convivenza multietnica-multiculturale (nell’ambito di un unico spazio sociale ma anche rispetto alla “società-mondo”) forse una delle più importanti e/o cruciali è quella di ripensare i concetti di “diritto” e la sua applicabilità in termini di “giustizia” per regolare la convivenza sociale. Questo articolo cerca di fornire un contributo in questo senso,soprattutto attraverso una riflessione sull’opera di Ricoeur e Rawls.Parole Chiave: Società multietnico-multiculturale, interculturalismo, giustizia, Paul Ricoeur,John Rawls
Market research in social and in solving problems of uncertainty
Full text linkThis work is a result of the author's great experience in the market researches field. Mixing both theoretical and practical aspects, it analyses market research as a useful tool to take decisions when uncertainty is dominant, in the light of the social changes occurred over the last 15 years
On a Geometric Foundation of Mathematics (Su una Fondazione Geometrica della Matematica)
Full text linkFrege with Grundlagen der Arithmetik and Hilbert with Grundlagen der Geometrie are two outstanding figures that are attributed to a fundamental role in the arithmetization of mathematics. However, the latest writings of Frege, released posthumously, testify to his reflection on the nature of mathematics. In them Frege argues that mathematics is all about geometry and begins a theory that aims to define complex numbers geometrically. For this purpose he introduced a notion of identical relationships that tends to set up a geometric aspect ratio. In addition, Grundlagen der Geometrie can be given a radically different reading from that which emphasizes Hilbert's exclusive intention to found geometry on a purely formal axiomatic system. Several authors argue that by his work, and in particular through the arithmetic of the segments introduced in it, Hilbert wanted to emancipate the geometry from instruments outside her, such as numbers, finding them within a substantially synthetic geometry
Breve guida didattica e metodologica all'elaborazione di una tesina e alla lettura di un testo di studio
Full text linkNon ci occuperemo di didattica di una determinata disciplina in senso stretto ma di metodologia di studio, di lettura critica di un testo sociologico in vista della formazione dello studente e del suo obiettivo globale finale: la redazione di una tesina, primo passo verso la tesi. Inoltre siamo convinti che non ci può essere una buona formazione dell’insegnante senza una buona formazione a monte, quella dello studente ch’egli è stato, e che si conclude con la discussione della tesi, intesa come la conclusione di un lungo processo cognitivo, di un tirocinio sistematico e accurato che inizia sui libri di studio. Qui non diamo la bibliografia sul modo di redigere una tesi, per la vastità bibliografica sull'argomento (che generalmente lo studente ricava da Internet), a partire dal libro magistrale di Umberto Eco (Come si fa una tesi di laurea, “Tascabili” Bompiani, Milano, 1977) poiché non è nostra intenzione vagliare quanto scritto in materia, ma fornire per mancanza di tempo e di spazio un'introduzione al problema, un minimo contributo di poche pagine nel campo empirico, piuttosto che nel campo teorico, in quanto già ampiamente sfruttato dalla retorica classica dell'argomentazione, su cui da Aristotele in poi molto è stato detto e scritto. Come abbozzare innanzi tutto alcuni punti di un lavoro che, per quanto non ancora del tutto definito, si va delineando nella nostra mente come alcune linee di base, programmatiche e concrete, mirate a definire i momenti di un’ulteriore riflessione dello studente? Poco importa per ora la successione degli argomenti ma è necessario fornire i punti salienti di questo nostro intervento mediante un breve sommario non ancora articolato, proprio come faremmo per elaborare una tesina. Ricerca bibliografica: soggetto, autori e sigle; progettazione di un piano di lavoro: indice, capitoli e sottocapitoli. – Scheda di lettura, scheda critica di un libro per la recensione; tipi e strategie di lettura: globale e analitica; lettura intensiva, i simboli grafici, parole chiave e frasi chiave, dal breve riassunto alla sintesi. Gradualità nelle scelta delle letture, dalla lettura formativa alle letture di approfondimento, dal riassunto alla sintesi
The Catenary in History and Applications (La Catenaria nella Storia e nelle Applicazioni)
Full text linkThe catenary is one of the most common curves; it is, in fact, the shape assumed by a homogeneous and inextensible chain, fixed to the extremities, which is subject only to its own weight. The catenary has always fascinated not only mathematicians but also architects and engineers, who have often used it in their works due to its remarkable properties. In this note, the catenary is introduced by determining its equation and considering its history from Galileo Galilei to the present day, pointing out a historical mistake. Then, some of its applications to architecture and engineering are shown and the catenary is compared to the parabola, a curve that at first sight can look similar to catenary but must not be confused with it. Finally, some variants of the catenary are considered: the weighted catenary and the catenary of equal resistance, highlighting their properties and their practical applications
Book Review: “Difesa, Sicurezza ed Economia. Enrico Barone e la Guerra tra Razionalità e Sentimento” by Catia Eliana Gentilucci, ESI, Napoli, 2017
Full text linkBarone proposes a theory of war influenced by marginalist theory and Prussian military thought which is critical of historical determinism and includes the belief that the main reason of social evolution is the search for power
Autogenic Training and Professional Pedagogy (Training Autogeno e Pedagogia Professionale)
Full text linkAutogenic Training (das Autogenes Training) is a procedure that has been proposed by J. H. Schultz in 1932, originally with the purpose of relaxation, but which over the decades extended its role and its applications for the most varied of enhancing human personal resources. His teaching is practiced by different professionals. In this paper we discuss the contribution of social and professional pedagogy in this context and the corresponding practice, considering the methodology, didactics, the conception of the helping and assistance relationship to the person and the contribution non therapeutic to health. Even the linguistic problems in the translation from German to Italian language require attention. In the AT the professional pedagogist, apical professional in educational problems find its field of scope and exercise which has many original and very interesting features