Malaysian Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities
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Sinkretisme Agama dan Fungsinya dalam Karya Historiografi Melayu Sulalatus Salatin
No full textFungsi Selat Melaka sebagai laluan perdagangan antara Timur dengan Barat menyebab masyarakat Melayu sentiasa terdedah kepada dunia luar sehingga menganut beberapa agama berbeza dari satu zaman ke zaman yang lain. Walaupun telah memeluk Islam seawal kurun ke-13 Masihi, agama dan kepercayaan yang lampau masih menebal malahan dipertindankan dengan agama Islam sehingga membentuk sinkretisme dalam pandangan Alam Melayu. Hal tersebut terpancar dalam penulisan yang dihasilkan oleh masyarakat ini termasuklah Sulalatus Salatin yang merupakan salah satu karya historiografi terawal serta terpenting dalam sejarah kesusasteraan Melayu. Namun, sebagai karya yang dihasilkan di bawah naungan istana, Sulalatus Salatin ditulis dengan memasukkan idea-idea tertentu yang menjurus kepada kepentingan golongan raja. Persoalannya, apakah fungsi sinkretisme agama dipaparkan dalam Sulalatus Salatin? Bagaimanakah kemasukan sinkretisme e agama mampu memberi manfaat kepada raja, sesuai dengan tujuan asal penulisan karya historiografi? Bertitik-tolak dari itu, kajian ini dilakukan dengan dua objektif iaitu untuk mengenal pasti elemen sinkretisme agama dalam pandangan Alam Melayu tradisional, serta menganalisis fungsi sinkretisme agama dalam karya historiografi Melayu Sulalatus Salatin. Metodologi yang digunakan adalah analisis teks terhadap Sulalatus Salatin serta kaedah kepustakaan untuk mendapatkan bahan rujukan mengenai sinkretisme agama. Kajian ini mendapati, elemen magis adalah tumpuan utama masyarakat Melayu dalam mana-mana agama yang sedang atau pernah dianutinya. Oleh itu, elemen magis yang diwarisi dari zaman pra-Islam tidak disingkirkan sepenuhnya bahkan melengkapi elemen magis dalam agama Islam. Sumbangan kajian ini mendapati elemen agama amat penting dalam mengangkat legitimasi raja agar kedudukannya sebagai pemerintah berdaulat terus terpelihara dalam sesebuah negara kota
Kepimpinan Distributif Pengetua dan Komuniti Pembelajaran Profesional Guru di Sekolah Menengah Daerah Saratok, Sarawak
No full textKepimpinan distributif ialah struktur pengurusan yang unik kerana menekankan pentingnya hubungan dan kerja berpasukan daripada rangka kerja kepimpinan atasan sehingga kepada ahli-ahli organisasi di bawahnya. Komuniti pembelajaran profesional pula terdiri daripada pasukan pendidik iaitu guru yang berkongsi idea-idea untuk meningkatkan amalan pengajaran mereka dan mewujudkan persekitaran pembelajaran bagi murid mencapai potensi penuh mereka. Kajian ini dilaksanakan di Saratok, Sarawak memandangkan kurangnya kajian lepas berkaitan kedua-dua pemboleh ubah dilaksanakan di luar bandar. Seramai 186 orang guru sekolah menengah terlibat sebagai responden kajian. Antara tujuan kajian dijalankan ialah untuk mengenal pasti tahap kepimpinan distributif pengetua dan tahap komuniti pembelajaran profesional guru sekolah menengah serta untuk mengkaji hubungan antara kedua-duanya. Kajian ini menggunakan kaedah tinjauan dengan menggunakan soal selidik melalui pendekatan kuantitatif secara deskriptif dan inferensi. Data dikumpul dan dianalisis menggunakan Statistical Package for the Social Science (SPSS) versi 29.0. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan tahap kepimpinan distributif pengetua adalah sangat tinggi (min=4.453, s.p=0.495), tahap komuniti pembelajaran profesional guru adalah sangat tinggi (min=4.312, s.p=0.445) dan hubungan korelasi yang signifikan pada tahap positif yang sangat kuat antara kedua-dua pemboleh ubah [r (186) = 0.820, p<0.001]. Dengan dapatan kajian ini diharap gaya kepimpinan distributif ini dapat menjadi panduan pengetahuan kepada pengetua atau guru besar dalam memacu kecemerlangan organisasi pendidikan dan mengoptimumkan pelaksanaan komuniti pembelajaran profesional di sekolah bagi melahirkan murid berkualiti sesuai dengan aspirasi negara Malaysia
Strategi Pembelajaran Sebutan Bahasa Arab dalam Kemahiran Bertutur Pelajar di Sekolah Agama Menengah (SAM)
No full textSebutan yang betul dan jelas akan membantu pelajar meningkatkan kemahiran bertutur. Dalam konteks bahasa Arab, kesilapan sebutan membawa kepada kesalahan dalam menyampaikan maksud perkataan tersebut, akhirnya mengakibatkan kekeliruan mesej. Oleh itu, pelajar harus memberi perhatian yang sewajarnya terhadap penggunaan strategi pembelajaran sebutan dalam pembelajaran dan pengajaran kemahiran bertutur di peringkat sekolah menengah lagi. Justeru, kertas ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan maklumat tentang pelaksanaan strategi pembelajaran sebutan bahasa Arab dalam kemahiran bertutur pelajar. Instrumen kajian menggunakan soal selidik dengan nilai kebolehpercayaan berada dalam julat 0.80 hingga 0.90. Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif berasaskan reka bentuk kajian tinjauan. Sampel kajian seramai 132 orang pelajar tingkatan empat dan lima di sekolah agama menengah (SAM) di daerah Sepang. Data dianalisis menggunakan statistik deskriptif iaitu kekerapan, peratus dan min bagi menjelaskan persoalan kajian. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan pelaksanaan strategi pembelajaran sebutan bahasa Arab pelajar berada pada tahap sederhana (M=2.59). Pelaksanaan strategi pembelajaran sebutan bahasa Arab dilihat memberi impak positif kepada kemahiran bertutur pelajar. Pelajar perlu sedar tentang kewujudan strategi pembelajaran sebutan dan memilih strategi yang sesuai untuk dipraktikkan sebelum, semasa dan selepas mempelajari kemahiran bertutur
The Impact of Third-Party Payment on The Profitability of Commercial Banks: Evidence from China
No full textThe research aimed to investigate third-party payment's impact on commercial banks' profitability: evidence from China. Drawing upon prior literature review and empirical evidence, this study gathered annual data. In recent years, propelled by the widespread adoption of Internet and information technologies, China's third-party payment sector has undergone significant expansion. The burgeoning array of third-party payment services has begun to exert a discernible influence on commercial banks. This paper synthesizes pertinent theoretical frameworks and research findings concerning the interplay between third-party payment systems and commercial banks' profitability. Drawing on annual data spanning 2013 to 2021 from a sample of 38 commercial banks, we investigate the ramifications of third-party payment on the profitability of these banks. Employing panel data analysis techniques, the empirical findings reveal a negative correlation between third-party payment and commercial banks' profitability, indicating a downturn in profitability associated with the proliferation of third-party payment services. The data from local banks in China, comprising a sample of 38 commercial banks. The dataset spans 2013 to 2021 and was analyzed using a panel data model. The results revealed an overall negative impact of third-party payment on the return on assets of commercial banks
Kepimpinan Distributif Guru Besar dan Komitmen Guru di Sekolah Transformasi (TS25) di Johor Bahru
No full textKepimpinan Distributif mengimplementasikan amalan kepimpinan yang lebih bersifat kebersamaan dan perkongsian tanggungjawab di antara pengurus sekolah dan guru di sesebuah sekolah dilihat berupaya untuk mempengaruhi komitmen guru ke arah pembentukan sekolah berkualiti. Satu usaha KPM ialah Program Sekolah Transformasi 2025 (TS25), yang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kemenjadian murid dan kualiti sekolah dengan membudayakan amalan terbaik dalam pengurusan dan kepimpinan. Objektif kajian bermatlamat untuk mengukur tahap kepimpinan distributif guru besar dan komitmen guru di Sekolah Transformasi (TS25) di daerah Johor Bahru, Johor. Kajian berbentuk tinjauan ini melibatkan seramai 280 orang guru di sekolah rendah (TS25). Perisian SPSS versi 27 digunakan untuk mentafsirkan data kuantitatif dan membuat kesimpulan. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahawa kepimpinan distributif guru besar adalah tinggi (min=4.56, sp=0.43), dan komitmen guru juga tinggi (min=4.08, sp=0.43). Hubungan positif yang signifikan pada tahap sederhana (r=0.432**, p<0.01) antara kepimpinan distributif guru besar dan komitmen guru ditemui dalam analisis inferensi dengan ujian Korelasi Pearson. Kesimpulannya kajian ini membuktikan bahawa kepimpinan distributif memberi impak terhadap komitmen guru untuk bergerak bersama pemimpin sekolah dalam menterjemahkan kejayaan pelaksanaan sekolah transformasi (TS25), turut membantu PPD,JPN atau KPM dalam merangka dan menyediakan dasar, pelan atau latihan kepada barisan kepimpinan sekolah mahupun guru bagi merealisasikan kepimpinan berkualiti dan guru yang kompeten dan beraspirasi tinggi
Intrinsic Motivation to Increase the Involvement of Student in Physical Education
No full textPhysical Education classes in primary schools are now more student focused. Teachers should adopt approaches that engage less motivated students in activities. Competition can enhance motivation and interest among primary school students in Physical Education. This study aims to identify strategies to increase intrinsic motivation and student involvement in Physical Education. Utilizing a quantitative design, data was collected through the Intrinsic Motivation Inventory (IMI) watand analyzed using descriptive statistics. The findings revealed that incorporating competitive elements significantly boosted students' intrinsic motivation and participation in Physical Education classes. This study provides valuable insights for teachers and serves as a reference for future research, emphasizing the importance of tailored teaching methods to enhance student engagement
A Review of Social Issues in Relation to the Rabies Outbreak in Sarawak, Malaysia
No full textThis article aims to review studies on social issues, patient management, and preventive behaviors related to the human rabies outbreak in Sarawak. The review analysed 19 documents from databases and 6 newspaper reports. Studies highlighted factors such as population density, seasonal patterns, and contact with dogs as contributing to the risk of rabies. Control efforts focused on dog vaccination and public education. Key epidemiological studies revealed a high case fatality rate and low rates of immediate medical treatment post-exposure. Social issues such as mishandling of patients, lack of federal support, and low public awareness were significant obstacles. Community engagement and interventions, including educational tools and behavioral assessments, were essential for improving rabies control. Health-seeking behavior patterns showed a general lack of prompt action post-exposure, with many patients seeking treatment too late. Prevention strategies emphasized the “One Health” approach, integrating human and animal health surveillance to enhance rabies control. Comprehensive public education, community involvement, and resource allocation are critical to addressing the ongoing challenges of rabies prevention in Sarawak
Implications of Leveraging AI in Students’ Academic Writing: A Review Analysis
No full textArtificial intelligence has significantly reduced the need for human activity in education. Numerous AI technologies are already present in various academic applications created to help students with their academic writing. However, although the leverage of AI in academic writing for a student is associated with numerous opportunities, it also raises multiple issues and problems that should be thoroughly investigated. The objective of this study is to review the implications of leveraging AI in student academic writing. This study employed a review analysis approach, examining relevant literature based on the specified keywords. The methodology of this study includes: (a) a technique for searching the literature; (b) determining inclusion and exclusion criteria; and (c) a review analysis process. The review analysis identified several implications of leveraging AI for students’ academic writing. They include, but are not limited to: (a) paradigm shift in learning; (b) ethical considerations and research integrity; (c) enhancing writing abilities and efficiency; (d) redefining academic writing practices; and (e) collaboration between AI and human writers. In conclusion, leveraging AI as a supplementary tool has revealed several positive implications for students' academic writing and has considered the significance and relevance of these findings. For additional studies, a broader discussion of the ethical concerns associated with the leverage of AI in academic writing will have to be developed
Investigating the Psychometric Properties of a Personality Questionnaire among University Lecturers in Malaysia
No full textThis study investigates the psychometric properties of a personality questionnaire developed for university lecturers in Malaysia, assessing the Big Five personality traits: extraversion, conscientiousness, agreeableness, neuroticism, and openness to experience. A sample of 30 lecturers from Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) and Universiti Malaysia Sarawak (UNIMAS) was examined, with the questionnaire showing strong internal consistency, reflected in a Cronbach’s Alpha of 0.959. Demographic variables, including gender, age, marital status, and academic qualifications, were analyzed to provide further context for the findings. The results validate the questionnaire as an effective tool for assessing personality traits among Malaysian academics, offering valuable insights into how these traits may influence teaching effectiveness and professional behavior. This study contributes to the development of tailored psychometric tools in the Malaysian academic context and provides a foundation for further research into personality and its role in higher education
FDI Impact on China's Sectoral Performance: A Panel Cointegration and Causality Analysis
No full textThis study provides a thorough examine the influence of FDI inflows and outflows on China's economic growth across three major sectors. Using panel data from 1997 to 2022 in China, it utilizes tests for unit roots and cointegration to investigate the enduring connection between FDI and economic growth. The research results validate the existence of a long-standing cointegration relationship between FDI and economic expansion. Additionally, this research employs the Granger causality test to ascertain the direction of causality between FDI and economic growth. The study reveals a two-way causality between foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows and overall economic growth, which supports the hypothesis of feedback causality. Additionally, there exists a one-way causality originating from FDI inflows across various sectors, suggesting that growth attracts FDI. The government should encourage foreign investment to enhance the industrial structure and boost economic growth