Högskolebiblioteket i Halmstad Publikationer
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Nurse´s experiences in caring for patients at the end of life at home : A general literature study
No full textBakgrund: Palliativ vård i livets slutskede syftar till att lindra lidande och främja livskvalitet när kurativ behandling inte längre är möjlig. Ett ökande antal patienter uttrycker en önskan att få vårdas i hemmet, vilket ställer höga krav på sjuksköterskans kompetens, självständighet och förmåga att ge stöd till både patient och närstående. Syfte: Syftet med litteraturstudie var att beskriva sjuksköterskors erfarenheter av att vårda patienter i livets slutskede i hemmet. Metod: En allmän litteraturstudie genomfördes och var baserad på tio kvalitativa artiklar publicerade på CINAHL och PubMed. Popenoe`s metod för dataanalys användes. Resultat: Analysen resulterade i tre huvudkategorier: Meningsfullt och utmanande omvårdnadsarbete tillsammans med patienten, Stöd till närstående vid livets slutskede, Organisatoriska faktorers påverkan på omvårdnaden vid livets slutskede. Sjuksköterskor beskrev arbetet som meningsfullt men samtidigt emotionellt och praktiskt krävande. Bristande resurser, ensamhet i beslutsfattande och etiska dilemman framkom som påfrestande faktorer, medan möjligheten att bidra till en värdig död upplevdes ge arbetet mening.Konklusion: Palliativ hemsjukvård upplevdes som både berikande och krävande. För att främja en trygg, värdig och personcentrerad vård i livets slutskede krävs organisatoriskt stöd, kontinuerlig handledning och riktad utbildning som stärker sjuksköterskors professionella förutsättningar.Background: Palliative care at the end of life aims to alleviate suffering and promote quality of life when curative treatment is no longer possible. An increasing number of patients express a wish to remain at home in end of life, placing high demands on nurses’ competence, independency and ability to support both patients and their relatives. Aim: The aim of the literature review was to describe the nurses’ experiences of providing care for patients at the end of life at home. Method: A general literature review was conducted based on ten qualitative studies published on CINAHL and PubMed. Popenoe`s method for data analysis was used. Results: The analysis resulted in three main categories: Meaningful and challenging nursing work together with the patient, Support for loved ones at the end of life, The impact of organizational factors on nursing at the end of life. Nurses described their work as meaningful yet both emotionally and practically demanding. Lacking resources, loneliness in decision making, and ethical dilemmas were identified as stressful factors whereas contributing to a dignified death was perceived as deeply rewarding. Conclusion: Home based palliative care was experienced as both enriching and demanding. To ensure safe, dignified, and person-centered end of life care, organizational support, continuous supervision, and targeted education are essential to strengthen nurses’ professional presumptions.
Läslust på mellanstadiet : En litteraturstudie om skolfaktorers påverkan påmellanstadieelevers läslust
No full textEn god läsförmåga har stor betydelse för barns framtid och läslust är ofta en viktig faktor föratt utveckla denna förmåga. Trots detta visar undersökningar av PISA att både läsförmågaoch läslust bland elever har minskat de senaste åren, vilket väcker frågan om vilka faktorerinom skolan som påverkar elevers läslust. Syftet med denna studie var därför att undersökavilka faktorer inom skolan som påverkar mellanstadieelevers läslust. Tidigare studier harpekat på användningen av digitala verktyg, omgivningens attityder, motivation och olikaundervisningsstrategier som viktiga faktorer för att påverka läslust inom skolan. Genom ensystematisk litteraturstudie identifierades 13 relevanta artiklar. Resultaten analyseradestematiskt och resulterade i fem huvudteman. Digitala verktyg visade sig ha övervägandepositiva effekter på elevers läslust. Dessutom påverkades läslusten av både inre och yttremotivationsfaktorer. Omgivningens attityder, undervisningsstrategier, läsförmåga ochorganisatoriska faktorer hade både positiva och negativa effekter på läslust
Trajectories of Platform-mediated Gig Work in Nordic Taxi and Food Delivery Industries
No full textWhile the Nordic labor market model is renowned for providing ‘good’ jobs, we have over the last decade nonetheless seen the rise of platform-mediated gig work, associated with relatively precarious working conditions, in the Nordic countries. Analyzing the emergence and development of platform-mediated gig work in the taxi and food delivery industries in Denmark, Finland, Norway,and Sweden, this article identifies four trajectories: Evasion, disruption, adaption, and market exit. It shows that gig platforms established themselves in the ‘fringes’ of the Nordic labor market model, evaded regulations by classifying workers as self-employed contractors, recruited workers from marginalized segments of the labor force, and provoked regulatory responses that deregulatedmarkets to facilitate their business model. The analysis thus highlights the importance of product market regulations in shaping the development of platform-mediated gig work and emphasizes the segmented nature of the Nordic labor market model. ©2020 Author and Journal
Resilient clustering for the ETSI Vulnerable Road User Awareness basic service
No full textThe VRU Awareness Basic Service, part of the European Telecommunications Standards Institute protocol, aims to enhance traffic safety by mitigating accidents involving pedestrians, cyclists, and motorcyclists. A significant challenge lies in the clustering VRU Awareness Message to prevent network congestion while ensuring reliable Vulnerable Road User detection. Current approaches based on preliminary clustering standards face challenges when cluster leaders become unreachable, leading to cluster dissolution and increased network contention. This thesis proposes a resilient clustering protocol that eliminates the need for leader negotiation, utilizing a timer-based approach with randomized jitter intervals to reduce contention and improve fault tolerance. Simulations using theArtery framework demonstrated that the new protocol reduced message transmis-sions by 60% while maintaining high Vulnerable Road User awareness exceeding95%. These findings demonstrate that the proposed clustering protocol improves upon preliminary European Telecommunications Standards Institute clustering specifications by reducing network contention and enhancing both safety and efficiency in Intelligent Transport Systems.VRU Awareness Basic Service, som är en del av European Telecommunications Standards Institute-protokollet, syftar till att förbättra trafiksäkerheten genomatt minska antalet olyckor med fotgängare, cyklister och motorcyklister. En betydande utmaning ligger i att klustra VRU Awareness Message för att förhindra överbelastning av nätverket och samtidigt säkerställa tillförlitlig Vulnerable Road User-detektering. Nuvarande metoder baserade på preliminära klusterstandarder står inför utmaningar när klusterledare blir oåtkomliga, vilket leder till klusterupplösning och ökad nätverkskonflikt. Denna uppsats föreslår ett motståndskraftigt klusterprotokoll som eliminerar behovet av ledarförhandling och använder ett timerbaserat tillvägagångssätt med slumpmässiga jitterintervall för att minska nätverkskonkurrensen och förbättra feltoleransen. Simuleringar med Artery-ramverket visade att det nya protokollet minskade meddelandeöverföringar med 60%, samtidigt som det upprätthöll en hög medvetenhet som översteg 95%. Dessa resultat visar att det föreslagna klustringsprotokollet förbättrar de preliminära klustringsspecifikationerna för ETSI genom att minska nätverkskonflikter och förbättra både säkerhet och effektivitet i Intelligent Transport Systems
Investigation of LoRaWAN-based system for water quality monitoring
No full textThe purpose of this thesis is to look into the development and assessment of a (long-range wide area network) LoRaWAN-based system for monitoring water quality in real time under various conditions. Our research uses long-range (LoRa) technology to address the shortcomings of earlier methods and offer a more effective and scalable alternative.Our goal was to create a complete framework that would use LoRaWAN to gather, transmit, and analyze data about water quality. This involved choosing and combining LoRaWAN modules with sensors for vital indicators. A central server for data processing, gateways, and sensor nodes made up the network architecture.Experiments conducted in the field demonstrated that our system measures the water quality constantly and correctly, offering long-term and sustainable operation with low power consumption and broad coverage. Although there were some issues with sensor calibration and the reliability of data transmission, LoRaWAN's advantages—such as its affordability, scalability, and operational efficiency—were evident. In addition to recommendations for future improvements in data analytics and sensor integration, our study provides an extensible real-time monitoring solution
Kriminalvårdares hälsofrämjande arbete med intagna
No full textKriminalvården framställs ofta i en negativ bemärkelse i dagens samhälle. Tankarna kan snabbt vandra till mörker, straff och en känsla av skräck när man tänker på fängelser och kriminalvård. Men det är lätt att glömma bort att det finns människor bakom handlingarna som ledde till att de blev inlåsta. Psykisk ohälsa är en viktig aspekt som ofta förbises när det diskuteras om kriminalvården, trots att den har stor betydelse. Genom ett hälsofrämjande arbete som fokuserar på den psykiska hälsan hos de intagna kan vi inte bara gynna den enskilde individen, utan även samhället i stort. Kriminalvården bör ses som en fas av rehabilitering som förbereder de intagna för att återvända till samhället. Genom att erbjuda stöd för den psykiska hälsan kan vi ge de intagna verktygen de behöver för att bidra positivt till samhället efter att de har avtjänat sitt straff. Studiens syfte har varit att utforska hur kriminalvårdare främjar hälsa hos intagna. Medhjälp av en kvalitativ metod har tio semistrukturerade intervjuer genomförts med kriminalvårdare både inom kriminalvård och frivård. Studiens teoretiska utgångspunkt är ramfaktorteorin och salutogenes. Resultaten pekar på att faktorer som ramförutsättningar, samarbete och relationer är avgörande för det hälsofrämjande arbetet med intagna inom kriminalvården.The correctional system is often portrayed in a negative perspective in today's society. Thoughts quickly turn to darkness, punishment, and a sense of dread when considering prisons and correctional facilities. It's important not to overlook the individuals behind the actions that led to their incarceration. Mental health is a significant aspect that is often related in discussions about the correctional system, despite its importance. Through health-promoting efforts that focus on the mental well-being of inmates, we can benefit not only the individual but also society as a whole. The correctional system should be seen as a phase of rehabilitation that prepares inmates for reintegration into society. By providing support for mental health, we can equip inmates with the tools they need to make positive contributions to society after serving their sentences.The purpose of the study was to explore how correctional officers promote the health of inmates. Using a qualitative method, ten semi-structured interviews were conducted with correctional officers working both in prisons and probation services. The theoretical foundation of the study is the frame factor theory and salutogenesis. The results indicate that factors such as framework conditions, collaboration, and relationships are crucial for health promotion efforts with inmates within the correctional system
Vad barn uttrycker om bilder
No full textThe purpose of this study is to explore how children express themselves verbally and emotionally when working with wordless images featuring either abstract or representational images. The study also aims to examine how these different types of visual images stimulate children's inferential thinking and narrative abilities. This qualitative study employs a microethnographic method, with data collected through participant observations and conversations with 16 children aged 4–5 years from two preschools. The children engaged with images from books featuring abstract illustrations inspired by Jackson Pollock’s art and detailed illustrations from Hundpromenaden by Sven Nordqvist. The data were analyzed thematically to identify patterns in the children’s verbal and bodily expressions. The results show that the representational images facilitated the children's understanding and inspired concrete stories, while the abstract images challenged their thinking and encouraged more imaginative and speculative narratives. Emotional reactions also differed between the image types: detailed images often evoked recognition and joy, whereas abstract images sometimes elicited frustration but also stimulated creativity. Keywords: wordless images, children's language, narrative thinking, inferential thinking, abstract images, representational images, emotions. Syftet med studien är att undersöka hur barn uttrycker sig språkligt och känslomässigtnär de arbetar med ordlösa bilder med antingen abstrakta eller föreställande bilder.Studien syftar också till att förstå hur dessa olika bildtyper kan stimulera barnsinferenstänkande och narrativa förmågor, samt hur bilder kan fungera som pedagogiskaverktyg.Studien använder en kvalitativ ansats med mikroetnografisk metodik. Data samlades ingenom deltagande observationer och samtal med 16 barn i åldrarna 4–5 år från tvåförskolor. Barnen arbetade i små grupper och fick tolka bilder gjorda av oss inspireradeav Jackson Pollocks abstrakta konst och Sven Nordqvists föreställande illustrationer iHundpromenaden. Deras verbala, kroppsliga och narrativa uttryck dokumenterades ochanalyserades tematiskt.Resultaten visar att de relaterade lättare till föreställande bilder genom att koppla demtill sina egna erfarenheter och känslor. De abstrakta bilderna utmanade deras förståelsemen uppmuntrade till kreativa och spekulativa berättelser. Teman som identifieradesinkluderar känslomässiga uttryck, fantasi, färg och form, samt lekfullhet
Blimp-based Crime Scene Analysis
No full textCrime is a critical problem-which often takes place behind closed doors, posing additional difficulties for investigators. To bring hidden truths to light, evidence at indoor crime scenes must be documented before any contamination or degradation occurs. Here, we address this challenge from the perspective of artificial intelligence (AI), computer vision, and robotics: Specifically, we explore the use of a blimp as a "floating camera" to drift over and record evidence with minimal disturbance. Adopting a rapid prototyping approach, we develop a proof-of-concept to investigate capabilities required for manual or semi-autonomous operation. Consequently, our results demonstrate the feasibility of equipping indoor blimps with various components (such as RGB and thermal cameras, LiDARs, and WiFi, with 20 minutes of battery life). Moreover, we confirm the core premise: that such blimps can be used to observe crime scene evidence while generating little airflow. We conclude by proposing some ideas related to detection (e.g., of bloodstains), mapping, and path planning, with the aim of stimulating further discussion and exploration. © 2025 Copyright for this paper by its authors. Use permitted under Creative Commons License Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)
Consumer Engagement with TimeLimited Gamification in FMCG ECommerce : A Qualitative Study of Flipkart Users in India
No full textGamification is an increasingly popular tactic for e-commerce companies to encourageuser engagement, but its impact within the fast-moving consumer goods (FMCG) industry is anunderdeveloped area of study. In this article, we explore the impact of time-limited gamificationelements like daily streaks, festival spin-the-wheel games, and flash quests upon user engagementwithin FMCG e-commerce websites. Through qualitative case study methodology, in-depthinterviews were carried out among ten Indian users of the e-commerce firm, Flipkart. Thematicanalysis reported that user engagement results from an interaction of intrinsic needs like curiosity,achievement, and entertainment, and extrinsic rewards like rewards and discounts. Time-limitedcampaigns were determined to boost app visits, encourage participation in platform activities, andsometimes induce purchase impulsiveness, and their emotional outcomes varied from thrill andsatisfaction through reward fatigue and anxiety. Cultural dimensions, seasonal considerations, andsocial considerations, along with trust and fairness perception, also moderated the pattern ofengagement. The results generalize the applicability of Uses and Gratifications Theory for FMCGe-commerce and emphasize the interaction among motivation, timing mechanics, contextualconsiderations, and ethical beliefs upon user behaviour formation. The article provides practicalrecommendations for platform designers for formulating culturally sensitive, ethically sound, andsustainable gamification policies.
Electric Vehicle Adoption: AI Driven Charging Recommendation System on Electric Vehicle (EV) adoption : A case of India
No full textAdopting electric vehicles (EVs) reduces carbon emissions and promotes sustainable transportation. However, limited and insufficient charging stations make it hard for more people to use EVs, especially in India. Challenges such as worrying about running out of battery, uneven distribution of charging stations, and long waiting times create barriers for potential users. This study examines the factors influencing users’ intention to adopt AI-driven electric vehicle (EV) charging station recommendation systems in India, applying the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) as the guiding framework. Drawing on survey data and statistical analysis, the research finds that performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, and facilitating conditions all exert significant positive effects on adoption intention, with social influence emerging as the strongest predictor. The findings underscore that while infrastructure readiness is an important enabler, the widespread uptake of AI-enabled charging solutions will depend more on perceptions of usefulness, ease of use, trust, and social legitimacy. These insights contribute to technology adoption research in emerging markets and offer actionable implications for policymakers, service providers, and developers seeking to advance smart mobility in India