International Journal of Health and Clinical Research
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Study of hematological parameters in cases of splenomegaly
Full text linkBackground: This was a prospective study carried out in the department of pathology of a tertiary care hospital during a period of one and half years (Nov 2016- June2018). All patients presented with palpable spleen were included in study. Blood samples were collected for complete hemogram, reticulocyte count, sickling test, osmotic fragility and other haematological investigations if needed. Bone marrow examination and serum electrophoresis was done whenever necessary. Grading of splenomegaly was done by Hackett’s classification. Data collected was analysed to find out the etiology of splenomegaly and its haematological manifestations. Maximum cases were seen in the age group of 11-20 years (19.23%) with a male preponderance. Objectives: To study haematological parameters in cases of splenomegaly in all age groups. To correlate splenomegaly with various hematological parameters and to evaluate hematological and non hematological causes of splenomegaly. Results: Total 260 cases of splenomegaly were studied in this present study. Hematological causes of splenomegaly (53.85%) were more common than the non hematological causes (46.15%). Anemia (38.85%) was the most common cause of splenomegaly among the hematological disorders followed by leukemia (11.92%) where as infective etiology (30.77%) was the predominant cause among the non hematological disorders. Hackett’s grade I splenomegaly was seen in maximum number of case (38.46%). Conclusion: There was no significant correlation between degree of splenomegaly and degree of cytopenia. Increasing splenic size was significantly associated with occurrence of hypersplenism
Knowledge of Hand Hygiene practices among trainees of a medical college in South Karnataka
Full text linkBackground: Hand hygiene is a simple measure that plays an important role in the reduction of the incidence of healthcare-associated infections. Compliance with adequate hand hygiene practices among the healthcare workers is only 40%. Objective: To estimate the level of Knowledge about Hand hygiene among the trainees of medicine at a tertiary care teaching hospital. Materials and methods: The present study was a cross-sectional study done for a duration of 3 months from September 2021 to November 2021 among 140 interns at a Government Medical College, Chamarajanagar. Data were collected by using the "WHO hand hygiene questionnaire for health care workers" and analyzed using Microsoft office excel 2010. Results: Only 23 (16.4%) of interns had a strong knowledge of hand hygiene while the majority had moderate understanding 97 (69.2%). Conclusion: Awareness regarding Hand hygiene practices needs to be improved through regular sensitization workshops and onsite practical guidance
Comparative study of Thickness of Wharton’s Jelly of Umbilical Cord in Normal and PIH Patients on histological basis by using special stain –PAS stain
Full text linkAim and objectives: To compare the thickness of Wharton’s jelly of umbilical cord in normal and PIH patients on histological basis by using special stain i.e. Pas stain1. To measure the thickness of Wharton’s Jelly of umbilical cord in normal and PIH patients.2. To measure the thickness of Wharton’s Jelly of umbilical in PIH patients.3. To compare between the thickness of Wharton’s Jelly of umbilical cord in normal and PIH patients. Method: The study sampled 50 normal placenta with umbilical cord and 50 placenta with umbilical cord from PIH patients are included in the study. After delivery, the umbilical cord with placenta were collected from labour room of MGM Hospital, Kalamboli, Navi Mumbai and fixed in 10% formalin solution. For Histology: Standard procedure for staining were used. Slides were prepared and stained with special stain. (PAS Stain). The thickness of wharton’s jelly was measured with micrometer eyepiece. Statistical analysis: Data is analysed by using statistical software SPSS version -16. Results:1. Special Stain (PAS Stain) was performed for all umbilical cord samples. In normal as well as PIH, we found 2 arteries and 1 vein.2. PAS stain was used to differentiate Wharton’s Jelly from tunica adventitia. The thickness was measured and it was found that Wharton’s Jelly is reduced in PIH cases as compared to normal. Conclusion: The Wharton’s Jelly is reduced in PIH cases as compared to normal
Effect of yogic intervention on urinary melondialdehyde levels, autonomic functions and quality of life among buffing polishing workers of an automobile industry
Full text linkBackground: Oxidative stress at industry setting poses a threat to autonomic functions and quality of life deterioration of the workers in automobile industry. Yogic intervention may improve the stress levels and autonomic functions thereby improves their quality of life. Aims and Objectives: This study was aimed to see the effect of 12 weeks of yogic regimen on urinary melondialdehyde levels (MDA), autonomic functions and quality of life in workers exposed to buffing polishing work in an automobile industry. Materials and Methods: 35 male subjects of age group 25-40 years working on buffing polishing machine for 4-6 hours/day, 6 days in a week for the last 2 years were selected as subjects from an automobile industry. Same number of age and sex matched controls not involved in buffing polishing work were also selected from the same socioeconomic background. Urinary MDA levels, autonomic functions and health related quality of life parameters were recorded before and after 12 weeks of practicing yogic regimen. All the parameters were analyzed intergroup as well as intra-group by 2 way ANOVA followed by the Tukey’s Test. Results: Significant improvement was found in MDA levels, weight, BMI, E:I ratio & cold pressor test of autonomic function tests and all the physical and psychological domains of quality of life after practicing 12 weeks of yoga regimen. Conclusions: Integrated yogic regimen in buffing polishing workers can improve stress markers thereby improving their autonomic functions and health related quality of life. Thus yoga and pranayama can be encouraged and incorporated as a part of their routine schedule
To study the effect of topical Mitomycin C as an adjunct in ocular surface squamous neoplasia
Full text linkBackground: Ocular surface squamous neoplasia (OSSN) in a broader terminology newly introduced in the field of ophthalmology that includes conjunctival malignancies which ranges from mild epithelial dysplasia to invasive squamous cell carcinoma. The routinely used topicalchemotherapy for OSSN is mitomycin C (MMC), 5‑fluorouracil, interferon‑alpha, and cidofovir, and among these, MMC is usually preferred by most of the ophthalmologists because of its cost-effectiveness and lesser side effects. Aim: The aim of study was to evaluate the role of MMC as an adjuvant therapy in the management of OSSN. Methodology: Patients in the age group of 40 years and above with a diagnosis of OSSN were included as our study subjects. The diagnosis of OSSN was made based on the clinical presentation. A total of 20 patients with OSSN were taken as our study subjects. The tumor was surgically removedin toto along with 3–4 mm of uninvolved conjunctiva. Further, 0.4 mg/ml of MMC was applied over the excised site. Postoperatively, 0.04% MMC eye drops were given for 2 weeks with a dosage of 4 times/day. Results: Postoperatively, only single patient (4%) had recurrence which had developed after 6 months.. Other postoperative complications that had occurred were one patient had allergic conjunctivitis and the other patient had punctate erosion. Rest all patients were have no symptoms after the procedure and application of MMC. Conclusion: The topical use of MMC eye drop in the concentration of 0.04% has shown superior clinical results without any side effects and with a very few recurrence rate during the follow-up period of 1 year
A Microbiological Study on Abrupt Rise of Mucormycosis Cases in the Backdrop of Covid-19 in a Tertiary Care Hospital in West Bengal
Full text linkBackground: There is increasing evidence of mucormycosis in COVID-19 patients during or post treatment caused by different microorganisms and for their culture, specimens from certain sites are collected. The present study was conducted to assess different genera causative of mucormycosis, to describe the suitability of specimens for their culture and to determine the relationship between mucormycosis and COVID-19. Methods: The descriptive cross sectional study was conducted among all the 50 samples which were received at Microbiology laboratory, Bankura Sammilani Medical College and Hospital during May to September 2021 inoculating them in SDA and SDCA media within a class II bio safety cabinet and after incubating for at least 7 days at room temperature, processing for 40% KOH mount and LCB staining were done. Slides were observed under light microscope. Principles of descriptive statistics were used. Chi square test was done where applicable. Results: 44% of samples showed no growth while 30% and 26% of them exhibited the growth of Mucor and Rhizopus respectively. Majority of the mucorales were seen growing on the samples collected from nasal septum followed by middle meatus and maxillary sinus. Significant association was noted between the occurrences of mucormycosis and infection with COVID19 (p = < 0.001) Conclusions: Mucor and Rhizopus are the main causative genera of mucormycosis and the suitable specimens for culture of them are tissue from nasal septum, middle meatus, maxillary sinus etc. Mucormycosis is significantly associated with COVID positivity
Release technique effectiveness of myofascia with and without eccentric exercise for quadriceps tendinopathy in athletes
Full text linkBackground: Quadriceps Tendinopathy is commonly seen in Athletes,basketball players, weight lifters and even in Badminton players also. Many studies are available in the literature on Tendinopathies, very few are there on quadricepstendinopathy. No studies are there on Tendon release therapy with and without Eccentric exercise. So, purpose of this study is to compare the effectiveness of Myofascial Release Technique in combination with Eccentric Exercise and without Eccentric exercise in quadricepstendinopathy. Methods: It is an experimental study which was conducted on thirty athletes who were randomly assigned into Myofascial Release Technique (TRT)Group-A and Tendon Release therapy with Eccentric exercise(TRTE) Group-B. Group A received only TRT and Group B received Tendon Release Therapy with eccentric exercise. TRT for 5min daily one session, Eccentric Exercise for 10 repetitions daily one session. Total duration of study is for 12 weeks.Both groups ROM, MMT and PREE values are recorded on first day of treatment and after 12 weeks.Values were analyzed statistically, the pre-post values of both the groups were analyzed by using students‘t’ test and post-post values were analyzed using ANOVA. Results: Both groups showed decrease in pain and improvement in strength, ROM and function, whereas Myofascial Release Technique with Eccentric exercise group-B showed significant decrease in pain, improved muscle strength, ROM and overall function of Knee with a P value of P<0.0001. Conclusion: The results suggest that Myofascial Release Technique with eccentric exercise gave superior result in decreasing in pain, improving ROM, Strength and overall performance of elbow
Role of CBNAAT (Cartridge based nucleic acid amplification test) in early diagnosis of tuberculous lymphadenopathy and drug resistant tuberculous lymphadenopathy with the help of fine needle aspiration cytology
Full text linkIntroduction: In the India, we had about a quarter of the world’s TB Cases with a very high incidence of MDR TB and HIV associated TB and high mortality; mostly because of lack of early diagnosis and treatment. The Extra-Pulmonary Tuberculosis (EPTB) is challenging due to the pauci-bacillary nature of the disease and limited tests. It is also necessary to rule out other causes of granulomatous inflammation on FNAC and confirmation by CBNAAT. In Dec 2010, WHO recommended CBNAAT to be used as the initial diagnostic test in suspected EPTB cases. Aim: To assess the applicability of CBNAAT in early diagnosis of TB lymphadenopathy and early identification of drug resistant TB lymphadenopathy with the help of FNAC. Material and method: A hospital based retrospective study carried out over a period of 3 years (Jan2018 to July2021) in Pathology dept, GMERS Medical College, Gandhinagar. All presumptive cases of tubercular lymphadenopathy and purulent aspirates from the lymph nodes of various sites were included in the study. Smears were made after FNA and stained with H & E stain and FNAC aspirates was collected in Falcon tube and sent tube for CBNAAT in all cases of lymphadenopathy. Results: The total number of cases with presumptive tubercular lymphadenitis was 475. Majority of the aspirates are from posterior triangle of neck lymph node accounting for 56.42% (268 cases). FNAC has detected tuberculosis in 281 (59.15%) cases. CBNAAT has detected 99 (20.84%)) cases, among them 12 cases (2.52%) which were not detected by FNA. The sensitivity of FNAC in our study was 95.9% and specificity was 100% while the sensitivity of XPERT was 29.53% and specificity was 93.4%. Conclusion: CBNAAT can be added with FNAC to get more specific results. CBNAAT is less sensitive for blood stained samples than purulent samples and hence FNA still remains as the cheapest and first line test to diagnose in cases suspected of tubercular lymphadenopathy. The present study highlights the utility of CBNAAT from FNAC material as one of the rapid and adjuvant diagnostic tool in tuberculous lymphadenopathy
A Comparative Study of Fraxinus Excelsior Plus Vitamin-E with Vitamin-E Alone on Liver Function in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) Patients
Full text linkAims and Objectives: To find the effect of fraxinus excelsior plus vitamin-E with vitamin-E alone on liver function in non-alcoholic fatty liverdisease (NAFLD) patients. Material and Methods: This was a hospital based observational study. The study was conducted on 270 patients,diagnosed with NAFLD by Ultra sonography (USG) with baseline deranged LFT and lipid profile then were divided in two groups of patients.Each group consist of 135 patients, group 1 subjects received Vitamin E alone and group 2 subjects received Vitamin E plus Fraxinus Excelsior.LFT, lipid profile and steatohepatitis grade were investigated in four visits (day1st, day 30 th day, 60th and day90th). Results: In this study baselineLFT and lipid profile of the patients were deranged in both groups but statistically no significant difference in baseline LFT and lipid profilebetween both groups. During 2nd (day 30th), 3rd (day60th) and 4th (day90th) visits mean AST, ALT, ALP, TC, LDL were improved in both groupsincluding steatohepatitis grade, but more improvement was occurred in group 2 who received combination of Vitamin E + Frexinus excelsior.There was no statistically significant difference in the mean value of LFT and lipid profile between both group at 30th day but statisticalsignificance found between both group at 60th day and at 90th day. Steatohepatitis grades were improved in both groups. At 30day, grade 2 wasseen maximum in both groups i.e. 70 (51.9%) and 62 (45.9%) in group 1 and group 2 respectively followed by grade 3. At 60th day steatohepatitisgrade was improved in both groups, grade 2 was seen maximum in both groups i.e. 58 (43%) and 52 (38.4%) in group 1 and group 2 respectivelyfollowed by one. And 90th day steatohepatitis grade was improved in both groups grade 2 was seen maximum in groups 1 i.e. 63 (46.7%)followed by grade 1 i.e. 40 (29.6%) and in group 2, grade 1 was seen maximum i.e.54 (40%) followed by no grade in 45(33.3%). Conclusion: Inthis study, it was observed that consumption of fraxinus excelsior and vitamin E is associated with statistically significant improvement in LFT,lipid profile and steatohepatitis grade as com- pared to consumption of vitamin E alone
Benign Tumours and Tumour-like Lesions of the Jaws
Full text linkPurpose: The goal of this study was to look at the age, gender, prevalence, and location(s) of odontogenic and nonodontogenic benign malignancies, in addition with tumour-like lesions in the jaws, in an Indian population, especially in Eastern India, and to compare the results with previous literature. Methods: The data was gathered during a 1-year period starting from January 2021 to November 2021 from files collected from a selected hospital. The data was studied descriptively in terms of age, gender, prevalence, lesion place and type. Results: During a one-year period, 200 benign tumours and tumour-like lesions of the jaws were chosen. Thirty-four (or 17%) of these lesions were odontogenic benign tumours, while 166 (or 83%) were nonodontogenic benign tumours and tumour-like lesions. Conclusion: The findings of this study demonstrated that the location and characteristics of benign tumours and tumour-like lesions of the oral cavity and jaws in the Indian population, particularly in the Eastern region of India, differ from those seen in other populations