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Description and Analysis of Sources of Fear and Associated Fear Scores in Children Aged 7 to 12 in the Pediatric Emergency Department in France: A Retrospective Study: Fear Kids
No full textInternational audienceIntroduction:The validation of the self-assessment fear scale, the Trouillom etre Ò , has enabled the systematic identification of children's sources of fear notably in pediatric emergency settings.Methods: This retrospective study, conducted at a pediatric emergency department in France, aimed to describe fear scores and sources of fear in children aged 7-12. Fear was measured using the Trouillom etre Ò and pain via the Visual Analogue Scale. Results: Thematic analysis identified eight major sources of fear, with fear of pain, needles, surgery, and hospitalization being most frequent. Boys and girls displayed similar fear levels, but pain scores were higher among girls. Children presenting for medical reasons reported more fear than those with surgical reasons. Discussion: Our study explored comprehensively the children's fear in emergency contexts in France, providing critical insights for developing targeted interventions and improving care pathways to alleviate pediatric distress.</div
Créations de liens et constructions de stratégies militantes : une étude des dynamiques d’actions des collectifs en lutte contre les « méga-bassines » (Poitou, France)
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Flexible Organic Solar cells for Indoor Energy Harvesting: Predicting the Photocurrent in Complex Environments
No full textInternational audienceOrganic photovoltaic (OPV) devices have shown important progress during the last decade, enabling state-of-the-art efficiencies under standard solar spectrum approaching 20%. While challenges associated with better performing active layer and interfacial materials and long-term stability remain important under full sunlight, OPV are also particularly relevant for low-cost applications under low light intensities, such as for indoor applications, where they outperform most of the conventional photovoltaic technologies [1]. Especially, their flexibility and tunability, associated with low energy footprint process, make them ideal to be integrated on novel and autonomous Internet-of-Things (IoT) devices, for which they are also exploited for simultaneous wireless optical data reception purposes [2]. Such applications require a precise estimation of their performance under complex environments, involving curved surface, shadowing, hybrid line-of-sight (LOS) and non-line-of-sight (NLOS) configurations, noise, and mobility constraints. In this context, anticipating the expected current and power photogenerated by flexible OPV devices is crucial. In this work, performed in the frame of the OPV4COM project (ANR), we present our methodology towards the prediction of OPV performance in complex environments thanks to a combination between device metrology under LED illumination and simulation of the optical channel using an innovative Monte-Carlo ray-tracing simulator (RaPSor) [3], [4]. Especially, after experimental validation of the predicted photocurrent in LOS and NLOS configurations on flat devices, we discuss the performance of flexible OPV cells printed by inkjet and the impact of curvature radius on the device field of view and associated performance. This methodology opens the way to the full integration of OPV modules into “Green IoT” scenarios involving simultaneous energy harvesting and wireless optical data reception, for applications in Industry 4.0, e-Health or Smart Home/Cities
La conciliation entre autonomie et protection du mineur en cas d’atteintes portées par des tiers à sa personnalité dans l’environnement numérique
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Des croquis comme support de raisonnement et de changement de registres
No full textWe are convinced of the usefulness of sketches and diagrams during mathematical work but the observation is made in our practices that they are not spontaneously used by students. In order to study the understanding and use of sketches by mathematics students, we designed and then proposed a test at different university levels. The test consists of five exercises.The first concerns different representation registers of a set of numbers, the second on a graphic proof of an implicative algebraic proposition and the last three on the graphic approch to the notions of injectivity, surjectivity, bijectivity in the context of the analysis. The sketches, proposed or requested in each exercise, are intended to be aids to changes of register and reasoning. We present what motivated the choices and developments of the exercises then we analyze the results of these tests. In each case, we see difficulties in understanding and the sketches proposed, which leads to think that the sketch must be the subject of specific work at the university level.Nous sommes convaincus de l’utilité des croquis et schémas lors du travail mathématique mais le constat est fait dans nos pratiques qu’ils ne sont pas spontanément utilisés par les étudiants. Afin d’étudier la compréhension et l’utilisation de croquis par des étudiants en mathématiques, nous avons conçu puis proposé un test à différents niveaux universitaires. Le test comporte cinq exercices. Le premier porte sur différents registres de représentation d’un ensemble de nombres, le deuxième sur une preuve graphique d’une proposition algébrique implicative et les trois derniers sur l’approche graphique des notions d’injectivité,surjectivité, bijectivité dans le cadre de l’analyse. Les croquis, proposés ou demandés dans chaque exercice, se veulent être des aides aux changements de registre et au raisonnement. Nous présentons ce qui a motivé les choix et évolutions des exercices puis nous analysons les résultats de ces tests. On constate dans chaque cas des difficultés à la compréhension et à l’appropriation des croquis proposés, ce qui conduit à penser que le croquis doit être l’objet d’un travail spécifique au niveau universitaire
« Du crayon au marteau ». L’étudiante en architecture et le travail de la craie
No full textInternational audienceCet article analyse les dynamiques professionnelles et pédagogiques au sein d'un workshop d'architecture organisé en Champagne en 2024, dédié à la conception et à la construction de loges de vigne contemporaines à partir de matériaux de réemploi. À travers l'observation non participante, l'auteur explore la tension entre "penser" et "faire", illustrée par la photographie d'une étudiante taillant un bloc de craie. Le workshop met en lumière un modèle d'architecte-constructeur valorisant les gestes pratiques et collaboratifs, en rupture avec la séparation traditionnelle des tâches. La division sexuelle du travail y est également questionnée : les hommes s'orientent davantage vers la conception numérique, tandis que les femmes s'engagent dans des activités manuelles. Ce contexte reflète une reconfiguration du métier d'architecte, influencée par la féminisation de la profession et les enjeux environnementaux
Comparison of two strategies of glucocorticoid withdrawal in patients with rheumatoid arthritis in low disease activity (STAR): a randomised, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial
No full textInternational audienceObjectives To compare two strategies—a hydrocortisone replacement strategy and a prednisone tapering strategy—for their success in glucocorticoid discontinuation in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) with low disease activity (LDA). Methods The Strategies for glucocorticoid TApering in Rheumatoid arthritis (STAR) study was a double-blind, double-placebo randomised controlled trial including patients with RA receiving a stable dose of glucocorticoid 5 mg/day for ≥3 months and were in LDA for ≥3 months. Patients were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to either replace prednisone with 20 mg/day of hydrocortisone for 3 months, then reduce to 10 mg/day for 3 months before discontinuation or to taper prednisone by 1 mg/day every month until complete discontinuation, contingent on maintaining LDA. The primary outcome was the percentage of patients achieving glucocorticoid discontinuation at 12 months. Other secondary outcomes were proportion of flares, need for additional glucocorticoid use, disease activity, patient-reported outcomes and the results of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) stimulation tests. Results Of the 102 patients randomised in the trial (mean age 62.4 years, 70.6% females), 53 had hydrocortisone replacement and 49 tapered prednisone. At 12 months, 29 patients (55%) in the hydrocortisone replacement group and 23 patients (47%) in the prednisone tapering group achieved glucocorticoid discontinuation (p=0.4). No difference was observed between groups in the secondary outcomes. No cases of acute adrenal insufficiency were observed; however, 17 patients still had an abnormal ACTH stimulation test at 12 months, with no differences between arms. Conclusion A hydrocortisone replacement strategy was not superior to a prednisone tapering strategy for achieving glucocorticoid discontinuation success in patients with RA in LDA. Trial registration number NCT02997605