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Cabozantinib for Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Real-World Practice (CLERANCE): A Prospective, Interventional Study
No full textInternational audienceBackground: Cabozantinib is recommended after sorafenib failure in systemic therapy of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), based on the results of CELESTIAL. Herein, CLERANCE was designed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of cabozantinib after prior sorafenib failure in real-life setting.Methods: This prospective French multicenter phase-4 trial (NCT03963206) recruited 110 patients with unresectable HCC when a decision of cabozantinib was made in tumor board. The primary endpoint was incidence of grade-3/4 treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs). Secondary endpoints included overall survival, objective response rate, progression-free survival, time to progression, and profiles of cabozantinib tolerance and management.Results: Final analysis focused on the 99 patients who started cabozantinib. Patients were mainly males, Child-Pugh A, and modified-ALBI grade-1/2a/2b. Sorafenib had been discontinued after 4.2 months median administration. Grade-3/4 TRAEs were reported in 61.3% of patients. The objective response rate was 7% with 58% of disease control rate, and median progression-free survival 6.2 months, time to progression 8.2 months, overall survival 11.5 months since the start of cabozantinib and 23.2 months since the start of the first systemic line. Baseline modified-ALBI grade-1+2a and alpha-fetoprotein <400 ng/mL were independent markers of better outcome in multivariate analysis. The median duration of cabozantinib administration was 5.2 months, median daily dose 40 mg, 66% patients needing dose reductions.Conclusions: In CLERANCE, tolerability and efficacy of cabozantinib were similar to those observed in CELESTIAL. We obtained more details in the management of cabozantinib doses, identified surrogate markers of better outcome, and underlined prolonged overall survival for patients able to undergo subsequent lines
Systematic evaluation of Li3PO4 coatings on LNMO for enhanced cycling stability using NMR-based interfacial probes
No full textInternational audienceHigh-voltage cathodes such as LiMn1.5Ni0.5O4 (LNMO) offer promising energy density but suffer from interfacial degradation accelerated at elevated voltages and temperatures. Here, we present a comprehensive comparative study of three Li3PO4 coating methods (precipitation, sol–gel, and dry sol–gel routes) applied to commercial LNMO powders. Coating quality and intimacy are systematically assessed using a correlative, multitechnique approach including 7Li and 31P solid-state NMR, X-ray diffraction, and electrochemical testing. A key insight from this study is the use of ssNMR relaxation behavior as a sensitive probe of coating intimacy to the active phase. The methodology is validated on commercial LNMO and reproduced in a lab-synthesized LNMO to demonstrate reproducibility across particle morphologies. Among all methods, the sol–gel route produced a uniform ∼20 nm coating with optimal surface contact, translating to improved rate capability and outstanding high-temperature cycling stability (87% retention after 100 cycles at 50 °C compared to 29% for the non-coated LNMO), while retaining rate capability. These findings establish a practical framework for designing robust interfacial coatings in high-voltage lithium-ion battery materials
Fractional-Order Equivalent Circuit Modeling of Antennas – Part I: Modeling
No full textInternational audienceThis article introduces a new approach for devising accurate general equivalent circuit models of the input impedance of antennas. The major advance, compared to existing equivalent circuits models, consists in using fractional-order capacitances and inductances within RLC (resistance, inductance, and capacitance) resonators. The resulting fractional frequential dispersion faithfully models the complex dispersion laws in antennas. The addition of fractional-order mutual coupling to model the coupling between antenna modes further improves the capacity of the model to account for the distributed physical phenomena occurring in antennas. This leads to elegant, compact, powerful and versatile equivalent circuits with unprecedented accuracy for such simple models. Various examples, either based on full-wave simulations of different types of antennas or experimental measurements are provided, outlining the power and polyvalence of the proposed model. In the companion paper of this series (part II), this fractional-order equivalent circuit model will be used to build parametric macromodels of antennas capable of highly accurate parameters interpolation (and limited extrapolation), and allowing frequency extrapolation.</div
Cryoless MIR spectroscopy via pump wavelength scanning using PPLN ridge waveguide upconversion
No full textInternational audienceThis article presents what we believe to be a novel room-temperature mid-wave Infrared spectroscopy (MWIR) technique utilizing upconversion in a 2 cm-long PPLN ridge waveguide. Addressing limitations of costly, cryo-dependent FTIR, our "non-linear spectrometer" samples MWIR spectra by sweeping a low-power, continuous wave monochromatic pump laser, enabling detection with sensitive silicon detectors. Experimental validation with a channelled spectrum demonstrated accurate thermal source spectral modulation recovery, showing a 3% relative error. This robust approach offers a promising pathway for miniaturized, practical MIR spectroscopic tools
La collecte et le traitement des données de recherche en régime de containte
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Poitiers, ses tribunaux, ses prisons et ses gens de justice : passé, présent, futur
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From precursor to nanoparticle formation, size control and structural study (Invited)
No full textInternational audienceThe liquid phase synthesis of materials is a powerful way to obtain samples which could otherwise not be prepared by conventional methods. This is particularly useful when dealing with nanomaterials, as starting from metal organic precursors favors a better control of the nucleation/growth phenomena. In this work, the synthesis of nanoparticles of metal oxide compositions was performed in the ZrO2, ZnO, SnO2 and TiO2 systems, using different controlled methods such as non-hydrolytic solvothermal synthesis. The objective was to obtain crystallized particles with uniform sizes of less than 5 nm to correlate the synthesis parameters with the sizeand local structure of the samples. Indeed, for such small sizes, the bulk-based structural models do not apply anymore and specific properties are identified. For all the selected chemical systems, the synthesis of very small crystallized particles was successful. In this case, the presence of residual water and thermal parameters is as important as the choice of the reagents. The samples were analyzed by conventional X-ray diffraction, pair distribution function and transmission electron microscopy in order to determine their average and local structure as well as their morphology. Locally, the atomic structure of the particles are clearly different from the bulk structures when the sizes are inferior to 5 nm
Formulation, in vitro physico-chemical and biological assessment of calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate cement for bone tissue engineering
No full textInternational audienceCalcium pyrophosphate dihydrate (CPPD: Ca2P2O7·2H2O) crystals are known for their inflammatory potential as pathological calcifications in osteoarthritis while several studies showed the promising potential of calcium pyrophosphate-based materials as bioactive bone substitutes. This study presents for the first time the feasibility to formulate a m-CPPDc cement consisting of pure agglomerated monoclinic CPPD (m-CPPD) crystals with a lower inflammatory potential than a biomimetic carbonated apatite cement (Apc): m-CPPDc-induced interleukin-1β production was 2 times lower than Apc and 2.5 times lower than isolated m-CPPD crystals. In addition, the possibility to reach a biphasic cement composition (m-CPPD associated with the monoclinic calcium pyrophosphate tetrahydrate (m-CPPT-β) metastable phase) was exemplified by varying a formulation parameter which could be of interest to modulate and controlled the material resorbability and inflammatory response. Through an original methodology combining ortho- and pyrophosphate ions titration, in vitro biological and acellular cement physico-chemical evolution tests, we can correlate the enhanced hydrolysis of pyrophosphate ions released from this cement to the action of ALP enzyme (about 3 times more orthophosphate ions at day 2 and 6 whereas no pyrophosphate was detected) and/or hMSC cells (about 37 % less pyroP at day 4). Interestingly m-CPPDc cement combines a high stability during its evolution in different aqueous media (SBF, TRIS buffer, TRIS buffer including ALP enzymes) at 37 °C while releasing higher calcium (3 times more) and orthophosphate ions concentration than a biomimetic apatite cement. Overall, these results illustrate that the cement formulation strategy implemented in this study opens perspectives to develop a new family of phosphocalcic cements fully composed of hydrated calcium pyrophosphate(s) and intrinsically biologically responsive in vitro. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: We developed a formulation strategy demonstrating for the first time the feasibility to obtain a pure calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate (CPPD) cement but also the possibility to reach biphasic cement compositions by playing with hydrated calcium pyrophosphate phases. This material consisting of agglomerated CPPD crystals combines low inflammatory potential, cytocompatibility and a high stability in different aqueous media at 37 °C while releasing higher calcium and orthophosphate ions than a biomimetic apatite cement. Both in vitro cell test including an original pyrophosphate follow-up method and physico-chemical testing revealed a correlation between the hydrolysis of pyrophosphate released from cement to the action of enzymes and/or hMSC cells paving the way to a new family of biologically responsive phosphocalcic bone cements
Making Peace With The Living: A Legal-Anthropological Perspective On Transitional Justice
No full textAlice BRITES OSORIO. Faire la paix avec le vivant: une perspective juridico-anthropologique de la justice transitionnelle. Università degli Studi di Trento. Grandi transizioni, vulnerabilità e ruolo del diritto = Les grandes transitions, vulnérabilités et rôle du droit, IRIS, 2025, 978-88-5541-123-3. ⟨10.15168/11572_463217⟩During armed conflicts, various activities can lead to environmental consequences, such as the destruction of places, soil and water contamination, among others. The use of certain weapons, like depleted uranium munitions, for example, can have long-term effects on living beings (both human and nonhuman) in conflict zones. Some conflicts are also driven by competition over 'natural resources,' which can lead populations to be displaced. The effects of war are experienced differently depending on the perspective of social groups. For non-Western cultures that have a relational connection with the non-human, armed conflicts affect human life but also the territories of which humans are a part. In other words, war often disrupts social structures and relationships, as well as socio-ecological relations.anthropological analyses demonstrate the first steps towards a way of conceiving law as a vector to rethink the transition from armed conflicts to peace, based on the concept of ecological solidarity, and towards a notion of transitional justice founded on the reparation of the eco-social network.</p
