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L’égalité filles garçons dans l’enseignement agricole : quelles spécificités ? Quels écueils ? Quels leviers pour agir ?Regards croisés de la Haute fonctionnaire à l’égalité des droits, Naïda DRIF-LAMIA et du chercheur en sociologie, Joachim BENET-RIVIÈRE, sur les problématiques liées à l’égalité filles garçons dans l’enseignement agricole, L'enseignement agricole, bulletin syndical du SNETAP-FSU
No full textRegards croisés de la Haute Fonctionnaire à l’égalité des droits, Naïda Drif-Lamia et du chercheur en sociologie, Joachim Benet-Rivière, sur les problématiques liées à l’égalité filles garçons dans l’enseignement agricole
Evaluating the effect of an educational comic book on the knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding epilepsy among public schoolchildren in Mauritius
No full textInternational audiencePurposeEpilepsy affects 70 million people globally, with over 80 % living in low- and middle-income countries. In Mauritius, treatment barriers include a lack of knowledge and stigma, particularly among children. We aim to assess the effect of reading an educational comic on the knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) regarding epilepsy among schoolchildren in Mauritius.MethodsA quasi-experimental study was conducted in 16 public schools located in rural and urban areas. It targeted grade 5 pupils, aged 10 and 11. Data were collected using a structured KAP questionnaire before and immediately after reading the comic. Mean KAP scores were compared at baseline and after reading. A p-value<0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsThe study included 446 pupils, with 197 from rural and 249 from urban schools. A significant improvement in the global KAP score from 10.2 ± 2.9 to 16.4 ± 1.9 (p < 0.0001) was noted. The knowledge sub-score and the attitudes and practices sub-scores showed significant improvement across all socio-demographic groups (p = 0.0002). Significant improvements in KAP scores resulted in very satisfactory scores in both rural (16.0 ± 2.0) and urban areas (16.7 ± 1.7). Obstacles to better learning were a higher initial score (OR=0.45, CI [0.39;0.53], p < 0.0001) and monotonous reading (OR=0.34, CI [0.17;0.68], p = 0.002). All the pupils learnt a lot about epilepsy and greatly enjoyed the comic.ConclusionThe comic is an effective tool to improve KAP regarding epilepsy in various environments regardless of sociodemographic or cultural characteristics. Raising awareness among children, in our opinion, is the best way to anticipate stigma linked to epilepsy
Association and Prognostic Implications of Peripheral Arterial Disease and Calcific Aortic Stenosis
No full textInternational audienceBackground Calcific aortic stenosis (AS) and peripheral artery disease (PAD) share common pathophysiological mechanisms and risk factors related to atherosclerosis. However, the prevalence of PAD and its association with mortality in patients with AS remains heterogeneous and require further investigations. Objectives The aims of this study were (a) to determine the prevalence of PAD in patients with severe AS and (b) to assess the impact of PAD on mortality in these patients. Methods From June 2000 to December 2019, patients who underwent surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) at the Limoges University Hospital were enrolled. Over a median observational period of 7.6 years [4.9–11.4], 1462 patients were studied. PAD was defined by mention of clinical diagnosis, significant stenosis on ultrasound, or history of lower-limb revascularization. Results Patients with PAD accounted for 8.9% ( n = 130). Long-term survival of patients with PAD was significantly worse than for patients without PAD (HRa = 1.62, 1.28-2.04, P < .0001). This association was even more marked among patients with concomitant coronary artery disease (CAD) (HRa = 1.92, 1.46-2.51, P < .0001). Of note, long-term survival was similar in patients with PAD with or without CAD, and patients with PAD alone (ie, without CAD) have similar survival than those with CAD alone (ie, without PAD). Conclusions Almost one out of 10 patients with severe AS presents PAD. This comorbidity was independently associated with traditional risk factors and markedly reduced survival, increased mortality. Similarly to patients with CAD, patients with AS and concomitant PAD should be considered at high risk of poor outcome
Les expérimentations de mixité sociale au collège, une contribution sociologique aux enjeux de mixité et de non-mixité
No full textCe rapport a été réalisé dans le cadre du Groupe de Travail « égalité-équité » du Conseil d’évaluation de l’École.Ce rapport revient sur les expérimentations de mixité sociale mises en oeuvre dans les collèges à partir de 2016 en France. Il en dresse un bilan qualitatif, en revenant sur le. nombre de départements concernés, les dispositifs mis en oeuvre ainsi que les conditions d'une plus grande diffusion de cette politique au plan national
Introduction et contextualisation : Technologies OPV et intérêt de les faire écouter dans un contexte IoT
No full textCritique féministe du droit de la CEDH - Opuz contre Turquie, CEDH, 9 juin 2009, n° 33401/02
No full textNational audienceAnalyse de la beauté de l'arrêt Opuz de la Cour européenne des droits de l'homme relatif aux violences faites aux femme
Design of a Doherty Power Amplifier Using GaN Technology for 5G NR FR2 mmWave Communications
No full textInternational audienceThis paper presents a 5W MMIC Doherty Power Amplifier (DPA) operating in the Ka-band (28-32 GHz). The simulated and measured S-parameters and power performance are compared to those of a 5 W MMIC Class AB conventional reactively-matched power amplifier having similar chip area. Both amplifiers exhibit a peak linear gain of 20.8 dB. At saturation, the Class AB amplifier demonstrates a peak Power-Added Efficiency (PAE) ranging from 31% to 36% with an output power of 37 dBm, while the DPA achieves a peak PAE of 29% to 33% with a similar output power. As expected at 6 dB output back-off (OBO), the DPA shows a significantly higher PAE of 24% to 31%, compared to the Class AB amplifier's 16% to 22%. The amplifiers demonstrate performances in line with the latest state-of-the-art published results
La coactivation musculaire chez les individus avec séquelles d'accident vasculaire cérébral : modalités de mesure et relation avec le coût énergétique de la marche
No full textThe literature suggests that excessive muscle coactivation (MCo) of the lower limbs during walking may increase energy cost (Cw) in the post-stroke population. However, this link has not been documented and the effect of MCo on walking ability appears to be heterogeneous, due to methodological approaches. This thesis aimed to (i) examine methods for measuring MCo and (ii) explore its association with EC in post-stroke individuals. Based on a review of the literature, we found no significant relationship between MCo and EC, nor any common methodology for quantifying MCo. Under routine care conditions, we assessed MCo using coactivation duration (CoD): repeated measurements between two closely spaced assessments showed no variability with no change in motor recovery or walking performance. In a second clinical study, involving a sample of more than 100 post-stroke individuals, only CoD on the non-paretic side was positively correlated with Cw. Conversely, greater CoD of the ankle on the paretic side was associated with a decrease in Cw, linked to better paretic motor control and better postural balance. However, this initial exploratory study indicates that CoD, taken in isolation, cannot reliably determine an increase in Cw in post-stroke individuals. Overall, MCo measured in the clinic should be interpreted with caution and combined with other indicators to determine whether antagonistic activity is detrimental or, on the contrary, contributes to walking ability.La littérature suggère que des coactivations musculaires excessives (MCo) des membres inférieurs à la marche pourraient augmenter le coût énergétique (Cw) dans la population post-AVC. Pourtant, ce lien n’est pas documenté et l’effet de la MCo sur la capacité de marche apparaît hétérogène, en raison notamment des approches méthodologiques. Cette thèse visait (i) à examiner les méthodes de mesure de la MCo et (ii) à explorer son association avec le Cw chez des individus post-AVC. À partir d’une revue de la littérature, nous n’avons mis en évidence ni relation significative entre MCo et Cw, ni méthodologique commune pour quantifier la MCo. En condition de soin courant, nous avons évalué la MCo à partir de la coactivation temporelle (CoD) : sa mesure répétée entre deux évaluations rapprochées n’a montré aucune variabilité avec aucun changement de la récupération motrice ni de la performance de marche. Dans une seconde étude clinique, et sur un échantillon de plus de 100 personnes post-AVC, seules les CoD du côté non parétique étaient positivement corrélées au Cw. À l’inverse, une CoD de la cheville du côté parétique plus importante a été associée à une diminution du Cw, en lien avec une meilleure commande motrice parétique et un meilleur équilibre postural. Toutefois, cette première étude exploratoire indique que la CoD, prise isolément, ne permet pas de déterminer de façon fiable une augmentation du Cw chez la personne post-AVC. Globalement, la MCo mesurée en clinique doit être interprétée avec prudence et combinée à d’autres indicateurs pour déterminer si l’activité antagoniste est délétère ou, au contraire, contribue à la capacité de marche