Sri Shakthi SIET Journals
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Structural and Electrical Studies of Boric Acid Doped Cadmium Oxide Thin Film by JNSP Technique for Optoelectronic Applications
Get PDFThe present work deals with preparation and characterization of boric acid (b) dopped cdo thin films by the jet nebulizer spray pyrolysis technique at optimized temperature 450°C. Boric acid doped cdo thin films were prepared by jet nebulizer spray pyrolysis technique with different wt% of boric acid (x=0, 0.5,2.5, 4). The xrd pattern of various weight percentage boric acid dopped cdo thin films show the polycrystalline nature with cubic structure. At room temperature, the electrical conductivity of the prepared films increases with 4Wt% of 2.32x10-3 S/cm. The plot of voltage versus current as a function of temperature (RT-30°C) indicates the ohmic behavior of the films. Moreover, significant optoelectronic applications are cadmium oxide dopped with boric acid thin films at room temperature electrical resistivity is in the order of 101Ω cm which is low enough to be a good supercapacitor electrode material
The utilisation of End-of-Life Plastics for the production of paver blocks: A waste management and disposal strategy
Get PDFThe volume of municipal solid waste in developing countries continues to grow, yet disposal and management have become significant challenges. As a result, a proper disposal strategy is required. The feasibility of making paver blocks from plastic waste for construction work was investigated in this study. Paver blocks manufactured from plastic waste (PP and HDPE) and sand in varied proportions were evaluated for compressive strength, water absorption, and abrasion resistance. Paver blocks were manufactured with plastic (PP and HDPE) to sand ratios of 30:70%, 40:60%, 50:50%, 60:40%, and 70:30%, or PP30, PP40, PP50, PP60, and PP70, and HDPE30, HDPE40, HDPE50, HDPE60, and HDPE70. The paver blocks were inspected after 28 days. Compressive strength, LA abrasion, and water absorption of paver blocks increased from 30% to 40% HDPE, then fell to 70%. As paver block PP content grew from 30% to 70%, abrasion and water absorption decreased. The compressive strength of PP paver blocks declined from 30% to 50% PP, then increased somewhat, and then fell to 60% and 70% PP. PP60 and HDPE40 paver blocks had the highest compressive strength, abrasion value, and water absorption. HDPE40 pavers have lesser water absorption and more abrasion than PP60 pavers. PP60 water absorption and abrasion were 0.53% and 11%; HDPE40 was 0.03% and 24.2%. PP60 and HDPE50 have compressive strength, abrasion resistance, and water absorption of 20.09 MPa, 11%, and 0.53%, respectively, and 13.06 MPa, 12.1%, and 0.03%
Implementation of Driver Software of Trailer Module Chip
Get PDFThe aim of the project is to develop a driver software for UJA1076A SBC in embedded C using IAR Embedded Workbench and integrate the driver software with application software of Trailer module. Currently MC33903 system basis chip from Freescale is used in Trailer Module. As an initiative to reduce the material cost for the Trailer module product, a lower price SBC NXP UJA1076A has been used. Also due to the fact that the newly proposed SBC has less number of operating modes and registers to configure, it helps in making the driver software much more simpler, thus reducing the risk of hidden issues in the otherwise complex design and code of the current SBC driver software
Low Power and Efficient Re-Configurable Multiplier for Accelerator
Get PDFDeep learning is a rising topic at the edge of technology, with applications in many areas of our lives, including object detection, speech recognition, natural language processing, and more. Deep learning's advantages of high accuracy, speed, and flexibility are now being used in practically all major sciences and technologies. As a result, any efforts to improve the performance of related techniques are worthwhile. We always have a tendency to generate data faster than we can analyse, comprehend, transfer, and reconstruct it. Demanding data-intensive applications such as Big Data. Deep Learning, Machine Learning (ML), the Internet of Things (IoT), and high- speed computing are driving the demand for "accelerators" to offload work from general-purpose CPUs. An accelerator (a hardware device) works in tandem with the CPU server to improve data processing speed and performance. There are a variety of off-the-shelf accelerator architectures available, including GPU, ASIC, and FPGA architectures. So, this work focus on designing a multiplier unit for the accelerators. This increases the performance of DNN, reduced the area and increasing the training speed of the system
Spatial distribution of Groundwater quality assessment using Water Quality Index and GIS techniques in Thanjavur Taluk, Thanjavur District, Tamil Nadu, India
Get PDFAssessment of groundwater quality is of utmost importance to ensure sustainable use of water. Since the availability of water, irrespective of quantity and quality, varies from area to area in Thanjavur taluk. The present paper attempts to determine the spatial distribution of groundwater quality parameters and identify locations with the best quality for drinking and irrigation in the study area using GIS and WQI. Using IDW interpolation methods with ArcGIS 10.8, the spatial distribution maps of physical parameters, anions, cations, WQI, and irrigations indices have been generated. Piper pilot shows that Ca-Mg-Cl (mixed), Na-Cl, Ca-Cl, and Ca–Mg–HCO3 water types are found in the study area. Using a water quality index with a rating scale, 42.85%, 28.57%, and 14.3% of groundwater samples are fit, good, and very poor for drinking purposes, respectively. The obtained results of higher SAR, RSC, Na% show that 75% of groundwater samples are perfectly fit for irrigation purposes due to the long residence time of water, dissolution of minerals from lithological composition, and the addition of chemical fertilizers. The results of groundwater quality analysis have been used to suggest models for assessing water quality. The present study ascertained that the area's groundwater must be treated prior to consumption and protected from the perils of contamination
Towards applying FCM with DBSCAN for Detecting DDoS Attack in Cloud Infrastructure to Improve Data Transmission Rate
Get PDFCloud is a pay-to-use technology which can be used to offer IT resources instead of buying computer hardware. It is time saving and cheaper technology. This paper analyzes the DDoS attack on cloud infrastructure and can be detected by using FCM with DBSCAN hybrid algorithm that classifies the clusters of data packets and detects the outlier in that particular data packet. The experimental outcome shows that the enhanced hybrid approach has better results in detecting the DDoS attack. The DDoS attack targets the main host of the cloud infrastructure by sending unwanted packets. This attack is a major threat to the network security. The FCM with DBSCAN hybrid approach detects outliers and also assigns one specific data point in clusters to detect DDoS attack in cloud infrastructure. By using this hybrid approach the data can be grouped as clusters and the data beyond the noise level can also be detected. This algorithm helps in identifying the data that are vulnerable to DDoS attack. This detection helps in improving the data transmission rate
Quantification and characterisation of microplastic pollution and its ecological risk in the coastline of Tuticorin, India
Get PDFMicroplastics (MPs) are present practically everywhere in the coastal ecosystems, including the sediment of beaches and wetlands as well as the columns of surface and subsurface waters. Marine MPs are most frequently found in the near shore zones. Due to their potential negative impact on ecosystem functions, MPs have become a significant environmental problem worldwide. Contamination by microplastics has been well-documented around the world and it has drawn the attention of the scientific community, governmental and international organisations and the general public. In the present study, involving the isolation, assessment and characterisation of MP debris collected from six coastlines with recreation and fishing activities in Tuticorin district, the most common MP polymers identified are polypropylene, polyethylene, polyamide and polystyrene. The maximum number of MPs are found in the sediment samples of Tiruchendur (with an average of 8.33 5.3), and the least number of MPs are observed in the water samples of Aalanthalai (2 1.0). To assess the quality of water and sediment, we calculated the polymer hazard index (PHI), pollutant load index (PLI) and potential ecological risk index (PERI). Because of the presence of high-hazard polymers like polyamide (PA) and polystyrene (PS), the study areas have high PHI values (>1000). According to PLI values, water and sediment samples from Tiruchendur and Manapad are highly contaminated with MPs (PLI: 6.98 to 13.85), whereas samples from Aalanthalai, Kayalpattinam and Roche Park are less contaminated (PLI: 1.87 to 3.43). The PERI values of sediment samples from Tiruchendur show the highest ecological risk (PERI: 416.783). On the basis of anthropogenic activities, centres with recreational activities have substantially greater MP concentrations than the fishing locations, and the sediment samples are considerably more polluted with MPs than the water samples taken from the same locations, according to PLI values
Evaluation of the groundwater quality index (GWQI) and the human health risk (HHR) on fluoride concentration in Namakkal district, South India
Get PDFThis research aims to determine the health consequences of fluoride contamination of groundwater in the Namakkal region in south India using the groundwater quality index (GWQI). Study area latitude and longitude: 11° 00' and 11° 30' in the north, and 77° 45' and 78° 15' in the east. Statewide, it is among the largest districts in the state. The study region occupies an area of 3406.37 km2. The geology of the studied area is mainly based on the Archaean crystalline and metamorphic complex. The district's major aquifer systems are composed of crystalline rocks that are weathered and fractured and of colluvial deposits. Alluvium and colluvium are examples of porous formations in the cross-section. Only the main river channels have alluvial deposits. The phreatic properties of groundwater Depending on the topography, these aquifers may reach 5 m saturation thickness. Groundwater samples were obtained from 58 bore well sites across the study area during the North-East Monsoon (NEM) of 2015. pH concentrations in suitable drinking water regions during the seasons assist in limiting the availability of groundwater for drinking purposes. TDS are an important factor in determining water suitability for various purposes. The groundwater sample in the study area shows cation domination in ascending order of Na+ > Ca2+ > Mg2+ > K+ due to the dissolution of aquifer minerals in rainfall in the study area. In the NEM seasons, rock dominance and anthropogenic contributions to higher Na+ > Mg2+ > Ca2+ > K+ values. Fluoride concentration differentiates into three groups such as < 0.5 indicates low risk, 0.5 to 1.5 indicates moderate risk, and > 1.5 means high risk. More than 2 fluoride implies very high risk, whereas fluoride in the range of 1.5 to 2.24 suggests a very high risk. The appraisal of non-carcinogenic risk was done to stress the health issues that succeed due to the intake and dermal contact of drinking water in the Namakkal district. The percentage of risk HQ >1 shows that 48 men groundwater samples, followed by 46 groundwater samples women and 30 groundwater samples children, constitute possible health hazards. Overall, health risk estimation results showed that all the groundwater samples have surpassed the permissible limit of HQ <1 for children
Effect of Ethanolamine and HCl on structural and optical properties of Nickel oxide thin films
Get PDFIn the present work, Nickel Oxide thin films were prepared by spin coating technique. The effects of Ethanolamine and HCl on structural and optical properties of NiO thin films are studied. The structural properties of NiO thin films were examined by X-ray Diffraction (XRD). The amorphous nature of NiO thin films were observed from XRD pattern. FESEM studies of the surface morphology of NiO thin films exhibits smooth and uniform surface with average particle size of 200 nm for Ethanolamine doping sample and 300 nm for HCl doping sample. The functional groups and surface roughness of NiO thin films were investigated by FTIR and 3 D Laser Profilometry. The surface roughness of the prepared samples increases with increasing thickness from 4.49 μm to 6.81 μm. The optical characteristics of the samples were determined by UV Visible Spectrophotometer. This results shows that the prepared NiO thin films exhibits high optical transparency
Risk Assessment Methods of Low Back Pain among Masonry Apprentice
Get PDFWork-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) are primary cause of non-fatal injuries in construction. They involve instant or persistent stress on a worker's body (muscles, tendons, ligaments, bones) that may affect a worker's ability to perform his work or even cause chronic disability. This review helps the construction sectors in better understanding the intensity of WMSDs and the risks associated with them. This paper provides a layout for research community with a comprehensive overview of existing technique, their drawbacks, and the need for more study in order to achieve automated evaluations on construction sites. Despite the fact that assessing vulnerability to WMsSD risk factors has proven to be possible in order to reduce the rate of this injury, the area remains undeveloped due to a lack of awareness among professionals about the facilitating techniques, as well as their efficiency and limitations. This paper examines the current WMSD risk evaluation methods and outlines their convenience and disadvantages. This study helps the construction sector in better understanding the extremity of WMSDs and the risks associated with them. This review imparts the researchers with an integrated view of available methods, their drawbacks, and the need for study in order to achieve automated evaluations on construction sites