Sri Shakthi SIET Journals
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A Comparative Analysis of Machine Learning Models for Stroke Prediction
Get PDFStroke is a leading global health burden, and there is an urgent need for improvement in risk prediction and treatment. This paper examines the capability of several machine learning algorithms, including Decision Trees, Random Forests, Neural Networks, Support Vector Machines (SVMs), Elastic Nets, and Lasso, to predict stroke risk on four cardiovascular and stroke datasets. The results indicate that Decision Trees and Random Forests are always better than Neural Networks, although Neural Networks show promising accuracy. SVMs are consistent, while the Elastic Net and Lasso models give average results
Harnessing Mycelium Bio-composite panels for Improved Acoustic and Flame-Retardant Properties for Architectural Applications: A Comprehensive Review
Get PDFThis article examines the development and characterization of mycelium-based composites derived from agricultural waste, with a focus on their acoustic and thermal insulation properties for architectural applications. The review evaluates composites created using various substrates—rice straw, corn husks, and sugarcane bagasse—bound together by Pleurotus ostreatus mycelium through a controlled growth and deactivation process. Testing revealed promising acoustic absorption coefficients (0.6-0.8) in the 500-2000 Hz frequency range, with corn husk-based composites demonstrating superior performance. Thermal conductivity values (0.038-0.044 W/mK) were comparable to commercial insulation products. Microstructural analysis showed that the unique integration of the three-dimensional mycelial network with natural fibres creates an optimal hierarchical porous structure for heat resistance and sound absorption. The research highlights how these sustainable bio-composites offer competitive performance to synthetic materials while supporting circular bioeconomy principles through waste utilization and biodegradability. Applications in building construction, acoustic panels, e-waste management, and water pollution remediation demonstrate the versatility and environmental benefits of these innovative materials
Influence of non-thermal plasma treated Nano-carbon on TiO2 coated PMMA for bio activation of medical devices
Get PDFThe Titanium di Oxide (TiO2) was successfully coated over transparent Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) sheets by spin coating method which was then subjected to Acetylene Plasma processing to form a thin- Nano carbon layer on the TiO2 coated PMMA. The amorphous carbon was uniquely coated by novel vacuum plasma based immersion technique on TiO2 coated PMMA with the base pressure of 5x10-5 m.bar. The Acetylene gas was used as Plasma gas which was the ultimate source of carbon. The afore said incorporation technique helps PMMA to attain more mechanical strength, improved surface and mainly good bioactive property with high antibacterial activity with the continuous carboxylic group of polymer network. This plasma processed TiO2 coated PMMA was subjected to various characterization techniques such as Raman spectroscopy, FTIR and XRD analysis. The carboxylic stretching mode and C=O bending modes were evident by Raman spectroscopy studies were as the symmetric and asymmetric carboxyl groups were observed by FTIR spectroscopy. Three humps were observed as an amorphous Nano carbon at 10 and 45 2θ values using XRD measurements. This study confirmed the formation of thin- Nano carbon layer on the TiO2 coated PMMA which may be used for medical device applications such as for bio-implant purposes after a detailed investigation
Identification and Risk Analysis of Pollutants Present in Water Resources of Coimbatore (Noyyal River), India
Get PDFThis study was carried out to assess the physico-chemical characteristics and evaluate the heavy metals chromium (Cr), Cadmium (Cd), Nickel (Ni), Lead (Pb), Zinc (Zn) and Copper (Cu) pollution in the Noyyal river, Coimbatore, India. River water samples were collected during November 2019 and analyzed in the laboratory. The parameters including pH, temperature, electrical conductivity (EC), dissolved oxygen (DO), turbidity (TURB), total dissolved solids (TDS), biological oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), chloride, nitrate, fluoride, sodium and potassium were analyzed for the collected samples. The water quality index is calculated, to assess the quality of river water. The results obtained highlighted that Noyyal River was highly polluted due to domestic sewage, municipal wastes and industrial effluents. These findings suggest that the river water needs treatment before consumption
Comparision of Soil Amendments using Biochar and Traditional Compost in Enhancing Soil Quality
Get PDFBiochar and farmyard manure (FYM) are regular soil amendments enhanced used worldwide-they improve soil fertility and structure and crop productivity. Biochar improves soil health with long-lasting effects on water retention, nutrient availability, and microbial activity, while FYM, though beneficial, offers short-term improvements. An experiment was carried out at the field scale on a 30 x 30 ft plot separated into three portions-one treated with biochar, the other with FYM, and one untreated control plot. The crop planted in this experiment was Black gram (CO 6) at 45 feet between rows planted and taking care of agronomic practices. The parameters studied for soils were pH, electrical conductivity, nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium levels before and after applying the treatments. The remaining parameters are growth and yield components: plant height, leaf height, number of leaves, pod number, pod size and pod weight to properly compare the treatments' effect. Results showed that more nutrient availability is obtained in biochar-treated soil, however, than FYM; this was 10-15% higher regarding nitrogen-phosphorus and potassium levels. Growth around 20% higher in biochar was normal in the plot with pod yield at about 25% higher than that in FYM. Further, it reduced the occurrence of weeds by 30% compared with the control plot. FYM was a bit more favorable than control and was by far inferior to biochar. All of these indicate, thus, that biochar is a better organic amendment to enhance against crop health and crop productivity in sustainable agriculture
Clayey Soil Stabilization by the Inclusion of Banana Fiber and Microorganisms in the MICP Technique
Get PDFMICP is a process to produce bio cementation by using a hydrated lime and it is an inorganic compound of Ca(OH)₂ is a white crystal or white powder called as a quicklime. And which the calcium ions in the lime are present in the research. In this research the bacillus magateriumand Bacillusmycoides bacteria with lime upon the two separate ways by using the bacteria in the different molarities of 0.25, 0.75, 0.75, 1.Bananafibre is mixed with the clayey soil and the silt clay soil to maximize the strength to reduce the moisture content or to make it as dry moisture content. Puzzolona may mix with lime powder to maximize the strength. The experimental is to be maintained in the research of bacteria as (Bacillus magaterium) and (Bacillus mycoides), it is dissolving phosphorous and potassium, promoting growth and control the plant diseases. This may do mainly in the untreated soil and mainly done in the clayey soil, silt clay and fine loamed soil to find the strength according to the different molaties. The engineering behaviour is treated sand by using the bacteria in the unconfined test, CBR test, Specific gravity, PH test. The permeability of sand is minimized in the range of 6.3xE-3 to 3.2xE-5cm/s. It may use in the ground improvement process and other construction process to maximize the compression strength by testing in the unconfined compressive strength. The experimental findings with the help of using the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy disperse x ray analysis (EDX). The research will finally show the maximum compression strength of molarity in the MICP process. The lime may attain the more compressive strength by using the banana fibre can be effectively adopted to enhance the engineering characteristics of sand
Magnetic Nanoparticles Synthesis, Surface Coating, and Biomedical Applications: A Review
Get PDFIn recent years, the development of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) has attracted the attention of users worldwide due to their potential for use in many fields, including biomedical applications. The unique properties of MNPs, such as superparamagnetism, high saturation magnetization, and biocompatibility, make them ideal for many biomedical applications, including cancer therapy, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and drug delivery. Synthetic methods include ball milling, gas phase condensation (GPC), sol-gel, and thermal decomposition. Surface coating of MNPs is important to improve their biocompatibility, stability, and targeting ability. Various coating materials are discussed, including organic polymers, inorganic silica, and gold. Using MNPs as a contrast agent in MRI improves image quality and allows imaging of small tumors. MNPs also show promise in cancer treatment, including chemotherapy and hyperthermia. Biocompatibility and toxicity of MNPs are important factors to consider in their biomedical applications. Surface coating of MNPs plays an important role in reducing their toxicity and increasing their biocompatibility. The use of biocompatible materials such as polyethylene glycol (PEG) increases the safety of MNPs in biomedical applications. Future research should focus on overcoming challenges associated with mass synthesis, coating, and biomedical applications of MNPs
Xanthan Gum Production from Chicken Feathers
Get PDFXanthan gum is a polysaccharide produced by the bacterium Xanthomonas campestris which is one of the Xanthomonas species. Xanthan gum plays a key role in the industrial and food sectors. It shows a wide range of applications in food, cosmetics, oil, and paper industries due to its characteristics as a thickening, suspending and emulsifying agent. Due to the increased demand, there is a need for cheap and easily accessible organic nitrogen sources for production. This study produces Xanthan gum from waste chicken feathers. Poultry feather disposal annually harms our environment. Chicken feathers are renewable, easily accessible waste and economical. The waste chicken feathers are converted to CFP (Chicken Feather Peptone) through a chemical process. In this study, we discussed CFP to be an advisable substrate for Xanthan gum production
The Extreme Solar Storms of May 2024: A Comprehensive Analysis of Causes, Effects, and Historical Context
Get PDFThe solar storms of May 2024 represented one of the most significant space weather events of the 21st century, producing multiple X-class solar flares, a rare "cannibal" coronal mass ejection (CME), and G5-class geomagnetic storms that rivaled historical events like the Halloween Storms of 2003. This comprehensive analysis examines the underlying physics, technological impacts, societal consequences, and historical context of these extraordinary solar phenomena, while exploring their implications for our increasingly technology-dependent civilization
Semantic Tag Clustering to Alleviate the Cold Start Problem in Learning Resource Recommendation: A Case Study on Delicious Dataset
Get PDFThis study explores a methodology for recommending learning resources, demonstrated through a case study on the Delicious dataset. Tags, representing keywords assigned to describe content, are semantically clustered using K-Means. Sentence Transformers are employed to generate dense vector representation of these tags, enabling more effective clustering. The system identifies meaningful tag groups to deliver relevant recommendations, even in the absence of user interaction history, effectively addressing the cold-start problem through predefined tag profiles. The proposed methodology personalizes resource recommendations for Deaf and Hard of Hearing (DHH) learners by leveraging their profile and resource Meta data. It enhances resource search during the cold start phase by identifying the most relevant tag cluster that matches with the learner’s search query and retrieving preferred content based on the learner profile. Future extensions could incorporate dynamic preferences that evolve over time, enabling more adaptable and personalized recommendations. This work provides a robust foundation for clustering the resources based on their semantic meaning, thereby improving content-based search and retrieval of relevant learning resources