Sri Shakthi SIET Journals
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Preparation and Characterization of Alumina Nanoparticles by Direct Injection Flame Synthesis
Get PDFThe article reports the synthesis of nano alumina particles by instant and continuous one step Direct Injection Flame Synthesis (DIFS) method. The synthesized nanoparticles were highly crystalline with orthorhombic crystal structure belonging to the space group of P222. The nano alumina particles have a crystallite size of 36 nm and the particle radius is calculated to be 24 nm. The synthesized nano alumina particle exhibits a spherical morphology with different radius. The particles were subjected to controlled aging process and the formation of encapsulation layer is reported. The thickness of the encapsulation layer is found to be ~ 4.5 nm
24X7 - Travelling Womens Safety in Metrocity Traffic
Get PDFAs technology has advanced quickly, more individuals are using smartphones for a variety of functions such as marketing, business, social media, surfing, etc. This has also increased the threat of information sharing across various sites, which is one of the major reasons for harassment cases and other security threats against women. Surveys reveal that, smartphone usage by women has risen upto 5 folds in the last 6 years which is an average increase by 27% per annum. The increase in usage means that, there are high chances for misuse of information which results in security threats for women. The proposed system aims to create awareness of smartphone usage in mobile computing among women to efficiently handle it by avoiding physical assaults and harassments against women. It focuses to provide a Global Positioning System (GPS) dependent, android based safety application exclusively designed for women who travel farther distances on daily basis. Here it is implemented with help of Dijkstra’s Algorithm to find out locations based on Breadth First Search to form shorted path tree for reachable locations
Convolutional Neural Networks for Medical Image Diagnosis and Prognosis
Get PDFOne of the most incredible machine learning methods is deep learning. Utilised for picture categorization, clinical archiving, item identification, and other purposes. The quantity of medical image archives is expanding at an alarming rate as hospitals employ digital photos for documentation more frequently. Digital imaging is essential for assessing the severity of a patient's illness. Medical imaging has a wide variety of uses in research and diagnostics. Due to recent developments in image processing technology, self-operating identification of medical photos is still a research area for computer vision researchers. We require an appropriate classifier in order to categorise medical photos using various classifiers. After organ prediction and classification, the research was modified to include medical picture recognition. For medical picture detection, pretrained convolutional networks and Kmean clustering techniques similar to those used for organ identification are employed. Separating the training from the test data allowed for the data's authentication. The application of this strategy has been proven to be most effective for categorising various medical images of human organs
Enhanced photocatalytic and microbial activity of bio synthesized CdO tetrahedral clogs using Hibiscus rosa sinensis leaf extract
Get PDFGreen extracts from plants, fruits, flowers are being explored worldwide to minimize the effect of toxic chemicals used in nanoparticles fabrication. The present work is based on the cadmium oxide nanoparticles (CdO NPs) were synthesized using Hibiscus rosa sinensis leaf extract at different volume concentration of 10 ml, 20 ml, 30 ml, 40 ml and 50 ml under bio synthesis process. The prepared samples were characterized by XRD, UV-DRS, PL, FT-IR, FE-SEM, EDX, HR-TEM analysis. The XRD pattern confirms the cubic structure with average particle size of 41.48 nm to 51.69 nm. The estimated band gap energy is found in the range 2.19 eV to 1.67 eV. Near UV and violet emission in PL spectrum leads the presence of crystal defects in CdO lattice. Presence of vibrational modes of chemical species in the samples, are characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) spectrum. The elemental compositions are detected by using energy dispersive X-Ray analysis (EDAX). The particle size and morphology with intense magnification is confirmed by FE-SEM and TEM- SAED analysis. The antibacterial and fungal activities of Hibiscus rosa sinensis leaf extract CdO nanoparticles are tested for different bacterial organisms like Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus substilis, Escherichia coli and Salmonella paratyphi and fungal organism like Candida albicans, Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus fumigates under the zone inhabitation method. The photocatalytic activities of the CdO samples on degradation of Methylene Blue azo dye under UV light irradiation are also studied
FTO Thin Films: Outcome of Substrate Temperature on the Structural and Optical Properties
Get PDFIn this work, Fluorine doped Tin Oxide (FTO) thin films are effectively deposited by JNSP technique using ammonium fluoride and tin chloride as solution composition. The influence of Substrate Temperature (ST) on the structural and optical properties of FTO thin films is investigated. XRD pattern authenticates the presence of single phase polycrystalline orthorhombic structure with favored orientation along (230) and (200) directions. The sharp band obtained between 475 and 700 cm-1 originated from asymmetric stretching vibrations of metal oxide (SnO2:F). The highest band gap energy was obtained as 3.57 eV at 425°C and lowest band gap energy was obtained as 3.49 eV at 450°C obtained from UV-Vis spectra
Structural and Electrical Studies of NixSn1-xO2 Sn Dopped Nickel Oxide Thin Film by Jet Nebulizer Spray Pyrolysis Technique for Photodiode and Solar Cell Applications
Get PDFThe dissertation deals with preparation and characterization of NixSn1-xO2 thin films by the jet nebulizer spray pyrolysis technique at optimized temperature 450°C with Ni dopants. The films were analysed to understand the structural, surface morphology, optical and electrical studies for NixSn1-xO2 thin. Moreover, in the case of transparent oxide films, the thickness increases linearly with time of spray. Also, the growth of thin films is temperature dependent. At low temperatures, the growth rate is controlled by activated processes, such as adsorption, surface diffusion chemical reaction and desorption. However, at high temperatures, the activated processes occur so fast and the molecules do not dam up on the substrate. Growth rate also depends on the size of the droplets, because the decomposition of droplet is temperature dependent. If the droplet size is large, the heat absorbed from the surroundings will not be sufficient to vaporize entirely the solvent on the way to the substrate and adversely affect the kinetics of the reaction. The XRD Pattern of NixSn1-xO2 shows the polycrystalline nature with orthorhombic structure and is oriented through (021) direction. The grain size of the prepared films is increased up to x=0.2 and then decreased slightly, for x= 0.8 the grain increases. The conductivity of NixSn1-xO2(x=0) at room temperature is 2.8×10-4s/cm and the other compositions (x=0.2, 0.4, 0.8) show the decrease of conductivity to 2.4×10-6s/cm. The maximum transmittance ( 75%) shows in IR region and 70%of transmittance in the visible region at x=0.4. The band gap value of NixSn1-xO2 films is 2.96, 2.98 and 3.0 ev for x=0.8 0.2 and 0.4 respectively. It can be used for diode and solar cell applications due to the higher transmittance and decreases of band gap energy
Analysis of Trend in Groundwater-Quality Parameters: A Case Study
Get PDFIn the 21st century, groundwater has a pivotal role in ensuring water, food, and environmental securities worldwide. Systematic observation, protection and restoration are essential for sustainable management of water resources. Regular monitoring is key to investigate temporal changes in groundwater quality, and statistical trend tests define whether these changes are significant or not. This study focuses on investigating trend in seasonal groundwater quality in an alluvial coastal basin of West Bengal, India. The seasonal groundwater-quality data (pH, TH, TDS, Fe2+ and HCO3ˉ) of pre-monsoon and post-monsoon seasons were collected for 2011–2018 period and analyzed using three non-parametric statistical trend detection tests, namely: (i) Original Mann-Kendall (M-K) test, (ii) Modified Mann-Kendall (mM-K) test, and (iii) Spearman Rank Order Correlation (SROC) test. The trend magnitudes were estimated by using the Sen’s slope estimation test. Statistical analyses revealed that seasonal concentrations of all five groundwater-quality parameters have large spatial (block-wise) variation within the study area. The results of trend analyses indicated that seasonal TH and TDS concentrations mainly have significant decreasing trends (α = 5% or 1%), whereas seasonal HCO3ˉ and Fe2+ concentrations mostly show significant increasing trends (α = 5% or 1%) in different blocks. However, seasonal pH concentrations exhibited no trend. The mM-K test was found to be over-sensitive in finding trends than M-K and SROC tests. The SROC test was found to be less sensitive in detecting trends than M-K and mM-K tests. Trend magnitudes of seasonal pH, TH, TDS, HCO3ˉ and Fe2+ concentrations varied from –0.03/year to 0.23/year, –57.44 mg/L/year to 25.88 mg/L/year, –172.98 mg/L/year to 92.58 mg/L/year, –15.81 mg/L/year to 27.88 mg/L/year, and –0.05 mg/L/year to 0.61 mg/L/year, respectively. Continuous and proper groundwater-quality monitoring is critically required in all aquifer systems. The outcomes of this study will aid policy-makers in appropriately monitoring and managing groundwater quality
Investigation of Submarine Groundwater Discharge using Thermal Satellite and Radon mapping along the East Coast of the Tamil Nadu and Pondicherry Region, India
Get PDFSubmarine groundwater discharge (SGD) demarcated as a significant component of hydrological cycle found to discharge greater volumes of terrestrial fresh and recirculated seawater to the ocean associated with chemical constituents (nutrients, metals, and organic compounds) aided by downward hydraulic gradient and sediment-water exchange. Delineating SGD is of primal significance due to the transport of nutrients and contaminants due to domestic, industrial, and agricultural practices that influence the coastal water quality, ecosystems, and geochemical cycles. An attempt has been made to demarcate the SGD using thermal infrared images and radon-222 (222Rn) isotope. Thermal infrared images processed from LANDSAT-8 data suggest prominent freshwater fluxes with higher temperature anomalies noted in Cuddalore and Nagapattinam districts, and lower temperature noted along northern and southern parts of the study area suggest saline/recirculated discharge. Groundwater samples were collected along the coastal regions to analyze Radon and Physico-chemical constituents. Radon in groundwater ranges between 127.39 Bq m-3 and 2643.41 Bq m-3 with an average of 767.80 Bq m-3. Calculated SGD fluxes range between -1.0 to 26.5 with an average of 10.32 m day-1. Comparison of the thermal infrared image with physio-chemical parameters and Radon suggest fresh, terrestrial SGD fluxes confined to the central parts of the study area and lower fluxes observed along with the northern and southern parts of the study area advocate impact due to seawater intrusion and recirculated seawater influence
Simulation of Velocity Evolution of a Cold Collision-less Non-Magnetised Plasma by Particle-in-Cell Method
Get PDFThis work presents simple numerical simulation algorithm to analyse the velocity evolution of high density non-magnetized glow discharge (cold) collision-less plasma using Particle-in-Cell (PIC) method. In the place of millions of physical electrons and background ions, fewer particles called super particles are used for simulation to capture the plasma properties such as particle velocity, particle energy and electrical field of the plasma system. The plasma system which is of interest in this work is weakly coupled plasma having quasi-neutrality nature. Simulation results showed symmetric velocity distribution about zero with slight left skewness, indicating static system. The order of directional velocity of individual particle seems to agree with the input electron temperature of the considered plasma system. The particle and field energy evolution were observed having fluctuations about zero which indicates that the system is equilibrating. This work marks the preliminary work to study the transport of plasma species in plasma column of gliding arc discharge
Water Pollution Management and detection techniques: a Review
Get PDFNow a day’s water pollution became a national and global issue not only in India but over the whole world. Like India other countries are also facing the same problem of water pollution due to agricultural waste, industrial waste, sewage waste and so on. In this paper it has been explained clearly with the help of considerable number of references. It gives the information about the pollutants which pollutes the water. Sensors have a ability to Control and monitor the quality of water as well as able to detect the contaminants added due to human generating activities. Sensors can be used for the selection and identification of the techniques which will be suitable for performing the given task that is identification of pollutants present in water. Various pollutants found in water are pesticides, harmful chemicals, heavy metals, nutrients, etc. We will also going to discuss about the different techniques used for water pollution detections. Tethered