Sri Shakthi SIET Journals
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A Simple Model of Endemicity to Analyse Spread and Control of COVID-19 in India
Get PDFA simple model based on 2 parameters, time-dependent infectability and efficacy of containment measures, is written to analyse the spread and containment of an endemic outbreak. Data from the first wave of the outbreak of COVID-19 in India is analysed. Interestingly, growth and decay of infections can be seen as a competition between the ratio of logarithm of infectability and the logarithm of time vis-a-vis the efficacy of containment measures imposed. Containment time estimates are shown to exhibit the viability of the simple model
The Effect of Gaseous Discharge on Star Formation
Get PDFThis paper examines how gaseous discharge affects molecular clouds and how that affects star formation. In the magnetic field of the star, electrons, positrons, and ions interact to form the majority of the plasma's chemical makeup. The ZK equations are used for the study of gaseous discharge effects in the presence of shocks and solitons. According to the study, shockwaves produced by gaseous discharge are crucial in creating molecular clouds, which in turn affect the evolution of stars. Within molecular clouds, denser regions develop as a result of the compression of the interstellar medium caused by shockwaves. The gravitational collapse of these squeezed regions promotes the creation of protostellar cores and starts the star-formation process as a result. Shockwaves also affect the motion and turbulence of molecular clouds and improve the amplification of magnetic fields. Clarifying the basic principles regulating star formation and the ensuing creation of stellar populations inside galaxies requires an understanding of the complex interplay between shockwaves and molecular clouds
Survival and Comparative study on Different Artificial Intelligence Techniques for Crop Yield Prediction
Get PDFAgriculture is an essential, important sector in the wide-reaching context. Farming helps to satisfy the basic need of food for every living being. Agriculture is considered the broadest economic sector. The crop yield is a significant part of food security and improves the drastic manner by human population. The quality and quantity of the yield touch the high rate of production. Farmers require timely advice to predict crop productivity. The strategic analysis also helps to increase crop production to meet the growing food demand. The forecasting of crop yield is a process of forecasting crop yield by using historical data. Machine learning provides a revolution in the agricultural field by changing the income scenario and growing an optimum crop. Many researchers carried out their research to deal with forecasting crop yield. In this way, accurate prediction of crop yield was improved. But, failed to reduce the crop yield prediction time and the accuracy level was not enhanced by existing methods
Study on Key Determinants for TQM Adoption in Construction Practices: An Indian Perspective
Get PDFThe purpose of this paper is to explore the factors that influence the implementation of TQM practices in the construction industry. The study was conducted in Tamil Nadu from June 2015 to January 2016. The researchers used a random sample approach to collect data from participants. A questionnaire-based approach was chosen to collect information from participants. Statistical tools such as Cronbach's Alpha, exploratory factor analysis, multiple regression, correlation, standard deviation, and coefficient variation were employed in the study. Nine crucial dimensions of TQM implementation were identified: customer-oriented factors, organizational culture factors, internal communication factors, supplier-related factors, employee participation factors, employee development factors, employee training factors, availability of equipment factors, and process improvement factors. TQM implementation is influenced by a number of factors, including but not limited to customer-oriented factors; organizational culture factors; employee participation factors; employee development factors; availability of equipment factors; and process improvement factors. The study found that TQM implementation is driven by customer-oriented factors. Among engineers and project managers, the focus on customer-oriented factors was the highest. The results of this study can be used to inform policy makers, helping them create effective TQM policies in the construction industry
Weed Identification Using Convolution Neural Networks
Get PDFDeep learning is the core component of the machine learning field which employs knowledge representation for learning. Learning can be supervised or unsupervised. More deep learning techniques can be used which will contain deep belief, deep neural, recurrent neural networks in it which will be used in many fields. The most commonly used applications in deep learning are vision, audio, video, language processing, social media, medical, gaming and there are so many other programs where this deep learning has already produced very perfect results when compared to other cases and in a very little number of cases with superior to experts i.e. humans. Techno Agriculture is the domain where the farmers will get benefited from these latest improvements in the expert system. One of main objectives is that in order to remove weeds or unwanted plants by reduction in the usage of herbicides and to decrease the pollution in both crop and water. One of the Neural Networks i.e. CNN uses a flexible layer with the function of a ReLU to extract image elements and then uses a high-resolution and fully integrated RELU layer to separate weeds from the plant. The image which was processed previously is used on the convolution neural network which in return gives an image from the Region of Interest (ROI) from where it will extract the image and remove the certain aspects of the image in the training phase, after the training a splitting operation will be performed and the weeds are therefore classified by using the deep learning technique. In this scenario we trained 100 images in order to increase the accuracy of the model
An overview on the Impact of Food Fraud Incidences in Various Countries and its Detection Methods, Assessment Techniques and Preventive Measures
Get PDFFood fraud is not just a local issue but perhaps a global phenomenon. If the food available in the market are undetected or poorly controlled, this can harm consumer health. Food fraud causes a lack of traceability of supply chains and may eventually be a risk to food safety. The purpose of this paper is to acquaint the various types of food fraud and to evaluate the detection methods in identifying the adulterants. It also addresses the importance of vulnerability assessment of food fraud and key actions required for its prevention. Fighting food fraud will remain a race between the fraudsters and scientists developing new methods to prevent them. The review is unique that it summarized food fraud types, basic and instrument-based detection techniques for adulterants identification and it also focuses on the international governing bodies concerned with food laws and regulations. This study also provides perceptions of the interplay between vulnerability assessment and food fraud prevention
Removal of Phosphorous in Waste Water using Natural Coagulants
Get PDFThis study aims to explore the feasibility of employing natural coagulants like Cassia alata, Calotropis procera, Hyacinth bean, Banana leaves, Carica Papaya, Acacia mearnsii, Jatropha curcas cactus, tamarind seeds, and watermelon seeds for reducing the content of red phosphorus in industrial wastewater. A series of batch coagulation tests were performed to determine the optimal dosage of coagulants for the purpose of eliminating red phosphorus from the wastewater. The efficacy of each chosen coagulant in removing red phosphorus was depicted graphically. Among the various coagulants evaluated, Hyacinth bean exhibited the highest efficacy in reducing red phosphorus content (75%), surpassing the performance of casuarina leaves and banana leaves. On the other hand, tamarind seeds demonstrated the least effective removal of red phosphorus from the wastewater, achieving a removal rate of 56%. Notably, Hyacinth bean stands out as a potential coagulant for effective removal of red phosphorus, offering promising results akin to its capability in aiding blood clot clearance. By maintaining a pH level of 8 and employing a coagulant dosage of 20 ml, alongside initial and final red phosphorus concentrations of 4372.5 mg/lit and 1072.5 mg/lit respectively, with mixing and settling times of 30 and 45 minutes, the study achieved a significant percentage of red phosphorus removal efficiency
Extension of Raw Cow Milk Shelf Life by Microplasma Discharge
Get PDFCow's milk, the universal nutrient, is being stored and supplied, which seeks proper preservation. The prevalent milk preservation procedure of refrigeration, is effective only for two days, and after which, it starts to contaminate due to the growth of various milk-laden bacteria. This bacterial overload has to be inactivated properly to increase its shelf life, and is been achieved effectively using microplasma, a single-step, cost-effective and chemical-free process. Raw milk was treated for 5, 10, and 13 seconds in microplasma discharge. After 13 seconds of microplasma treatment, E. Coli, Pseudomonas, and S. Aureus bacteria got reduced at a respective rate of 89.93, 84.55, and 94.19% for in raw milk. The reactive species formed during microplasma discharge disrupts the structural integrity of bacterial cells and inactivates it, thereby enhancing the milk shelf life. Treated samples remained in good condition for 8 days. Thus, microplasma discharge increases the shelf life of milk by quickly inactivating the bacterial load
Fenton Process - A Pretreatment option for Hospital Waste Water
Get PDFThe treatment of wastewater with non-biodegradable organic compounds can be done by advanced oxidation processes such as Fenton, Photo Fenton and Photo Oxidation. These processes use iron and hydrogen peroxide as reagents to produce reactive hydroxyl radicals that break down organic pollutants into harmless substances. The Fenton reaction is fast, cheap, non-toxic and easy to operate compared to other advanced oxidation processes. This study explores the use of Fenton reaction as a pre-treatment method for hospital wastewater. The main goal of this study is to assess the increase in biodegradability of pollutants in hospital wastewater by using the photo-Fenton process. The wastewater samples were taken from Korambayil Memorial Hospital, Malappuram, Kerala. The physical and chemical properties of the wastewater were examined. The process variables were optimized by conducting experiments with different doses. The efficiency of the process was evaluated under different operating conditions. The optimal conditions for applying the photo-Fenton process to hospital wastewater are presented for the design of the treatment process
Design and Implementation of Low Power Time-To-Digital Converter using MGDI Technique
Get PDFThis paper introduces a novel Time to Digital Converter (TDC) architecture based on the Modified Gate Diffusion Input (MGDI) technique, which is derived from the well-established GDI method. Through the utilization of MGDI-based logic gates and digital circuitry, this innovative approach leads to a substantial reduction in the number of transistors required for implementation. As a result, it offers significant advantages in terms of circuit area, power consumption, and propagation delay, while simultaneously simplifying the complexity of the overall logic design. The functional blocks within the TDC have been optimized to efficiently process an internal clock frequency of 5MHz. This achievement is realized using cutting-edge 90nm MGDI technology, operating at a supply voltage of 1V. Practical implementation of this design can be carried out seamlessly with Cadence Virtuoso tools in the 90nm technology node. In essence, this research effort represents a promising advancement in the realm of time-to-digital conversion. By harnessing the capabilities of MGDI and its transistor-saving attributes, the proposed TDC not only enhances performance but also addresses critical concerns such as power efficiency and chip area utilization. These advancements make it a compelling choice for applications requiring precise time measurements, while the compatibility with contemporary technology nodes ensures its relevance and applicability in modern integrated circuit design