Sri Shakthi SIET Journals
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Development of a Laboratory-Scale Thermal-Arc-Plasma Reactor and its Application in the Pyrolysis of Petroleum Oily Sludge
Get PDFWaste treatment using thermal arc plasma is well established and laboratory/pilot scale plasma reactors were developed and their performances for the destruction of different hazardous wastes, other than petroleum oily sludge, were studied. This work aims to extend the plasma technology to the pyrolysis of hazardous petroleum oily sludge. A 4.7 kW thermal arc plasma reactor was developed using a standard TIG arc welding torch. The transferred arc plasma reactor was used to treat 20 g/batch of petroleum oily sludge. The prevailing temperature inside the reactor ranges between 356 – 1694 oC. The plasma arc temperature increased with increasing plasma arc current and also with increasing plasma gas flow-rate. A vitreous slag and a flue gas were generated as products. A mass reduction of between 36.87 – 91.40% and a TOC reduction of 21.47 – 93.76% were achieved in the treatment time of 2 – 5 min. The mass reduction was observed to increase with treatment time. However, the increase was more rapid between the 3rd and the 4th min of the treatment. The flue gas produced contains H2 (43.79 – 50.97 mol%), H2O (26.60 – 30.22 mol%), CO (8.45 – 11.18 mol%), CO2 (5.12 – 10.35 mol%), CH4 (2.17 – 3.38 mol%), C2H2 (0.86 – 2.69 mol%) and C2H4 (0.76 – 2.17 mol%). Thus, the thermal plasma reactor provides a suitable method of treating petroleum oily sludge
A Case study on Automatic Smart Headlight System for Accident Avoidance
Get PDFThe recent developments in the sensors and the IoT (Internet of Things) technologies are transforming many of the devices smart and to act independently or with minimum human intervention. The researchers are identifying many existing systems and trying to address the current problems in the functionalities or limitation of these existing devices. The researchers are also working to discover the technologies which are very expensive and not in the reach of the common man so that it would be possible to bring out the better solution for the ever-growing mankind with suitable affordability.
The functionalities of IoT are not limited to a specific field and outweigh the other traditional methodologies; it is being used in many of the life saving applications in recent days including health care, emergency care, accident-aids and many more. The recent survey reveals that the accidents percentage is high between evening 6 to morning 6 compared to the day time. The top most reason for these accidents are temporary blindness of the drivers caused by the headlights of the opposite side vehicles. Another study shows that the accident chances are high during raining or foggy season than a normal day. To avoid these accidents, we are mainly depending on the fog lights. There are few technologies already existing with the luxury cars but these are highly expensive to be adopted in the economy cars.
This paper proposes the technology which can be used to make the headlight system to be smart to avoid many existing reasons for the night time or bad weather accidents on road. The researchers’ main objective is to design an economic Automatic Smart Headlight system which can be used by the automobile industry. The second main objective is to design the headlight system for the two and three wheelers also, which is not actually considered by many of the researchers or the automobile industries
Agricultural Data Mining for Crop Recommendation and Yield Prediction
Get PDFThis structure is considered to predict the best harvest suitable for the agronomists' area. It also suggests farming strategies for crops such as diverse farming, spacing, irrigation, sow processing, etc. along with fertilizer and pesticide proposals. This is done on the basis of historical soil standards of the area and estimating crop and weather costs. Further, cost prediction is done based on Linear Regression to aid in ranking the crops recommended. India is defined as an agricultural country, where recommendations are given in traditional ways. In a Present-day, recommendations are based on farmers communicate between farmers, experts and various experts have a variety of recommendations. Recommendation can be provided to farmers who use past agricultural activities data. The application provides recommendations to farmers to determine the appropriate fertilizer and crop. This application can be used to increase crop yield and also recommend suitable crop
Performance of Signal Strength prediction in Data transmission Using Elliott wave Theory
Get PDFThe article describes an algorithm for predicting the future signals with the aid of past signal samples. In the real signal processing environment, the amplitude and unsystematic in phase signal are lead to more complex to estimation the signal, thereby, customer service is enhanced by forecast. The forecast of financial marketplace are usually done by means of Elliot wave theory. In this article possibility and applicability survey of the EW Theory is proposed in the paper towards the power of the signal forecast. In nature, the EW theory has free declining environment, and also uncomfortable based on the customer and base station and height of the antenna. The proposed algorithm has tested in real life conditions, considering both, the pedestrian persons and the people travelling at 60 Km/Hr. Consequently, the predicted result incorporates the practical signal strength based on increasing distribution utility, signal to intervention noise ratio (SNR) and instability at their subsequent time. The end result of the algorithm shows 68% of successful prediction
An Experimental Study on Suitability on Treated Sewage Water for Agriculture
Get PDFThe present study is on the purification of sewage water for agricultural purpose by using various chemicals and natural absorbent (rice husk charcoal &Activated charcoal). The sewage water is collected and conduct pre-treatment test for various parameters like pH, Hardness, Total dissolved solids, Total suspended solids, BOD, COD, Dissolved Oxygen, Chlorides content. Then coagulant with rice husk ash, charcoal the rice husk ash is prepared by using muffle furnace at 100oC. The rice husk is low in cost and easily available. Treating of sewage water with rice husk ash & charcoal helps to decrease the pH, BOD, COD, Total hardness, chlorides, TSS, TDS. The filtration is done by using what man filter paper. After the filtration, check the parameters like pH, Hardness, Turbidity, Chloride, Total Dissolved solids, Total Suspended solids. After post treatment process pH, BOD, COD, Chlorides TSS, TDS, and Hardness are decreased. By using natural absorbent (rice husk char & charcoal).The values are neutralized at 3% of coagulant
Mortality of Tribolium castaneum and quality changes in Oryza sativa by indirect exposure to Non-Thermal Plasma
Get PDFThe management of stored product pests is a serious concern as it contributes to postharvest product losses. This study investigated the influence of NTP on the control of Tribolium castaneum adults and the quality of Oryza sativa and compared with phosphine fumigation. The experiments were performed at 100 - 200 V of NTP and 100 - 200 ppm of phosphine for the exposure periods of 8, 16, and 24 h. Mortality of 100 % and 86.67 % was obtained at 24 h of exposure for plasma treatment (200 V) and phosphine (200 ppm), respectively. The quality changes in rice during the mortality studies were also evaluated for treated samples. The cooking properties, texture, hydration behavior, and pasting profile along with color and moisture content were investigated. The statistical analysis did not report any significant quality changes for plasma and phosphine treated rice compared to the untreated samples. The microstructural changes in the rice was also examined by scanning electron microscope. The results suggest that NTP treatment can be used as a useful tool for the control of T. castaneum without affecting the properties of rice. However, large scale studies have to be explored for practical usage of NTP in management of stored product pests
Occurrence of Uranium in Groundwater from Cuddalore District Tamil Nadu Aided by Geospatial and Statistical Techniques
Get PDFAn attempt has been made to examine uranium distribution in groundwater from Cuddalore district, Tamil Nadu, India. Groundwater occurs under porous sedimentary, fractured, and weathered hard rock formations ranging in age from recent sediments to the oldest Archean formations. A total of 186 groundwater samples were collected during Pre- Monsoon (May) and Post-monsoon (January) and analyzed for major cations, anions, and uranium using standard procedures. Major anions and cations follow the order Cl- >H4SiO4>HCO3- >NO3- > Na+> Ca2+> Mg2+>K+>SO42- > F-> PO43- irrespective of seasons. Uranium in groundwater ranges from 0.1 micro gram per liter (µg/l ) to 24.67 µg/l with average 1.82 µg/l. The spatial representation maps isolated areas of higher and lower uranium and statistical analysis inferred uranium sources to the groundwater environment
Performance Analysis of Regular and Irregular LDPC Codes on SPIHT Coded Image Data
Get PDFThe LDPC (Low Density Parity Check Code) has Shown interesting results for transmitting embedded bit streams over noisy communication channels. Performance comparison of regular and irregular LDPC codes with SPIHT coded image is done here. Different Error Sensitive classes of image data are obtained by using SPIHT algorithm as an image coder. Irregular LDPC codes map the more important class of data into a higher degree protection class to provide more protection. Different degree protection classes of an LDPC code improves the overall performance of data transmission against channel errors. Simulation results show the superiority of irregular LDPC over regular LDPC codes
Charge density studies of energetic material: RDX
Get PDFExperimental charge density study has been carried out for Cyclotrimethylene-trinitramine (space group Pbca), an explosive material from a low temperature X-ray diffraction experiment. The electron density was modeled using the Hansen-Coppens multipole model and refined to R=0.032 for 6226 unique observed reflections. The electron density, laplacian and electrostatic potential distributions are reported and discussed, especially, the properties of the bond (3,-1) critical points, which are thought to play a key role in the decomposition of the molecule. From the bond topological analysis of all the bonds, it is observed that the N–N bond is the weakest. The dominating nature of the oxygen atoms was clearly well understood from isosurface electrostatic potential of isolated and symmetrically sitting molecules in the crystal
Production and characterization of black charcoal from Bambusa vulgaris (Yellow Bamboo) and potentiality for advance applications
Get PDFIssues of air and water pollution and necessity of health care are becoming serious problem as the inter country and global industrialization accelerates. Finding solutions and speedy addressing to these problems via sustainable management and expansion of woody and non woody forest crops, extraction, eco and health friendly products development is increasingly important. Environmentally and health friendly bamboo charcoal has greater potential and upcoming demand in the globe. Evaluation of higher carbonation temperature and characterization of charcoal properties compared to traditional carbonation temperature pave the way for modification of surface and absorbance properties of bamboo charcoal and expansion of areas applications. This paper provides a scientific research about the optimum carbonation temperature to produce charcoal from Bambusa vulgaris (yellow bamboo). The bamboo culm was carbonized at four differed temperatures ranging from 600 to 950oC. Products of charcoal were characterized by SEM micrograph analysis, modules of rupture (MOR), calorific value, density, bulk density, density determination and water absorption determination. Optimum carbonization temperature to gain maximum property enhancement of bamboo charcoal was observed around 700 and 850 oC. By changing carbonization temperature charcoal properties can be change. Removal and solidification of carbon in the flue gas during manufacturing and convert into usable foam of product development pave the way for the expansion of charcoal manufacturing industry without harmful damage to the environment