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ConsomON, an ontology for structuring knowledge and modeling consumer food behavior
No full textInternational audienceThe transition to a more sustainable food system has become a strategic priority due to pressing environmental, social, and health challenges. This shift requires not only changes in production and distribution but also a deep transformation in co nsumer eating habits. Understanding the compl exity of these behaviors is essential to identify effective strategies and interventions. Tfowever, studying consumer behavior involves multiple disciplines-senso ry and consumer science, social sciences, nutrition, psychology, economics- each with its own methods and terminology, making integration diffic ul t. Ontologies offer a so lution by providing a shared conceptual framework to analyze and mode! consumer dynamics. Existing foo drelated ontologies, such as FoodWiki, FoodOn, and TransformON, are primarily product- or process-oriented. While useful, they do not adequately address the in teractio n between consumers, food, and context. To fil! this gap, the ConsomON ontology was developed to mode! th e biological, cognitive, and behavioral processes involved in food choices, from exposure to stimuli to fi nal purchase and consumption decisions. ConsomON has been built usin g the Linked Open Terms methodology, combining top-down and bottomup approaches. The top-clown method draws on litera ture, expert input, and existing models like PO' and T-ADOPT, focusing on high-level concepts for consistency. The bottom-up approach uses detailed, domainspecific data from l:\vo questionnaires-one structured (Food Choice Questionnaire) and one open-endedused as a case study to deve lop the "consumer motivation" hierarchy of attributes. The PO' Manager software suite was used to build and implement th e onto logy. Ultimately, ConsomON aims to standardize vocabulary and structure data on food consumer behavior, fostering interdisciplinary collaboration and enabling data-driven approaches such as meta-analyses, AT-based tools, and holistic models of food choice processes
Agriculture, aquaculture et pêche : impacts des modes de production labellisés sur la biodiversité. Synthèse du rapport scientifique de l'étude
No full textLa loi Climat et résilience de 2021 a instauré la mise en place d’un affichage environnemental sur les produits alimentaires afin d’informer les consommateurs du coût environnemental de leurs achats. La construction de cet affichage a suscité un important travail méthodologique ouvert aux acteurs. Un bilan intermédiaire a souligné la difficulté à appréhender toutes les dimensions de la biodiversité. C’est dans ce cadre que les ministères en charge de la transition écologique, et de l’agriculture et de l’alimentation, ainsi que l’ADEME, ont sollicité INRAE et l’Ifremer courant 2022 pour mieux documenter ce volet biodiversité, en se focalisant sur les pratiques de production. Afin d’éclairer plus largement les politiques publiques, les pouvoirs publics ont choisi de s’appuyer sur les labels dont les cahiers des charges certifient des pratiques et parce que leur développement les place au cœur de nombreux débats sur les relations entre production et consommation durables. L’étude, intitulée « BiodivLabel », a été menée par un comité pluridisciplinaire d’experts scientifiques issus d’organismes publics de recherche et d’enseignement supérieur
When the DRC Forgets Its Intellectuals: Reflections on National Indifference to the Death of V.Y. Mudimbe: Examining the Marginalization of Intellectual Contributions in Contemporary Congolese Society
No full texthttps://commpratique.hypotheses.org/473Dieser Beitrag analysiert das Fehlen öffentlicher Ehrungen zum Tod von V.Y. Mudimbe in der Demokratischen Republik Kongo und hebt die nationale Gleichgültigkeit gegenüber einem der bedeutendsten Intellektuellen des Landes hervor. Durch die Untersuchung der Medienberichterstattung und institutioneller Reaktionen betont der Artikel die Marginalisierung intellektueller Beiträge in der kongolesischen Öffentlichkeit. Er untersucht die sozialen, kulturellen und politischen Mechanismen, die zu dieser Unsichtbarmachung führen, und reflektiert über die Notwendigkeit, lokales Wissen zu würdigen, um das kollektive Gedächtnis zu stärken und die Anerkennung intellektueller Persönlichkeiten im Land zu fördern.This post analyzes the absence of public tribute to the death of V.Y. Mudimbe in the Democratic Republic of Congo, highlighting the national indifference toward one of its most eminent intellectuals. Through an examination of media coverage and institutional responses, the article emphasizes the marginalization of intellectual contributions in the Congolese public sphere. It explores the social, cultural, and political mechanisms that lead to this invisibilization and reflects on the need to value local knowledge to strengthen collective memory and the recognition of intellectual figures in the country.Ce billet analyse l’absence d’hommage public à la mort de V.Y. Mudimbe en République démocratique du Congo, mettant en lumière l’indifférence nationale envers l’un de ses intellectuels les plus éminents. À travers l’étude de la couverture médiatique et des réactions institutionnelles, l’article souligne la marginalisation des contributions intellectuelles dans l’espace public congolais. Il interroge les mécanismes sociaux, culturels et politiques qui conduisent à cette invisibilisation et propose une réflexion sur la nécessité de valoriser les savoirs locaux pour renforcer la mémoire collective et la reconnaissance des figures intellectuelles dans le pays
« Tout Portugais a en lui, sans même le savoir, un petit Thomas d’Aquin ». L’instrumentalisation du thomisme dans la pensée juridique des cathédocrates
No full textInternational audienceThe university city of Coimbra was conceived in the 1880s as the centre of the Thomist movement in Portugal, in order to satisfy the mandate of the encyclical Aeterni Patris (1879). However, the revival of legal Thomism was mainly the result of a reaction that began in the 1910s among students and then professors at the Faculty of Law in Coimbra, the future cathedocrats, in response to the anti-clerical policies of the First Republic. Thanks to its eclecticism, the Faculty of Law in Coimbra had indeed opened up throughout the 19th century to sociological and organicist positivism, scientism, naturalism, evolutionism and utilitarianism. The response, which began in 1913, tended instead to rediscover Portugal's Thomist and scholastic roots in order to rethink the methodology and several concepts of law in an ethical sense. In the 1930s, these served to justify and comment on the constitutional superstructure and legal infrastructure of the Estado Novo built by the cathedocrats.La ville universitaire de Coimbra se conçoit dès les années 1880 comme le centre du mouvement thomiste au Portugal, afin de satisfaire le mot d’ordre de l’encyclique Aeterni Patris (1879). Pourtant, le regain du thomisme juridique est surtout le fruit d’une réaction initiée dans les années 1910 : celle des étudiants puis professeurs de la Faculté de Droit coïmbrienne, les futurs cathédocrates, face aux menées anticléricales de la Ire République. En vertu de son éclectisme, la Faculté de droit coïmbrienne s’était en effet ouvert, tout au long du XIXe siècle, au positivisme sociologique et organiciste, au scientisme, au naturalisme, à l’évolutionnisme et à l’utilitarisme. La réplique, lancée à partir de 1913, tend au contraire à redécouvrir les racines thomistes et scolastiques du Portugal, afin de repenser la méthodologie et plusieurs concepts du droit dans un sens éthique. Dans les années 1930, elles servent à justifier et commenter la superstructure constitutionnelle et les infrastructures juridiques de l’Estado Novo bâti par les cathédocrates
Federated deep learning for enhanced prediction of electric vehicle charging station availability
No full textInternational audienceThe growing demand for public Electric Vehicle (EV) Charging Stations (CSs) is vital for promoting wider EV adoption but frequently results in congestion due to limited availability and high usage, leading to increased wait times for drivers. In response, this study proposes a predictive occupancy model utilizing a privacy-preserving Federated Learning (FL) approach, which enables multiple Charging Station Operators (CSOs) to collaborate without sharing sensitive user data. Unlike traditional centralized models, our FL framework allows CSOs to contribute to a central server that aggregates their local models, maintaining privacy and ensuring data security. A key challenge in this setup is managing non-Independently and non-Identically Distributed (non-IID) and heterogeneous data, common in real-world scenarios with diverse user behaviors and charging patterns. To address this, we evaluate various aggregation algorithms, including FedAvg, FedProx, SCAFFOLD, and FedPer, to determine their effectiveness under different conditions. Using 10-minute interval data from the Dundee City CS dataset, we predict station occupancy one hour ahead. The results show that FedPer and SCAFFOLD perform exceptionally well when handling unbalanced data, while FedAvg proves to be more effective in situations with skewed feature distributions. This FL approach not only improves the accuracy of EV charging station occupancy predictions but also lays the groundwork for securely scaling EV infrastructure, ensuring that privacy concerns do not hinder the development of intelligent, data-driven services.</div
Studying and promoting vanished remains: the Mont-Dore curative spa complex (France)
No full textInternational audienc
Nourrir la santé par le plaisir de manger - les bons choix dès le départ
No full textNational audienc
Métallurgie en Ardenne. Le Vî Fournia de Linchamps (commune de Thilay, Ardennes). Rapport de fouille campagne 2024.: Opération 97.9986 arrêté SRA2024/C155, 25 mars 2024
No full textThis report presents the results of the 2024 excavation campaign at the Linchamps blast furnace, which led to the uncovering of the collapse levels. The entire blast furnace was uncovered, revealing the bellows opening and the working opening. The damper closing the blast furnace is still in place, but the crucible is completely filled with the remains of the last reduction. Traces of fire around the perimeter suggest that the site was abandoned following a serious problem. In addition to the structure of the blast furnace, a drain was uncovered, whose function is to protect the blast furnace from infiltration. An initial typology of blast furnace slag was established, providing a better understanding of the reduction process.Ce rapport présente les résultats de la campagne de fouille 2024 sur le haut fourneau de Linchamps ayant conduit au dégagement des niveaux d'effondrement.L'intégralité du haut fourneau a pu être dégagée, mettant notamment en évidence l'embrasure des soufflets et l'embrasure de travail. La dame fermant le haut fourneau est toujours en place, mais le creuset est entièrement rempli par les restes de la dernière réduction. Les traces d'incendie périphériques font penser à un abandon du site suite à un grave problème. Outre la structure du haut fourneau, un drain a pu été dégagé, dont la fonction est de protéger le haut fourneau des infiltrations. Une première typologie des scories de haut-fourneau a pu être mise en place, permettant de mieux comprendre le processus de réduction
Bioanalytical workflow for exploring the chemical diversity and antioxidant capacity of grape juice peptides
No full textInternational audienceThe oxidative stability of wines refers to their intrinsicability to preserve organoleptic qualities during aging andbottle storage. When compromised, it can lead to aromadegradation. A significant contribution of sulfur-containing peptides (sulfur atoms) to the antioxidantmetabolome1-3 has led to the hypothesis that thismetabolome is defined during grape ripening andextracted from the must during pressing.The novelty of this work lies in the hypothesis that grape juice proteins are a major source of peptides,which are released during winemaking and contribute to antioxidant activity due to their nucleophilicproperties during wine aging. Our primary focus is on controlling the production of these peptidesupstream, in the grape juice, prior to fermentation. Here, we present first the purification of major grape-derived proteins primarily thaumatin-like proteins4 and chitinase4 to isolate them from other compounds,then an optimized protocol to generate a pool of peptides from purified grape juice proteins. Thisapproach enabled us to first assess their antioxidant capacity and, in the future, investigate their chemicaldiversity by LC-MS molecular profilin